A scoping review of the role of policy in mitigating childhood obesity in underserved populations using the RE-AIM framework.

Background: Childhood obesity is an escalating crisis in the United States. Health policy may impact this epidemic which disproportionally affects underserved populations.

Aim: The aim was to use the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM) framework to assess health policy impact on preventing or treating school-aged children (5 > 18 years) with obesity in underserved populations.

Wearable Devices and Nurses' Health: Protocol for an Integrative Review.

Background: Nurses comprise over half of the global health care workforce, and the nursing care they provide is critical for the global population's health. High patient volumes and increased medical complexity have increased the workload and stress of nurses. As a result, the health of nurses is often negatively impacted.

Childhood obesity within the lens of racism.

Despite decades of research and a multitude of prevention and treatment efforts, childhood obesity in the United States continues to affect nearly 1 in 5 (19.3%) children, with significantly higher rates among Black, Indigenous, and People of Colour communities. This narrative review presents social foundations of structural racism that exacerbate inequity and disparity in the context of childhood obesity.

A Pilot Intervention Designed to Address Behavioral Factors That Place Overweight/Obese Young Children at Risk for Later-Life Obesity.

The purpose of this pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to intervene with parents of overweight/obese 4- to 8-year-old children to improve child internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Parent-child dyads ( N = 60) were randomly assigned to treatment or comparison conditions. Parents attended four intervention sessions at their child's primary health care office over 3 months.

Child Obesity and Mental Health: A Complex Interaction.

Prevalence rates of childhood obesity have risen steeply over the last 3 decades. Given the increased national focus, the frequency of this clinical problem, and the multiple mental health factors that coexist with it, make obesity a public health concern. The complex relationships between mental health and obesity serve to potentiate the severity and interdependency of each.

Automated Behavioral Text Messaging and Face-to-Face Intervention for Parents of Overweight or Obese Preschool Children: Results From a Pilot Study.

Background: Children are 5 times more likely to be overweight at the age of 12 years if they are overweight during the preschool period.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of a cognitive behavioral intervention (TEXT2COPE) synergized with tailored mobile technology (mHealth) on the healthy lifestyle behaviors of parents of overweight and obese preschoolers delivered in a primary care setting.

Methods: Fifteen preschooler-parent dyads recruited through primary care clinics completed a manualized 7-week cognitive behavioral skills building intervention.

Twelve-Month Effects of the COPE Healthy Lifestyles TEEN Program on Overweight and Depressive Symptoms in High School Adolescents.

Background: We evaluated the 12-month effects of the COPE (Creating Opportunities for Personal Empowerment) Healthy Lifestyles TEEN (Thinking, Emotions, Exercise, Nutrition) program versus an attention control program (Healthy Teens) on overweight/obesity and depressive symptoms in high school adolescents.

Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted. Participants were 779 culturally diverse adolescents in the US Southwest.

Correlates of Healthy Lifestyle Beliefs and Behaviors in Parents of Overweight or Obese Preschool Children Before and After a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention With Text Messaging.

Introduction: Significant gaps exist in the published literature regarding the treatment of overweight/obesity in preschool-aged children, especially in primary care settings. Parental influence plays an important factor in the development of healthy behaviors in children, yet there is no consensus about why some behavior change intervention strategies for parents of young children are more influential and effective than others.

Objective: The purpose of this secondary data analysis was to assess correlations among the study variables (healthy lifestyle beliefs, perceived difficulty, and healthy lifestyle behaviors) in parents of overweight/obese preschool children.

Preparing Leaders in Maternal-Child Health Nursing.

Objective: To describe leadership and patient outcomes from an international leadership development program undertaken by a nursing organization (Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing) in partnership with Johnson & Johnson Corporate Contributions to strengthen the leadership base of maternal-child bedside nurses.

Design: Pretest/posttest design with no control group program evaluation.

Setting: Health care facilities, academic institutions, and public health clinics.

Promoting healthy lifestyles in high school adolescents: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Although obesity and mental health disorders are two major public health problems in adolescents that affect academic performance, few rigorously designed experimental studies have been conducted in high schools.

Purpose: The goal of the study was to test the efficacy of the COPE (Creating Opportunities for Personal Empowerment) Healthy Lifestyles TEEN (Thinking, Emotions, Exercise, Nutrition) Program, versus an attention control program (Healthy Teens) on: healthy lifestyle behaviors, BMI, mental health, social skills, and academic performance of high school adolescents immediately after and at 6 months post-intervention.

