Development of tetracycline analogues with increased aqueous stability for the treatment of mycobacterial infections.

Tetracycline analogs from the minocycline family have recently shown promise for the treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections. However, current tetracycline and minocycline therapeutics can be limited by tolerability, stability, or inactivation by TetX. In this study, a series of novel 9-heteroaryl substituted minocycline analogs were designed and synthesized, which resulted in analogs with good in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium abscessus, stability in water for more than 7 days, avoidance of TetX inactivation in M.

Licorice and dried ginger decoction inhibits inflammation and alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by targeting siglec-1.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease. Licorice and dried ginger decoction (LGD) is traditional Chinese medicine prescription with multiple effects. Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is the main bioactive components of LGD, which has been proven to have a relieving effect on various inflammatory diseases.

Corrigendum: Research progress of CD80 in the development of immunotherapy drugs.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.

[Bushen Huoxue Decoction regulates ADSCs-Exos to affect nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis and ERK signaling pathway in intervertebral disc degeneration].

This study aims to investigate the effects of Bushen Huoxue Decoction regulating adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)-exosomes(Exos) on the apoptosis of intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells(NPCs) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK) signaling pathway. Tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide(TBHP)-induced NPCs were divided into control, model, drug-containing serum, blank Exos, normal serum Exos, and drug-containing serum Exos groups. Cell viability and proliferation were examined by the CCK-8 assay and EdU staining, respectively.

Intelligent imaging technology applications in multidisciplinary hospitals: A systematic review.

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, its applications in medical imaging have become increasingly extensive. This review aimed to analyze the current development status and future direction of intelligent imaging technology by investigating its application in various medical departments. To achieve this, we conducted a comprehensive search of various data sources up to 2024, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, based on the principle of comprehensive search.

PCDHGA10 as a potential prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltration in gastric cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors and is associated with poor prognosis. To improve the prognosis of GC patients, an effective immune-related prognostic biomarker is urgent. Here, we aim to explore the correlation between the expression of procalcitonin gamma subfamily A, 10 (PCDHGA10) and clinicopathological characteristics, especially its relation with tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TILs) in GC.

Impacts of Vinyl Group on the Diffusion and Thermal Properties of Branched Silicon-Containing Arylacetylene Resins by Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

Branched-structure polyarylacetylene resins with low curing temperatures and excellent thermal stability are promising candidates for high-performance resin-matrix composites. In this work, the effects of different vinyl/acetylene group ratios on the thermal properties of star-shaped silicon-containing arylacetylene (SSA) resins and branched silicon-containing arylacetylene (BSA) resins were investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. The calculated interaction energies, diffusion behaviors, and glass transition temperatures () indicated that an increase in the vinyl/acetylene group ratio positively affected the rheological and thermal properties of the branched resins.

Preharvest Application of Exogenous 2,4-Epibrassinolide and Melatonin Enhances the Maturity and Flue-Cured Quality of Tobacco Leaves.

Tobacco () is a globally cultivated crop, with its quality closely associated with the color and chemical composition of cured tobacco leaves. In this experiment, the effects of spraying exogenous 2, 4-epibrassinolide (EBR) and melatonin (MT) on the development of tobacco leaves at maturity stage and the quality after curing were investigated. Both EBR and MT treatments significantly enhanced the appearance quality of tobacco leaves at the stem-drying stage.

Solvent Effects and Internal Functions Control Molecular Recognition of Neutral Substrates in Functionalized Self-Assembled Cages.

suite of internally functionalized FeL cage complexes has been synthesized with lipophilic end groups to allow dissolution in varied solvent mixtures, and the scope of their molecular recognition of a series of neutral, nonpolar guests has been analyzed. The lipophilic end groups confer cage solubility in solvents with a wide range of polarities, from hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) to tetrahydrofuran, and the hosts show micromolar affinities for neutral guests, despite having no flat panels enclosing the cavity. These hosts allow interrogation of the effects of an internal functional group on guest binding properties, as well as solvent-based driving forces for recognition.

