Epithelial defect repair in the auricle and auditory meatus by grafting with cultured adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell aggregate-extracellular matrix.

Background: Several patients experience persistent otorrhea after a flawless surgical procedure because of insufficient epithelial healing. Several efforts, such as autologous tissue allograft and xenograft, have been made to halt otorrhea. However, a stable technology to induce temporal epithelial repair is yet to be established.

The prenyl group contributes to activities of phytoestrogen 8-prenynaringenin in enhancing bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption in vitro.

Previous studies have found that 8-prenylflavonoids have a higher osteogenic activity than do flavonoids, which suggested that the 8-prenyl group may play an active role in bone-protective properties. To address this hypothesis, activities of 8-prenylnaringenin (PNG) and naringenin (NG) in osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and function were compared in vitro. PNG was found to have a stronger ability than NG to improve osteoblast differentiation and osteogenic function in cultured rat calvarial osteoblasts, as demonstrated by levels of alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin, calcium deposition, and the number and area of mineralized bone nodules, as well as mRNA expression of osteogenesis-related genes Bmp-2, OSX, and Runx-2.

Functions and action mechanisms of flavonoids genistein and icariin in regulating bone remodeling.

Increasingly natural products particularly flavonoids are being explored for their therapeutic potentials in reducing bone loss and maintaining bone health. This study has reviewed previous studies on the two better known flavonoids, genistein and icariin, their structures, functions, action mechanisms, relative potency, and potential application in regulating bone remodeling and preventing bone loss. Genistein, an isoflavone abundant in soy, has dual functions on bone cells, able to inhibit bone resorption activity of osteoclasts and stimulate osteogenic differentiation and maturation of bone marrow stromal progenitor cells (BMSCs) and osteoblasts.

[Effect of osthol on apoptosis and bone resorption of osteoclasts cultured in vitro].

This study is to investigate the effect of osthol on osteoclasts' activity, bone resorption as well as apoptosis in vitro, and explore the mechanism of osthol in preventing osteoporosis. Osteoclasts were separated from long-limb bones of new born rabbits, cultured in 24-well plate with glass slices and bone slices, and treated by 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) osthol. Osteoclasts were identified by observing live cells with phase contrast microscope, HE staining, TRAP staining and toluidine blue staining of bone resorption pits.

[Effect of isopsoralen on the proliferation and differentiate of osteoblasts in vitro].

Objective: To investigate the effect of isopsoralen on proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and calcification capacity of rat calvarial osteoblasts (ROB).

Methods: Segregated neonatal SD rat skull,and digestion with enzyme to obtain bone cells and cultured in MEM containing 10% FBS. Exchange the medium after three days, proceeded serial subcultivation when cells covered with 90% culture dish.

[The changes of iNOS and NO in the osteogenic differentiation process of rat bone marrow stromal cells promoted by icariside II].

This study is to investigate the effects on the expression of iNOS and production of NO in the osteogenic differentiation process of rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs) by icariside II. rBMSCs were cultured by adherence screening method. When the culture dishes were covered with 80% cells, the osteogenic induced cultures were adopted.

Osthol, a coumarin isolated from common cnidium fruit, enhances the differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts in vitro.

The effect of osthol on osteoblasts was investigated in primary osteoblastic cells isolated from newborn Wistar rats. Osthol was supplemented into cultured medium at 10⁻⁷, 10⁻⁶, 10⁻⁵ and 10⁻⁴ mol/l, respectively. No stimulating effect was found on cell proliferation, but 10⁻⁵ mol/l osthol caused a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity.

Effects of 50 Hz sinusoidal electromagnetic fields of different intensities on proliferation, differentiation and mineralization potentials of rat osteoblasts.

Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) have been used clinically to slow down osteoporosis and promote fracture healing for many years. However, the underlying action mechanisms and optimal parameters of the EMF applications are unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of treatment for different durations with 50 Hz sinusoidal electromagnetic fields (SEMFs) at different intensities on proliferation, differentiation and mineralization potentials of rat osteoblasts.

[Comparative study on the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal cells effected by icariin and icariside II].

Objective: To investigate the effects of icariin and it's main metabolites-icariside II on the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs).

Methods: rBMSCs were cultured by adherence screening method, icariin and icariside II were supplemented into the culture at 5 x 10(-5) mol/L respectively. The osteogenic differentiation markers including alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, CFU-F(ALp), osteocalcin secretion, calcium deposition and mineralized bone modulus were compared among the icariin-supplemented group, icariside II and the control.

Icariin is more potent than genistein in promoting osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in vitro.

There has been a strong interest in searching for natural therapies for osteoporosis. Genistein, an isoflavone abundant in soy, and icariin, a prenylated flavonol glycoside isolated from Epimedium Herb, have both been identified to exert beneficial effects in preventing postmenopausal bone loss. However, the relative potency in osteogenesis between the individual phytoestrogen flavonoids remains unknown.

[Effect of Osthol on the proliferation and differentiate of osteoblasts in vitro].

Objective: To investigate the effects of Osthol on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts of rats (rat calvarial osteoblasts, ROB) cultured in vitro.

Methods: The neonatal SD rat skull was segregated, and enzyme digestion was used to obtain bone cells which were cultured in MEM containing 10% FBS. The medium was changed every three days, and serial subcultivation was performed when cells covered with 90% of the culture dish.