Density functional theory calculation for understanding the roles of biochar in immobilizing exchangeable Al and enhancing soil quality in acidic soils.

Soil acidification poses a significant threat to agricultural productivity and ecological balance. While lime is a common remedy, it can have limitations, including nutrient deficiencies and potential soil compaction. Therefore, exploring alternative and sustainable amendments is crucial.

CD14CD301b macrophages gathering as a proangiogenic marker in adipose tissues.

The role of the monocyte marker CD14 in the regulation of obesity is increasingly recognized. Our observations indicated that Cd14 mice exhibited a leaner body shape compared to their wild-type (WT) counterparts. And the loss of CD14 alleviated high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice.

Imaging comparative analysis of familial and sporadic gout in Chinese men by multijoint ultrasonography.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the imaging features of bilateral knees, ankles, and the first metatarsophalangeal joint using high-frequency ultrasonography in male patients with familial and sporadic primary gout and sought to elucidate the relationship between the presence of tophi and various clinical indicators.

Method: Male patients with primary gouty arthritis (GA) in the acute phase presenting to the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College from November 2020 to June 2022 were enrolled and classified into familial and sporadic gout groups. Comparative analyses of their clinical data and ultrasonographic imaging findings of the knees, ankles, and first metatarsophalangeal joints were performed between the groups.

Analysis of the key component puff-by-puff transport in special segments and aerosol for electrical heated tobacco product.

Understanding the puff-by-puff delivery mechanisms of key components of heated tobacco products is critical to developing product designs. This study investigates the puff-by-puff release patterns of key components in Natural Smoke Cigarettes (NSCs), which are designed to deliver nicotine without combustion by reducing oxygen content, utilizing a 30-s puff interval, a 2-s puff duration, and a 55 mL puff volume to simulate realistic smoking conditions. By establishing models to analyze the variation of nicotine, glycerol, 1,2-propylene glycol (PG), and water in different functional sections of the cigarette under controlled smoking conditions.

Ischemic Stroke and the Biological Hallmarks of Aging.

With the advent of an aging population, the study of aging and related research has been increasingly prominent, focusing on how to fully understand and delay aging-a key concern for contemporary medical professionals. Stroke is an acute focal neurological deficit. Globally, ischemic stroke accounts for only 60-70% of all strokes, meanwhile, it is the second leading cause of death.

I-Mediated Synthesis of 1,3,4-Oxa/thiadiazoles from Aroylhydrazide and Acetonitrile/Thioacetamide.

A facile and convenient metal-free direct oxidative amination of acetonitrile followed by cyclization with aroyl hydrazide for synthesizing oxadiazoles has been investigated. Disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles were obtained at 50-82% yields using readily available acetonitrile as both reagent and solvent. In addition, the reaction of aroyl hydrazides with thioacetamide and cyanothioacetamide afforded 5-methyl-2-aryl-1,3,4-thiadiazoles and 2-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-acetonitriles as the main products, respectively.

Angular Trajectory of the Vestibular Aqueduct in a Cohort of Chinese Patients with Unilateral Ménière's Disease: Association with Other Imaging Indices and Clinical Profiles.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the association between the angular trajectory of the vestibular aqueduct (ATVA) with other radiological parameters of temporal bone and clinical characteristics in patients with Ménière's disease (MD).

Methods: A total of 125 unilateral MD patients and 118 controls were enrolled. Computer tomography (CT)-based radiological parameters included ATVA, vestibular aqueduct (VA) visibility, VA morphology, the vertical part of the posterior semicircular canal-the posterior fossa distance (PPD), and peri-VA pneumatization.

Meta-Analysis of the Therapeutic Effects of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Rodent Models of Hemorrhagic Stroke.

Background: Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (SCEVs) have emerged as a potential therapy for hemorrhagic stroke. However, their effects are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the effects of SCEVs therapy in rodent models of hemorrhagic stroke, including subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Insights into preeclampsia: a bioinformatics approach to deciphering genetic and immune contributions.

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a global pregnancy concern, characterized by hypertension with an unclear etiology. This study employs Mendelian randomization (MR) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to clarify its genetic and molecular roots, offering insights into diagnosis and treatment avenues.

