Root-knot nematode assessment: species identification, distribution, and new host records in Portugal.

Considered one of the most devastating plant parasitic nematodes worldwide, spp. (commonly known as the root-knot nematodes (RKNs)) are obligate sedentary endoparasites that establish in the roots, causing hyperplasia and hypertrophy of surrounding cells, triggering the formation of galls. These galls will affect root development and physiology, leading to substantial yield losses.

The Northern Root-Knot Nematode : New Host Records in Portugal.

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs), spp., are a group of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) of great economic significance worldwide. The northern root-knot nematode, , is one of the most important species of RKNs occurring in cold regions.

The Fight against Plant-Parasitic Nematodes: Current Status of Bacterial and Fungal Biocontrol Agents.

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are among the most notorious and underrated threats to food security and plant health worldwide, compromising crop yields and causing billions of dollars of losses annually. Chemical control strategies rely heavily on synthetic chemical nematicides to reduce PPN population densities, but their use is being progressively restricted due to environmental and human health concerns, so alternative control methods are urgently needed. Here, we review the potential of bacterial and fungal agents to suppress the most important PPNs, namely , , , spp.

-A Threat to Rice Production: Review Update on Distribution, Biology, Identification, and Management.

Rice ( L.) is one of the main cultivated crops worldwide and represents a staple food for more than half of the world population. Root-knot nematodes (RKNs), spp.

Species-Specific Molecular Detection of the Root Knot Nematode .

has been identified in various countries around the world parasitizing economically important crops and, due to its potential to cause serious damage to agriculture, was included in the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization Alert List in 2017. This species shares morphological and molecular similarities with and , and a group was therefore established. Although specific primers for the DNA amplification of species belonging to the group have been developed previously, the primers were not species-specific, so molecular markers for the specific detection of are still needed.

Integrative Morphometric and Molecular Approach to Update the Impact and Distribution of Potato Cyst Nematodes and (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) in Algeria.

Morphological and molecular studies were conducted to characterize the specific identity of 36 isolates of potato cyst nematodes (PCNs) recovered from soil samples collected in several potato producing areas of Algeria. Morphometric data revealed that 44% of isolates contained alone, 28% contained alone and 28% mixtures of the two species. Morphometric values of cysts and second-stage juveniles were generally distributed with slight differences in the expected ranges for both species.

First Detection of (Nematoda: Meloidogynidae) Parasitizing Potato in the Azores, Portugal.

Potato is the third most important crop in the world after rice and wheat, with a great social and economic importance in Portugal as it is grown throughout the country, including the archipelagos of Madeira and the Azores. The tropical root-knot nematode (RKN) is a polyphagous species with many of its host plants having economic importance and the ability to survive in temperate regions, which pose a risk to agricultural production. In 2019, was detected from soil samples collected from the council of Santo António in Pico Island (Azores).

Potato Cyst Nematodes: Geographical Distribution, Phylogenetic Relationships and Integrated Pest Management Outcomes in Portugal.

The identification and phylogenetic relationships of potato cyst nematodes (PCN) were studied to assess the potential value of geographical distribution information for integrated pest management of potato production in Portugal. This research focused on PCN species, and . From 2013 until 2019, 748 soil samples from the rhizosphere of different potato cultivars were surveyed in the Portuguese mainland to detect and identify both species and track their location.