Publications by authors named "Lei Liu"

Stroke is a major cause of disability for adults over 40 years of age. While research into animal models has prioritized treatments aimed at diminishing post-stroke damage, no studies have investigated the response to a severe stroke injury in a highly regenerative adult mammal. Here we investigate the effects of transient ischemia on adult spiny mice, Acomys cahirinus, due to their ability to regenerate multiple tissues without scarring.

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In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), lenvatinib is a key first-line treatment that significantly improves survival in some patients with advanced stage. However, lenvatinib resistance presents a major clinical challenge. This study aims to identify key molecular factors driving lenvatinib resistance in HCC and propose intervention strategies to overcome this resistance, thereby enhancing therapeutic efficacy.

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Radiotherapy (RT) induced abscopal effect has garnered substantial attention, nevertheless, it is rarely observed in clinics, due to the tumor hypoxia-related radioresistance, inadequate immune stimulation, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Herein, we construct a radiotherapy-immunomodulated nanoplatform (THUNDER), which synergizes with RT and greatly triggers the generation of both hypoxic and normoxic tumor cells-derived tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), resulting in robust abscopal effect and sustained immune memory. THUNDER exhibits prolonged blood circulation and high tumor retention capacity.

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Adsorbate free energies are important parameters in surface chemistry and catalysis. Because of its simplicity, the harmonic oscillator (HO) model remains the most widely used method for calculating adsorbate free energy in many fields, including microkinetic modeling. However, it is well-known that the HO method is ineffective for weak adsorption.

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Background: Gastric cancer (GC), a prevalent and deadly malignancy, demonstrates poor survival outcomes. Evidence has emerged indicating that disruptions in endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis are significantly implicated in the onset and progression of various oncological conditions. This study was designed to construct a prognostic model based on genes related to endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS) to predict survival outcomes in patients with GC.

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Background: Mongolian cattle, a unique breed indigenous to China, represent valuable genetic resources and serve as important sources of meat and milk. However, there is a lack of high-quality genomes in cattle, which limits biological research and breeding improvement.

Findings: In this study, we conducted whole-genome sequencing on a Mongolian bull.

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Sensitive and accurate miRNA detection is important in cancer diagnosis but remains challenging owing to the essential features of miRNAs, such as their small size, high homology, and low abundance. This work proposes a novel electrochemical (EC)-enhanced quantum sensor achieving quantitative detection of miRNA-155 with simultaneous EC sensing. Specifically, fluorescent nanodiamonds/MXene nanocomposites were synthesized and modified with dual-mode signal labels, enabling miRNA-155 concentration measurement via relaxation time of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers and EC signals.

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Microfluidic devices offer promising solutions for automating various biological and chemical procedures. Epoxy resin, known for its excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and thermal stability, is widely used in high-performance microfluidic devices. However, the poor printability of epoxy has limited its application in 3D printing technologies for fabricating epoxy-based microfluidic devices.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to investigate how moxibustion can alleviate inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by influencing ferroptosis and lipid metabolism.
  • Researchers used 48 rats divided into four groups (normal, model, moxibustion, and moxibustion with an ACSL4 inhibitor) to assess moxibustion's effects over 15 days using various biochemical and histological techniques.
  • Results showed that moxibustion significantly improved antioxidant levels and reduced inflammatory markers in the rats, indicating its potential as a treatment for RA-related synovitis.
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Purpose: This study analyzed the relation of energy and macronutrient intake at dinner versus breakfast with the risk of hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy).

Methods: Up to 12,474 adults, in which 1,387 with Hhcy, completed a questionnaire about energy and macronutrient intake in the National Health and Nutrition Examination. The differences (Δ) in that between dinner and breakfast (Δ = dinner - breakfast) were categorized into quartiles.

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Over the past two decades, synthetic FFAR1 agonists such as TAK-875 and TSL1806 have undergone meticulous design and extensive clinical trials. However, due to issues primarily related to hepatotoxicity, no FFAR1 agonist has yet received regulatory approval. Research into the sources of hepatotoxicity suggests that one potential cause lies in the molecular structure itself.

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Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) often occurs in the elderly, with approximately 33% of patients aged ≥ 75 years at the time of diagnosis.

Aim: To evaluate the prognostic factors for radiotherapy (RT) in elderly patients with unresectable EC.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics, toxic reactions, and survival information of EC patients aged ≥ 75 years who underwent intensity-modulated RT at Lu'an Hospital of Anhui Medical University between January 2016 and September 2023.