Design: A cluster RCT was conducted.

The COPE healthy lifestyles TEEN randomized controlled trial with culturally diverse high school adolescents: baseline characteristics and methods.

Obesity and mental health disorders remain significant public health problems in adolescents. Substantial health disparities exist with minority youth experiencing higher rates of these problems. Schools are an outstanding venue to provide teens with skills needed to improve their physical and mental health, and academic performance.

The preliminary effects of a primary care-based randomized treatment trial with overweight and obese young children and their parents.

Introduction: Twenty-three percent of preschoolers are overweight/obese, which puts these children at risk for the development of chronic health comorbidities. The purpose of this randomized control pilot study was to determine the feasibility and preliminary effects of a theoretically based, primary care intervention on the physical outcomes of 60 overweight/obese preschool/early school-aged 4- to 8-year-old children.

Methods: After recruitment and baseline assessment, parent-child dyads were randomly assigned to either the treatment or the control condition.

Physical activity of young overweight and obese children: parent reports of child activity level compared with objective measures.

The purpose of this study was to compare objectively measured physical activity (PA) and parent-reported assessments of the children's PA in an overweight/obese child sample. A total of 67 child-parent dyads were recruited for study participation. Child anthropometric measures and parent-reported questionnaires were completed, and then PA was measured by accelerometers for 48 consecutive hours.

A parent-directed portion education intervention for young children: Be Beary Healthy.

Purpose: This pilot study aimed to determine the effects of an intervention on nutrition knowledge, food parents serve, and children's dietary intake.

Design And Methods: A single-group pre-/posttest design was used with 45 mothers and their 4- to 6-year-old children. After pretesting, parents received child nutrition information and portion-related activities.

A systematic review of the evidence: the effects of portion size manipulation with children and portion education/training interventions on dietary intake with adults.

Background: Evidence shows that 3-5-year-old children undergo important physical and behavioral changes that include being affected by the amount of food they are served, with larger portions of food served resulting in greater dietary intake. This may be a key finding as researchers continue to identify effective treatments for the growing number of preschool children who are overweight or obese. Knowledge of the effects of varying portion sizes on young children's dietary intake is important; however, because parents of young children control the manner in which children are fed, educating parents regarding the estimation of portion sizes is an approach worth exploring as a way to affect the trajectory of their young child's weight gain.

Exploring the meaning of excess child weight and health: shared viewpoints of Mexican parents of preschool children.

In the United States, the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has reached epidemic levels, with U.S. Hispanic children, a sub-group mainly composed of children of Mexican decent, disproportionately affected.

Improving the mental health, healthy lifestyle choices, and physical health of Hispanic adolescents: a randomized controlled pilot study.

Background: Obesity and mental health disorders are 2 major public health problems in American adolescents, with prevalence even higher in Hispanic teens. Despite the rapidly increasing incidence and adverse health outcomes associated with overweight and mental health problems, very few intervention studies have been conducted with adolescents to improve both their healthy lifestyles and mental health outcomes. Even fewer studies have been conducted with Hispanic youth.

Research evidence review and appraisal: pediatric central venous catheter care bundling.

Central venous catheters are integral to the care of acutely ill children, providing reliable vascular access for infusions, hemodynamic monitoring, and blood sampling. However, there are risks associated with their use, the most common of which is central line-associated blood stream infections. These infections result in increased lengths of stay, increased costs, and high mortality rates.

Pediatric nurse practitioners' assessment and management of childhood overweight/obesity: results from 1999 and 2005 cohort surveys.

Introduction: Recently, public and professional emphasis has been placed on addressing the increasing prevalence of childhood overweight.

Method: This survey study was conducted with two cohorts of pediatric nurse practitioners (N = 413) to explore differences in self-reported practice skills over time.

Results: Significant improvements in assessment, screening, and laboratory evaluations were reported, although reduced adherence to recommended psychosocial assessments was noted.

The effects of gender on the coping outcomes of young children following an unanticipated critical care hospitalization.

Purpose: A prior evaluation of the predictors of child coping outcomes following an unanticipated critical hospitalization revealed gender differences, which were explored in this study to examine patterns of behavioral change over time.

Design And Methods: Data from 163 mother-child (2-7 years) dyads were extracted for this study. Measures of child coping obtained 3 and 6 months following hospitalization included the Behavioral Assessment System for Children and the Post-Hospitalization Behavior Questionnaire.