The construction and validation of the novel nomograms for the risk prediction of prenatal depression: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Nomograms are superior to traditional multivariate regression models in the competence of quantifying an individual's personalized risk of having a given condition. To date, no literature has been found to report a quantified risk prediction model for prenatal depression. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of prenatal depression.

A bibliometric analysis of root canal irrigation: From laboratory to clinical practice.

The study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis on root canal irrigation to elucidate the development of this domain and pose the future research trends. Of 6722 articles retrieved from Clarivate Analytics' Web of Science Core Collection and PubMed, 6650 publications were included for bibliometric analysis. Irrigation field had received emerging attention for the last half century, peaking at 399 in 2022.

An AttSDNet model for multi-scale feature perception enhanced remote sensing classification of coastal salt-marsh wetlands.

Coastal salt-marsh wetlands have important ecological value, and play an important role in coastal blue carbon sink. However, under the influence of various external and natural factors, coastal wetland ecosystems worldwide have severely degraded, leading to biodiversity loss and ecological damage. Based on satellite remote sensing data and deep learning methods, it is an effective means to quickly monitor the spatial distribution of coastal wetlands, which is very important for the protection and restoration of coastal wetlands.

Exploring covalent organic frameworks as high-capacity and long-cycling anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

It is essential to advance the development of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) characterized by high specific capacity and extended cycle life. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as pivotal materials in achieving this objective due to their long-range ordered porous structures and ease of modification. In this work, we designed and synthesized two types of β-ketoenamine-linked COFs, namely TP-3J-COF and TP-3Q-COF, which incorporate multiple redox sites.

The gut microbiota-produced vitamin B6 mitigates alcohol-associated liver disease by attenuating hepatic oxidative stress damage.

Background: Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a major clinical issue characterized by progressive stages, including hepatic steatosis, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC. Patients with long-term chronic alcoholism often present with gut microbiota dysbiosis and reduced plasma levels of vitamin B6. This study aimed to verify that gut microbiota disruption in ALD significantly contributes to reduced in vivo production of vitamin B6 and to investigate the role of this reduction in the pathogenesis of ALD.

Frontiers in fluorescence imaging: tools for the sensing of disease biomarkers.

Fluorescence imaging has been recognized as a powerful tool for the real-time detection and specific imaging of biomarkers within living systems, which is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment evaluation of major diseases. Over the years, significant advancements in this field have been achieved, particularly with the development of novel fluorescent probes and advanced imaging technologies such as NIR-II imaging, super-resolution imaging, and 3D imaging. These technologies have enabled deeper tissue penetration, higher image contrast, and more accurate detection of disease-related biomarkers.

An injectable hydrogel loaded with Icariin attenuates cartilage damage in rabbit knee osteoarthritis via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic disease characterized by joint wear and cartilage degeneration. Current clinical treatments are based on symptomatic relief and are not effective in regenerating cartilage, and inflammation-induced cartilage damage accelerates the progression of osteoarthritis, making the protection of articular cartilage important for controlling the development of knee osteoarthritis. In this study, a biodegradable hydrogel (HA-Ca-Alg@Ica) loaded with Icariin (Ica) was prepared by in situ cross-linking of hyaluronic acid-calcium complex (HA-Ca) and sodium alginate (Alg-Na) for local sustained delivery of Ica.

Sintering Evolving MnO-LaMnO Perovskite Heterointerfaces as Highly Active and Durable Catalysts for Catalytic Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds.

Improving the catalyst performance for the thermal oxidation reaction faces the daunting challenge of the activity-stability trade-off. Herein, an evolved heterointerface was constructed on spherical MnO nanocatalysts to achieve exceptional stability while maintaining adequate activity by simply introducing La. The generation of the active MnO-MnO heterointerfaces by La doping was experimentally observed, which further segregates to the surface during thermal aging and forms epitaxially grown heterostructured LaMnO-MnO with Mn atoms.