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Introduction/objectives: Several observational investigations have observed the possible links between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and metabolic dysfunction associated with fatty liver disease (MAFLD), yet the underlying causal relationships remain undetermined. This study aimed to systemically infer the causal associations between AD and MAFLD by employing a bidirectional network two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods: Genome-wide significant (P < 5 × 10) genetic variants associated with AD and MAFLD were selected as instrumental variables (IVs) from the consortium of FinnGen, MRC-IEU, UK biobank, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), respectively.

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Background: Minimally invasive surgeries are increasingly central to modern medicine, particularly in liver transplantation. These techniques, which offer reduced trauma, precise operations, minimal bleeding, and swift recovery, are, however, unevenly adopted across China. Only a limited number of centers routinely perform minimally invasive donor hepatectomies, indicating a significant imbalance in the development and application of these advanced procedures.

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BACKGROUND Choroid plexus tumors (CPTs) are rare brain tumors that originate from the choroid plexus epithelium and range from low-grade papillomas to overtly malignant carcinomas, and can occur in newborns. According to the World Health Organization's histological classification, atypical choroid plexus papilloma (aCPP) is an intermediate-grade (Grade II) lesion characterized by an increased mitotic rate. It is difficult to distinguish CPTs on imaging during the early stages.

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Article Synopsis
  • Overbiopsy is a significant concern in prostate cancer diagnostics, prompting the development of a new urine tumor DNA algorithm called utLIFE to help avoid unnecessary procedures.
  • In clinical tests with a training group and a validation cohort, the utLIFE-PC model demonstrated high accuracy with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.967 and 0.929, respectively, along with strong sensitivity and specificity.
  • The model outperforms traditional prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests and other single-dimensional biomarkers, highlighting its potential to enhance prostate cancer diagnostics and reduce unnecessary biopsies.
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Parental living environment significantly impacts on offspring, yet related studies are lacking in livestock and poultry production. The present study found that lipopolysaccharide (LPS, Escherichia coli, 0.2 mg/kg) stimulation in F0 hens led to growth retardation and a decrease in egg-laying rate in the unchallenged F1 hens.

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Background And Objectives: Randomized trials have proven the benefit of endovascular therapy (EVT) for acute large ischemic stroke. This study was to characterize the effect of time to treatment on benefit of EVT vs medical management (MM) among patients with large ischemic stroke.

Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of the Endovascular Therapy in Acute Anterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusive Patients with a Large Infarct Core randomized trial.

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Transformer-based technology has attracted widespread attention in medical image segmentation. Due to the diversity of organs, effective modelling of multi-scale information and establishing long-range dependencies between pixels are crucial for successful medical image segmentation. However, most studies rely on a fixed single-scale window for modeling, which ignores the potential impact of window size on performance.

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Purpose: To determine the rate of visual field (VF) loss before and after the diagnosis of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (OHTS).

Design: Pre-specified analyses of data collected prospectively in a clinical trial with extended follow-up.

Setting And Participants: Participants who developed POAG during OHTS 1 and 2 (February 1994 to December 2008) constitute an inception cohort.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Supervised AI techniques can identify vegetation but rely on labeled datasets that are costly and time-consuming to create, leading to issues with accuracy when applied to new environments.
  • * This study introduces an unsupervised classification method that significantly reduces the need for manual annotation, achieving high accuracy in identifying underwater vegetation while utilizing innovative techniques like dimensionality reduction and a voting mechanism, making it more efficient and scalable.
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  • The RIME algorithm, inspired by rime ice physics, initially aimed to predict outcomes but had limitations in feature selection; improvements were made to create the DDRIME algorithm, which includes a foraging mechanism and better crossover techniques.
  • In testing, DDRIME showed excellent performance in identifying key indicators like chronic heart failure and D-dimer, achieving over 98% accuracy in predicting outcomes for AECOPD patients on mechanical ventilation.
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Synopsis of recent research by authors named "Lei Liu"

  • - Lei Liu's recent research spans diverse fields, including advanced spectroscopy and deep learning for agricultural product identification, novel materials for lithium-ion battery anodes, and metabolic pathways associated with liver disease and anxiety, showcasing a strong emphasis on innovation and application-driven science.
  • - Liu's studies reveal a significant correlation between dietary protein and hepatic lipogenesis, indicating amino acids as key carbon sources, alongside findings on the impact of chronic glucose exposure on keratinocyte behavior in diabetic wound healing.
  • - Additional investigations address environmental challenges such as nitrogen management in agriculture for improved air quality, the effects of chronic chromium exposure on esophageal cancer pathways, and the implications of micropollutants in urban atmospheres, highlighting an overall commitment to addressing pressing societal and health issues through multidisciplinary approaches.