Anatomical variations of interest for posterior nasal nerve cryotherapy in the treatment of chronic rhinitis: A radioanatomic study.

An unfavorable insertion of the middle turbinate for cryotherapy was present in 74.2% of cases. Placing cryoprobe 15-30 mm above the nasal floor targets the nerves in 95.

An antibody to RGMa promotes regeneration of cochlear synapses after noise exposure.

Auditory neuropathy is caused by the loss of afferent input to the brainstem via the components of the neural pathway comprising inner hair cells and the first order neurons of the spiral ganglion. Recent work has identified the synapse between cochlear primary afferent neurons and sensory hair cells as a particularly vulnerable component of this pathway. Loss of these synapses due to noise exposure or aging results in the pathology identified as hidden hearing loss, an initial stage of cochlear dysfunction that goes undetected in standard hearing tests.

[The infections of the ear].

In front of external otitis in spite of a well-conducted treatment, especially in immunodeficient patient, it is always necessary to look for an osteomyelitis of the skull base that requires an urgent parenteral antibiotic treatment of several weeks. Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common bacterial infection of the child. In children under 2 years with purulent AOM, antibiotic therapy with amoxicilline is systematic for a period of 8-10 days.