Semiology Extraction and Machine Learning-Based Classification of Electronic Health Records for Patients With Epilepsy: Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Obtaining and describing semiology efficiently and classifying seizure types correctly are crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy. Nevertheless, there exists an inadequacy in related informatics resources and decision support tools.

Objective: We developed a symptom entity extraction tool and an epilepsy semiology ontology (ESO) and used machine learning to achieve an automated binary classification of epilepsy in this study.

Prediction of epileptogenicity in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex using multimodal cerebral MRI.

Objective: Epilepsy is the most common complication and cause of morbidity and mortality in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Surgery is associated with an increased probability of achieving seizure-freedom. However, the preoperative noninvasive localisation of epileptogenic tubers remains challenging.

Effects of antiseizure medication withdrawal during the first trimester of pregnancy on seizure control and offspring outcomes.

Objective: To explore seizure control and offspring outcomes associated with antiseizure medication (ASM) withdrawal during the first trimester of pregnancy.

Methods: Based on a prospective multicenter study in China, pregnancies followed up between 2009 and 2023 at the neurology outpatient clinic of 50 hospitals were included in this study. Information on demographics, epileptic characteristics, treatment during pregnancy, and offspring outcomes was collected.

Global burden and management of women with epilepsy in pregnancy: A modeling study.

Background: Most pregnant women with epilepsy do not receive proper medical care, which creates a special burden worldwide. We aimed to qualify this special global burden and assess the impact of different clinical management strategies to reduce it.

Methods: The data used in this study were extracted from articles published between 2005 and 2022.

An Artificial Intelligence-Driven Approach for Automatic Evaluation of Right-to-Left Shunt Grades in Saline-Contrasted Transthoracic Echocardiography.

Background: Intracardiac or pulmonary right-to-left shunt (RLS) is a common cardiac anomaly associated with an increased risk of neurological disorders, specifically cryptogenic stroke. Saline-contrasted transthoracic echocardiography (scTTE) is often used for RLS diagnosis. However, the identification of saline microbubbles in the left heart can be challenging for novice residents, potentially leading to a delay in diagnosis and treatment.

Whole-cycle management of women with epilepsy of child-bearing age: ontology construction and application.

Background: The effective management of epilepsy in women of child-bearing age necessitates a concerted effort from multidisciplinary teams. Nevertheless, there exists an inadequacy in the seamless exchange of knowledge among healthcare providers within this context. Consequently, it is imperative to enhance the availability of informatics resources and the development of decision support tools to address this issue comprehensively.

Management of epilepsy in pregnancy: What we still need to learn.

Safe pregnancies have been a major concern for women with epilepsy. With more than 50 years of research, we have learned that antiseizure medications (ASMs) differ in their teratogenic risk. Valproate is associated with greater risks for malformations and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes than other ASMs.

Identifying Genetic Factors of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Women with Epilepsy: A Whole-Genome Sequencing Study.

Introduction: Women with epilepsy (WWE) are more likely to develop reproductive endocrine disorders, especially polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study aimed to explore the genetic factors of PCOS in WWE in hope of improving individual precision diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: WWE registered at West China Hospital between January 2022 and October 2022 were enrolled in this study.

Pharmacological modulation of autophagy for epilepsy therapy: Opportunities and obstacles.

Epilepsy (EP) is a long-term neurological disorder characterized by neuroinflammatory responses, neuronal apoptosis, imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, and oxidative stress in the brain. Autophagy is a process of cellular self-regulation to maintain normal physiological functions. Emerging evidence suggests that dysfunctional autophagy pathways in neurons are a potential mechanism underlying EP pathogenesis.

Heart-brain axis: Association of congenital heart abnormality and brain diseases.

Brain diseases are a major burden on human health worldwide, and little is known about how most brain diseases develop. It is believed that cardiovascular diseases can affect the function of the brain, and many brain diseases are associated with heart dysfunction, which is called the heart-brain axis. Congenital heart abnormalities with anomalous hemodynamics are common treatable cardiovascular diseases.

Advances in Epilepsy: Mechanisms, Clinical Trials, and Drug Therapies.

Epilepsy is a common disease of the nervous system characterized by transient brain dysfunction caused by an abnormal electrical discharge from the brain neurons. The pathogenesis of epilepsy is complex and remains elusive. Nowadays, drug therapy is the mainstay method for the treatment of epilepsy.

Targeting adverse effects of antiseizure medication on offspring: current evidence and new strategies for safety.

Introduction: For women with epilepsy of reproductive age, antiseizure medications (ASMs) are associated with an increased risk of offspring malformations. There are safety concerns for most anti-seizure medications in the perinatal period, and there is a clear need to identify safe medications. ASMs must transport through biological barriers to exert toxic effects on the fetus, and transporters play essential roles in trans-barrier drug transport.

Development and therapeutic potential of adaptor-associated kinase 1 inhibitors in human multifaceted diseases.

Adaptor-Associated Kinase 1 (AAK1), a Ser/Thr protein kinase, responsible for regulating clathrin-mediated endocytosis, is ubiquitous in the central nervous system (CNS). AAK1 plays an important role in neuropathic pain and a variety of other human diseases, including viral invasion, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's syndrome, etc. Therefore, targeting AAK1 is a promising therapeutic strategy.

Automated Digital Interventions and Smoking Cessation: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Relating Efficiency to a Psychological Theory of Intervention Perspective.

Background: Smoking remains a highly significant preventable global public health problem. In this context, digital interventions offer great advantages in terms of a lack of biological side effects, possibility of automatic delivery, and consequent human resource savings relative to traditional interventions. Such interventions have been studied in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) but have not been systematically reviewed with the inclusion of text-based and multiplatform-based interventions.

Chronic Noise Exposure and Risk of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Evidence is scarce about the effect of noise exposure on the risk of dementia. We conducted a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis, aiming to explore the association between noise exposure and the risk of dementia.

Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library to collect studies on chronic noise exposure and the risk of dementia from database inception to September 18, 2021 without language limitations.

[Role and Significance of Bioactive Substances in Sputum in the Diagnosis of Lung Cancer].

The incidence rate of lung cancer is one of the highest incidence of malignancies in China. The gold standard for diagnosis requires pathological examination or cytological examination of biopsy. The invasive and sensitive nature of the two limits their use.