The Effect of Calcium Hydroxide Pastes on Isolated Vital Nerve Fibers.

Introduction: Calcium hydroxide pastes (CHPs), commonly used for disinfecting root canals during endodontic treatment, are generally considered safe. However, accidental extrusions result in minimal injuries and little to no discomfort, except when extruded pastes come into contact with nerve bundles, such as the inferior alveolar nerve. Currently, there is a lack of information about the possible role of specific paste vehicles on the extent of nerve injury.

Reprint of: Jens Ove Andreasen, 1935-2020 Father of Dental Traumatology.

The life and professional contributions to dental traumatology of Dr Jens Ove Andreasen are described in terms of his research, writing, teaching, and leadership.

Factors Affecting the Removal Time of Separated Instruments.

Introduction: Separated endodontic instruments may adversely affect the outcome of endodontic treatment. The combination of ultrasonic techniques and dental operating microscopes appears to be effective in the removal of separated instruments compared with more randomized techniques. This study evaluated the roles of root canal curvature and separated instrument length on the time needed to loosen and retrieve the instrument fragments.

Effect of splinting times on the healing of intra-alveolar root fractures in 512 permanent teeth in humans: A Scandinavian multicenter study.

Background/aim: Long-term splinting of teeth with intra-alveolar root fractures has been considered important for the deposition of hard tissue between the root fragments. The aim of this study was to compare the healing outcomes in teeth with intra-alveolar root fractures relative to splinting times in three dental centers in Scandinavia, using historical data.

Materials And Methods: A total of 512 maxillary and mandibular incisors from three dental trauma centers were included in the study.

Jens Ove Andreasen, 1935-2020 Father of Dental Traumatology.

The life and professional contributions to dental traumatology of Dr. Jens Ove Andreasen are described in terms of his research, writing, teaching, and leadership.

Combined Root Canal Therapies in Multirooted Teeth with Pulpal Disease.

The types of pulpal disease found in multirooted teeth may vary from one root canal to the next. Current endodontic treatment strategies allow for options such as regenerative endodontics, vital pulp therapy, or conventional root canal treatment depending on the disease status of the pulp in a specific root canal. A combination of procedures was used in the 3 teeth in this case series based on the assumed pulpal status in each canal.

Dens evaginatus: Current treatment options.

Background: Teeth with dens evaginatus (DE) are more commonly observed in Western countries than previously. This is due to the increase in populations of patients of Asian origin, in whom DE is more common than in people of European origin. The interest in DE has also increased with the introduction of a procedure called regenerative endodontics.

Treatment options for permanent teeth with coronal one-third root fractures.

Background And Overview: Teeth with coronal one-third root fractures are considered to have a poor prognosis. Historically, such teeth were likely to be extracted. Observations have indicated that at least some teeth with such fractures can survive for a significant amount of time.

Traumatically Intruded Permanent Teeth: Three Case Reports and a Review of Current Recommendations.

Intrusion of permanent teeth is not extensively covered in the literature compared to other injuries. Treatment guidelines have been published and clinical data is accumulating to support the current recommendations, which are illustrated in the three cases here. This review evaluates the current information about management of traumatically intruded permanent teeth.

Comprehensive management of a complex traumatic dental injury.

A 24-year-old female patient presented with complaint of palatal swelling and a sinus tract facial to tooth #22. She reported an injury to the tooth 15 years earlier and no recollection of treatment, although there was evidence of an endodontic access into the crown. Radiographically the root appeared to have stopped developing, and it was associated with a large periapical lesion.

Dental trauma guidelines.

Guidelines have been developed for management of numerous medical and dental conditions. If carefully developed and based on best available evidence, they serve a very useful purpose in giving information in dealing with health problems to health care providers as well as patients. The history of trauma guidelines is quite limited, but the American Association of Endodontists has been involved since the 1980s.

Dental trauma guidelines.

Guidelines have been developed for management of numerous medical and dental conditions. If carefully developed and based on best available evidence, they serve a very useful purpose in giving information in dealing with health problems to health care providers as well as patients. The history of trauma guidelines is quite limited, but the American Association of Endodontists has been involved since the 1980s.

Pulp regeneration after non-infected and infected necrosis, what type of tissue do we want? A review.

