YY2 mediates transcriptional repression of PHGDH and expedites oxidative stress in retinal pigment epithelial cells in diabetic retinopathy.

Aims/introduction: Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), which controls serine synthesis, has been linked to retinal disease. However, there are no clues about its involvement in the diabetic retinopathy (DR) progression. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between PHGDH, serine synthesis, and DR and their underlying molecular mechanisms.

PtO nanoclusters on ultra-thin 2D MoC enhance hydrated cation interaction for superior alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction.

Platinum oxide (PtO) is regarded as an effective catalyst beyond platinum metal for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, slow kinetics and structural instability limit its wide application as alkaline electrocatalyst. Herein, PtO nanoclusters decorated ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) MoC with a Pt concentration of 0.

Microbial augmented aerobic composting for effective phthalates degradation in activated sludge.

Phthalate esters (PAEs) accumulated in activated sludge posed serious threats to agroecosystems and environment. Traditional aerobic (AE) and anaerobic (AN) composting were limited in achieving sustained PAEs degradation due to the single structure of microbial community. Here, the effectiveness and microbiological mechanisms of bacterial-augmented aerobic composting (AEB) in reducing activated sludge PAEs were investigated, with comparison of anaerobic composting (ANB).

LINC-PINT suppresses the progression of acute myeloid leukemia via miR-767-5p/SUZ12-mediated JAK/STAT signaling pathway.

Background: Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA, p53-induced transcript (LINC-PINT) has shown a crucial role in cancer cells. However, its function in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is unclear.

Methods: The expression levels of LINC-PINT and miR-767-5p in AML patients were measured through quantitative real-time PCR.

Uptake, translocation, and biotransformation of phthalate acid esters in crop plants: A comprehensive review.

Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) are prevalent emerging contaminants in agricultural environments. The uptake of PAEs by crop plants has attracted extensive attention due to the risks posed to human health through transfer in food chains. Despite its importance, the interaction between PAEs and crop plants remains poorly understood.

Developing a Prognostic Model for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Patients With Elevated Preoperative Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 Levels: Volume-Adjusted CA19-9 (VACA) as a Novel Biomarker.

Purpose: The predictive sensitivity of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in assessing the prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remains inadequate. Integrating CA19-9 with tumor volume offers a potentially viable strategy for improving prognostic accuracy. This study aimed to develop a prognostic model utilizing volume-adjusted CA19-9 (VACA) for ICC patients.

Oxyresveratrol as a novel ferroptosis inducer exhibits anticancer activity against breast cancer via the EGFR/PI3K/AKT/GPX4 signalling axis.

Introduction: Oxyresveratrol (ORes) exhibits significant anticancer activity, particularly against breast cancer. However, its exact mechanism of action (MOA) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacological activity and underlying MOA.

Mesenchymal stem cell-mediated adipogenic transformation: a key driver of oral squamous cell carcinoma progression.

Background: Interaction between mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells plays a major role in OSCC progression. However, little is known about adipogenic differentiation alteration in OSCC-derived MSCs (OSCC-MSCs) and how these alterations affect OSCC growth.

Methods: MSCs were successfully isolated and cultured from normal gingival tissue, OSCC peritumoral tissue, and OSCC tissue.

Analysis of Risk Factors for Hemorrhagic Transformation of Cerebral Infarction and Recurrence of Cerebral Infarction: A Retrospective Study on Cerebral Infarction Patients with or without Hemorrhagic Transformation.

Background: Acute ischemic stroke, especially hemorrhage cerebral infarction (HCI), resulted in the leading causes of mortality and long-term disability across populations. However, fewer researches have focused on the risk factors of first admission and recurrence of HCI.

Methods: The study included 1857 patients who underwent cerebral infarction with or without hemorrhagic transformation.

Rare and common genetic variants underlying the risk of Hirschsprung's disease.

Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a congenital enteric neuropathic disorder characterized by high heritability (>80%) and polygenic inheritance (>20 genes). The previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified several common variants associated with HSCR and demonstrated increased predictive performance for HSCR risk in Europeans using a genetic risk score, there remains a notable gap in knowledge regarding Chinese populations. We conducted whole exome sequencing in a HSCR case cohort in Chinese.

Mechanism and Experimental Study on the Recovery of Rare Earth Elements from Neodymium Iron Boron Waste Using the ZnF Fluorination Method.

We conducted a mechanistic and experimental study on zinc fluoride roasting for the recovery of NdFeB waste to address the difficulties faced during this pyrometallurgical recovery process, such as the high dependence on the quality of raw materials, the high energy consumption involved in roasting transformations, and the low added value of mixed rare earth products. Thermodynamic calculations showed the feasibility of fluorinating rare earths in NdFeB waste, and one-factor experiments were performed. The results showed that at a roasting temperature of 850 °C, a reaction time of 90 min, and 100% ZnF addition, the fluorination rate of rare earths could reach 95.

Discovery of Thiochroman Derivatives as Potent, Oral Selective Estrogen Receptor Degraders and Antagonists for the Treatment of Endocrine-Resistant Breast Cancer.

Selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) deplete the ER signaling pathway via antagonism and degradation of ERα and represent a promising strategy to tackle endocrine resistance. Here, we report a new class of SERDs by pharmacological evolution of a selective estrogen receptor modulator, lasofoxifene. The structure-activity relationship study and efforts to circumvent the issue of human ether-a-go-go-related gene led to the identification of compounds .

Accelerated spine MRI with deep learning based image reconstruction: a prospective comparison with standard MRI.

