Cumulative pain-related stress and developmental outcomes among low-risk preterm infants at one year corrected age.

Background: Extensive exposure of preterm infants to pain-related stress (PRS) at a time of physiological immaturity and rapid brain development may contribute to altered neurodevelopment.

Objective: To examine the relationship between early PRS and neurodevelopmental outcomes among low-risk very preterm infants at the age of one year corrected age (CA).

Methods: Participants included 107 infants born <32weeks gestational age (GA) and monitored prospectively at 12.

Green algal infection of American horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) exoskeletal structures.

Degenerative lesions in the dorsum of the horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) exoskeleton, eyes, arthrodial membrane, and base of the telson were documented in a population of wild caught laboratory animals. The disease can lead to loss of tissue structure and function, deformed shells, abnormal molting, loss of ocular structures, erosion of interskeletal membranes, and cardiac hemorrhage. Microscopy, histopathology, and in vitro culture confirmed the causative agent to be a green algae of the family Ulvaceae.

Foregoing life-sustaining treatment in an Israeli ICU.

Objective: To determine whether physicians in Israel withhold and/or withdraw life-sustaining treatments.

Design: A prospective, descriptive study of consecutively admitted patients. Patients were prospectively evaluated for diagnoses, types and reasons for foregoing life-sustaining treatment, mortality and times from foregoing therapy until mortality.

A Viral Disease of the Ivory Barnacle, Balanus eburneus, Gould (Crustacea, Cirripedia).

The known diseases of the Class Cirripedia are reviewed. A previously unreported viral disease of the ivory barnacle, Balanus eburneus is described. The results of light and electron microscopic examinations of viral-infected tissues of an ivory barnacle are reported.

A water-extractable toxic compound in vinyl upholstery fabric.

A compound, highly toxic to goldfish, was found to be released from a vinyl (polyvinyl chloride) automotive upholstery fabric when the material was immersed in their water. The compound, a flame retardant used in such material, was identified by specific detector gas chromatography and mass spectrometry as triphenyl phosphate. Fish exposed to the immersed fabric or pure triphenyl phosphate showed neurologic intoxication and extensive histopathologic lesions.

Caryospora cheloniae sp. n.: a coccidial pathogen of mariculture-reared green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas mydas).

Caryospora cheloniae sp. n. is described from mariculture-reared green sea turtles (Chelonia m.

Toxicity to fish of flame retardant fabrics immersed in their water. Part I.

A number of commercial and candidate flame retardants were studied with regard to their toxicity to fish when released from fabrics immersed in their water. Immersion of laundered or unlaundered flame retardant 100% polyester or polyester blend fabrics used in children's sleepwear in water containing goldfish resulted in release of the anticholin-esterase flame retardant TDBPP (tris (2, 3-dibromopropyl) phosphate) and death of all fish within 24 hours. TDBPP undergoes loss of HBr in water and production of a metabolite.

Vitamin E and selenium interrelations in the diet of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): gross, histological and biochemical deficiency signs.

Either simultaneous or separate dietary deficiencies of vitamin E and selenium in Atlantic salmon during first 4 weeks of feeding caused twice the mortality shown in fish fed both supplemental vitamin E (0.5 IU/g dry diet) and selenium (0.1 mug/g).