Regeneration (revitalization) of infected necrotic pulp tissue has been an important issue in endodontics for more than a decade. Based on a series of case reports, there appears to be evidence that new soft tissue can enter the root canal with a potential for subsequent hard tissue deposition resulting in a narrowing of the root canal. Very little is presently known about the exact nature of this tissue growing into the canal and how it may behave in the long term.

Will mineral trioxide aggregate replace calcium hydroxide in treating pulpal and periodontal healing complications subsequent to dental trauma? A review.

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has over the last two decades begun to take the place of calcium hydroxide (CH) in the treatment of a variety of pulpal and periodontal healing complications following dental trauma. These conditions include teeth with: (i) exposed pulps, (ii) immature roots and pulp necrosis, (iii) root fractures and pulp necrosis located in the coronal part of the pulps, and (iv) external infection-related (inflammatory) root resorption. The main reasons for replacing CH with MTA in these situations have generally been the delayed effect when using CH to induce hard tissues, the quality of such induced hard tissues, and finally the dentin weakening effect of CH, which in some instances lead to cervical root fractures in immature teeth.

Trauma kits for the dental office.

The old Boy Scout's motto, "Be Prepared," can be beneficially applied to the management of dental trauma. A large number of dental injuries occur every year, primarily in the 7- to 15-year age group. Preserving the natural dentition during that time period is critically important, because tooth loss at an early age presents significant lifelong dental problems.

Revisiting traumatic pulpal exposure: materials, management principles, and techniques.

This article presents current concepts of managing teeth with traumatic pulp exposures. The article includes a description of the traumatology of crown fractures, discussion of treatment considerations, a summary of materials for vital pulp therapy, and an outline of techniques for treating pulp exposures.

Diagnostic terminology: report of an online survey.

Introduction: Diagnostic terminology used in endodontics has been based on historical use, textbook and glossary terms, best-available science, and personal conviction. There is minimal evidence that establishes an absolute set of terms that can be used to make a definitive diagnosis. As a component of the Consensus Conference on Diagnostic Terminology held in October 2008, an online survey was conducted to invitees to assess their opinions on diagnosis.

Direct pulp capping with mineral trioxide aggregate: an observational study.

Background: Pulp capping in carious teeth has been considered unpredictable and therefore contraindicated. A recently developed material, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), resists bacterial leakage and may provide protection for the pulp, allowing repair and continued pulp vitality in teeth when used in combination with a sealed restoration.

Methods: Forty patients aged 7 to 45 years accepted pulp-capping treatment when they received a diagnosis no more severe than reversible pulpitis after undergoing cold testing and radiographic examination.

Guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries. III. Primary teeth.

Trauma to the primary dentition present special problems and the management is often different as compared with permanent teeth. An appropriate emergency treatment plan is important for a good prognosis. Guidelines are useful for delivering the best care possible in an efficient manner.

Guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries. II. Avulsion of permanent teeth.

Avulsion of permanent teeth is the most serious of all dental injuries. The prognosis depends on the measures taken at the place of accident or the time immediately after the avulsion. Replantation is the treatment of choice, but cannot always be carried out immediately.

Guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries. I. Fractures and luxations of permanent teeth.

Crown fractures and luxations occur most frequently of all dental injuries. An appropriate treatment plan after an injury is important for a good prognosis. Guidelines are useful for delivering the best care possible in an efficient manner.

Comparison of fracture resistance in root canals of immature sheep teeth after filling with calcium hydroxide or MTA.

Thirty immature sheep incisor teeth were tested for their fracture resistance after various treatment modalities using calcium hydroxide (CH) or a mineral trioxide aggregate material (MTA) as a root filling. The incisors, having approximately 80% of their root growth completed, were removed from jaws of slaughtered sheep and divided into four experimental groups. The pulps were extirpated from all the teeth through the open apexes.

Traumatic intrusion of permanent teeth. Part 3. A clinical study of the effect of treatment variables such as treatment delay, method of repositioning, type of splint, length of splinting and antibiotics on 140 teeth.

A prospective study of 140 intruded permanent teeth was examined for the following healing complications: pulp necrosis (PN), root resorption (RR; surface, inflammatory and replacement resorption), and defects in marginal periodontal bone healing (MA). The occurrence of these healing complications was related to various treatment factors such as treatment delay, method of repositioning (i.e.