Methods: We integrated PE-specific genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, expression and protein quantitative trait loci (eQTL and pQTL) data, and single-cell data from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Therapeutic potential of microglia-derived extracellular vesicles in ischemic stroke.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a debilitating neurological disorder with limited treatment options. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as crucial lipid bilayer particles derived from various cell types that facilitate intercellular communication and enable the exchange of proteins, lipids, and genetic material. Microglia are resident brain cells that play a crucial role in brain development, maintenance of neuronal networks, and injury repair.

Application value of real-time shear wave elastography in the diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of venous thrombosis.

Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limbs is a venous reflux disorder caused by abnormal coagulation of blood components, primarily characterised by swelling and pain in the lower limbs. Key risk factors include prolonged immobility due to bed rest, pregnancy, postpartum or postoperative states, traumas, malignant tumours and long-term contraceptive use.

Objective: To investigate the application of real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) in diagnosing lower-limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

Gut microbiota-astrocyte axis: new insights into age-related cognitive decline.

With the rapidly aging human population, age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. Aging is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, and the functions of astrocytes. The microbiota-gut-brain axis has been the focus of multiple studies and is closely associated with cognitive function.

Assessing usability of intelligent guidance chatbots in Chinese hospitals: Cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aimed to assessing usability of intelligent guidance chatbots (IGCs) in Chinese hospitals.

Methods: A cross-sectional study based on expert survey was conducted between August to December 2023. The survey assessed the usability of chatbots in 590 Chinese hospitals.

A correlation study of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors as potential therapeutic targets for breast cancer.

Background: Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs), a distinctive subset of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, play crucial roles in various physiological and pathological processes, with implications in tumor development. Despite the global prevalence of breast cancer (BRCA), specific aGPCRs as potential drug targets or biomarkers remain underexplored.

Methods: UALCAN, GEPIA, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, MethSurv, cBiopportal, String, GeneMANIA, DAVID, Timer, Metascape, and qPCR were applied in this work.

Predictive value of thrombin-antithrombin III complex and tissue plasminogen activator-inhibitor complex biomarkers in assessing the severity of early-stage acute pancreatitis.

Background And Aim: The development of acute pancreatitis (AP) is strongly linked to blood clotting and fibrinolysis issues. Modern clinical practices now utilize advanced blood markers like thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), plasmin-α2-plasmin inhibitor complex, thrombomodulin (TM), and tissue plasminogen activator-inhibitor complex (t-PAIC) to assess thrombosis risk. Our study used a highly sensitive chemiluminescence technique to measure these markers in AP patients, aiming to determine their early predictive value for AP severity.

Identification of toll-like receptor 2 as a key regulator of neuronal apoptosis in vascular dementia by bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.

Background: Vascular dementia (VaD), the second most prevalent type of dementia, lacks a well-defined cause and effective treatment. Our objective was to utilize bioinformatics analysis to discover the fundamental disease-causing genes and pathological mechanisms in individuals diagnosed with VaD.

Methods: To identify potential pathogenic genes associated with VaD, we conducted weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), differential expression analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis.

The clinical significance of TAT, PIC, TM, and t-PAIC in vascular events of BCR/ABL-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Predicting the likelihood vascular events in patients with BCR/ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) is essential for the treatment of the disease. However, effective assessment methods are lacking. Thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), plasmin-α- plasmininhibitor complex (PIC), thrombomodulin (TM), and tissue plasminogen activator-inhibitor complex (t-PAIC) are the new direct indicators for coagulation and fibrinolysis.

Comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of inflammatory age-clock-related genes as prognostic and immunity markers based on multi-omics data.

Inflammatory age (iAge) is a vital concept for understanding the intricate interplay between chronic inflammation and aging in the context of cancer. However, the importance of iAge-clock-related genes (iAge-CRGs) across cancers remains unexplored. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms and applications of these genes across diverse cancer types.

CSF1R blockade slows progression of cerebral hemorrhage by reducing microglial proliferation and increasing infiltration of CD8Â +Â CD122+ T cells into the brain.

Microglia play a pivotal role in the neuroinflammatory response after brain injury, and their proliferation is dependent on colony-stimulating factors. In the present study, we investigated the effect of inhibiting microglia proliferation on neurological damage post intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in a mouse model, an aspect that has never been studied before. Using a colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor antagonist (GW2580), we observed that inhibition of microglia proliferation significantly ameliorated neurobehavioral deficits, attenuated cerebral edema, and reduced hematoma volume after ICH.