Stretchable Full-Color Phosphorescent PVA-Based Ionogels for Multimodal Sensing-Visual Integration Applications.

Exploring ionogels with superior conductivity, mechanical properties, and long-lasting room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) offers considerable potential for new-generation optoelectronics. However, reports on ionogels remain limited owing to the contradiction between the flexibility required for stretching and the rigidity necessary for RTP and load-bearing within the same ionogels. Here, a facile strategy is reported to enhance the toughness and extend the RTP of ionogels by salting-out-induced microphase separation, which results in the formation of an IL-rich phase (soft) for stretching and ionic conduction and a polymer-rich phase (stiff) for energy dissipation and clustering-triggered phosphorescence.

Continuous collective analysis of chemical reactions.

The automated synthesis of small organic molecules from modular building blocks has the potential to transform our capacity to create medicines and materials. Disruptive acceleration of this molecule-building strategy broadly unlocks its functional potential and requires the integration of many new assembly chemistries. Although recent advances in high-throughput chemistry can speed up the development of appropriate synthetic methods, for example, in selecting appropriate chemical reaction conditions from the vast range of potential options, equivalent high-throughput analytical methods are needed.

Self-improving generative foundation model for synthetic medical image generation and clinical applications.

In many clinical and research settings, the scarcity of high-quality medical imaging datasets has hampered the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) clinical applications. This issue is particularly pronounced in less common conditions, underrepresented populations and emerging imaging modalities, where the availability of diverse and comprehensive datasets is often inadequate. To address this challenge, we introduce a unified medical image-text generative model called MINIM that is capable of synthesizing medical images of various organs across various imaging modalities based on textual instructions.

Mussel-inspired multi-bioactive microsphere scaffolds for bone defect photothermal therapy.

Hydrogel microspheres hold great promise as scaffolds for bone repair. Their hydrated matrix, biocompatibility, and functional properties make them an attractive choice in regenerative medicine. However, the irregularity of defect requires shape adaptability of the microspheres.

A new carbon allotrope with high carrier mobility and optical absorption.

Carbon atom has different bonding modes, which provides the possibility for the existence of multilayer carbon allotropes. Among these bonding modes, the sp hybrid bonding mode often causes atoms to be noncoplanar. This provides the possibility for the emergence of two-dimensional (2D) multilayer materials.

Ultrasound-Targeted β-Catenin Gene Therapy Improves the Cardiac Function in Mice After Myocardial Infarction.

Gene therapy has received great attention as a therapeutic approach to improve cardiac function post-myocardial infarction (MI), but its limitation lies in the lack of targeting. This study explored the use of ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) technique to deliver β-catenin gene to the myocardium, aiming to evaluate its efficacy in preventing cardiac dysfunction post-MI. A cationic microbubble solution containing β-catenin gene pcDNA3.

From anatomy to surgery: Effectiveness of virtual simulation adjuvant to traditional methods in the preclinical training of apicoectomy.

Anatomy forms the foundation for the training and execution of routine surgical procedures. However, a gap persists in effectively bridging anatomical knowledge with the confident performance of procedures. Virtual simulation (VS) techniques, based on experiential and situated learning theory, hold promise in addressing this challenge.

Trophic niche variation driven by water level fluctuations facilitates the co-occurrence of invasive tilapia species in a subtropical reservoir in China.

Investigating how multiple invasive fish species with similar ecological traits respond to different environmental conditions is crucial to understanding their successful invasion and coexistence. Here, we used stomach content analysis and stable isotope analysis to analyse the effects of water level fluctuation on the trophic niche plasticity of three dominant co-occurring invasive tilapia species (Coptodon zillii, Sarotherodon galilaeus, and Oreochromis niloticus) in the Shanmei Reservoir, southern China. We found that the tilapia species exhibited an iliophagous habit with dietary variations between the high-water (HW) and low-water (LW) level periods.