Rationale And Objectives: To evaluate the performance of deep learning (DL) reconstructed MRI in terms of image acquisition time, overall image quality and diagnostic interchangeability compared to standard-of-care (SOC) MRI.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study recruited participants between July 2023 and August 2023 who had spinal discomfort. All participants underwent two separate MRI examinations (Standard and accelerated scanning).

Enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic degradation via in-situ AIS/ZIS high-low junctions.

The I-III-VI QDs Ag-In-S (AIS) exhibits excellent properties in photocatalysis because of the adjustable band gap, wide light absorption range, and multiple active sites. Introducing homologous or heterogeneous ions not only derives the composition into quaternary/ quinary quantum dots but also generates new sulfide QDs to form composites, which is an effective strategy to promote photoactivity. In this work, we in-situ synthesized the AIS/ZIS (AgInS/ZnInS) composite photocatalyst by introducing Zn and changing the reaction temperature.

The correlation between stable angina and inflammatory factors and blood lipids: a case-control study.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to compare the levels of inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, CRP; procalcitonin, PCT) and blood lipids (total cholesterol, TC; triglyceride, TG; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C) between patients with stable angina and control group, and to explore the correlation between these parameters and the severity and prognosis of stable angina.

Methods: We retrospectively selected 113 patients with stable angina and 128 control group from the medical record system, and compared their inflammatory factors and blood lipids. We also assessed the severity of angina using the Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) classification and followed up the patients for 1 year to record any cardiovascular events.

TM9SF1 expression correlates with autoimmune disease activity and regulates antibody production through mTOR-dependent autophagy.

Background: Transmembrane 9 superfamily member 1 (TM9SF1) is involved in inflammation. Since both inflammatory and autoimmune diseases are linked to immune cells regulation, this study investigated the association between TM9SF1 expression and autoimmune disease activity. As B cell differentiation and autoantibody production exacerbate autoimmune disease, the signaling pathways involved in these processes were explored.

Hierarchical Ordered Mesoporous SrBiTiO Microflowers with Rich Oxygen Vacancies In Situ Assembled by Nanosheets for Piezo-Photocatalysis.

The Aurivillius phase layered perovskite ferroelectric material SrBiTiO (SBTO) exhibits spontaneous polarization and piezoelectric properties, which confer significant potential for piezo-photocatalysis. Its ability to enhance electron-hole separation while providing excellent fatigue resistance positions it as a promising candidate in this field. Defects were introduced to improve the structural polarization and photoelectrochemical properties of SBTO.

[Clinical Validation Study of Deep Learning-Generated Magnetic Resonance Images].

This research utilizes a deep learning-based image generation algorithm to generate pseudo-sagittal STIR sequences from sagittal T1WI and T2WI MR images. The evaluations include both subjective assessments by two physicians and objective analyses, measuring image quality through SNR and CNR in ROIs of five different tissues. Further analyses, including MAE, PSNR, SSIM, and COR, establish a strong correlation between the generated STIR sequences and the gold standard, with Bland-Altman analysis indicating pixel consistency.

In-situ hydrogen-generating injectable short fibers for osteoarthritis treatment by alleviating oxidative stress.

Hydrogen (H₂) has great potential in the treatment of osteoarthritis, but its rapid diffusion and short retention time make it difficult to exert stable therapeutic effects. This study developed a short-fiber injectable material that can continuously generate hydrogen in situ to eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS), alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation, and promote tissue repair. We prepared H-Si nanosheets with high hydrogen generation efficiency using a wet chemical exfoliation method and combined them with GelMA short fibers via electrospinning technology, achieving the in situ delivery of H-Si nanosheets and regulated hydrogen generation rate through the encapsulation and degradation of GelMA, ultimately achieving continuous and controlled hydrogen supply and stable therapeutic effects for osteoarthritis.

Polystyrene microplastics facilitate the chemical journey of phthalates through vegetable and aggravate phytotoxicity.

Polystyrene microplastics (PS) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) are emerging pollutants widely coexisting in agroecosystems. However, the efficacies of PS as carriers for DBP and their interactive mechanisms on crop safety remain scarce. Here, this study investigated the combined exposure effects and the interacting mechanisms of PS laden with DBP on choy sum (Brassica parachinensis L.

Accurate Prediction of Rat Acute Oral Toxicity and Reference Dose for Thousands of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives Based on Chemometric QSAR and Machine Learning.

Acute oral toxicity is currently not available for most polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), especially their derivatives, because it is cost-prohibitive to experimentally determine all of them. Here, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models using machine learning (ML) for predicting the toxicity of PAH derivatives were developed, based on oral toxicity data points of 788 individual substances of rats. Both the individual ML algorithm gradient boosting regression trees (GBRT) and the stacking ML algorithm (extreme gradient boosting + GBRT + random forest regression) provided the best prediction results with satisfactory determination coefficients for both cross-validation and the test set.

Simultaneous biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phthalates by bacterial consortium and its bioremediation for complex polluted soil and sewage sludge.

Simultaneous biodegradation of multiple micropollutantslike polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phthalates (PAEs) by microbial consortia remain unclear. Here, four distinct bacterial consortia capable of degrading PAHs and PAEs were domesticated from sludge and its composts. PAH-degrading consortium HS and PAE-degrading consortium EC2 displayed the highest degradation efficiencies for PAHs (37 %-99 %) and PAEs (98 %-99 %), respectively, being significantly higher than those of individual member strains.