Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Safety Evaluation of the Novel HIF-PH Inhibitor Enarodustat: An Open-Label Phase I Study in Healthy Chinese Participants.

Background And Objectives: Enarodustat is a hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor. We evaluated the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety profile of domestic enarodustat (SAL-0951) and analyzed the influence of ethnic factors.

Methods: In this phase I study, healthy Chinese participants received single and multiple oral doses (1, 5, and 15 mg) of SAL-0951 while in a fasted state.

MSTNet: Multi-scale spatial-aware transformer with multi-instance learning for diabetic retinopathy classification.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the leading cause of vision loss among diabetic adults worldwide, underscores the importance of early detection and timely treatment using fundus images to prevent vision loss. However, existing deep learning methods struggle to capture the correlation and contextual information of subtle lesion features with the current scale of dataset. To this end, we propose a novel Multi-scale Spatial-aware Transformer Network (MSTNet) for DR classification.

Discovery of potent, highly selective, and orally bioavailable factor XIa inhibitors for anticoagulant therapy.

Factor XIa (FXIa) has emerged as a promising target for novel anticoagulant development since inhibiting it can reduce thrombosis without significant bleeding risks. Despite a few FXIa inhibitors entering clinical trials, none have been approved for the market yet. Here, we present highly selective and orally bioavailable FXIa inhibitors derived from compound 1, 4-(5-chloro-2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)phenyl)-5-methoxypyridin-2(1H)-one.

High-Resolution Measurements of Multi-Isotopic Signatures (δN, δO, and ΔO) of Winter NO in a Megacity in Central China.

Isotopic compositions (δN, δO, and ΔO) of nitrogen dioxide (NO) are crucial proxies for elucidating the sources and transformations of atmospheric NO, yet observations remain scarce. Here, we reported high-resolution (2 h interval) measurements of NO isotopic compositions in a megacity in Central China. ΔO(NO) exhibited a clear diurnal cycle with elevated values during the day versus night.

Century-long West Antarctic snow accumulation changes induced by tropical teleconnections.

Ice core measurements reveal dipole-like snow accumulation trends over West Antarctica throughout the 20th century, with an increase of >2000 billion metric tons over the Antarctic Peninsula and Ellsworth Land but a decrease of ~500 billion metric tons over Marie Byrd Land. Although atmospheric teleconnections were frequently revealed, linking variability between tropics and higher latitudes on interannual and decadal timescales, centennial-scale teleconnection is absent from literature. Here, using statistical analysis and numerical experiments, we reveal that changes of tropical oceans throughout the 20th century drive the long-term Antarctic snowfall trend.

Relationship between Abnormal Lipid Metabolism and Gallstone Formation.

Cholelithiasis is a common biliary system disease with a high incidence worldwide. Abnormal lipid metabolism has been shown to play a key role in the mechanism of gallstones. Therefore, recent research literature on the genes, proteins, and molecular substances involved in lipid metabolism during the pathogenesis of gallstones has been conducted.

A non-local dual-stream fusion network for laryngoscope recognition.

Purpose: To use deep learning technology to design and implement a model that can automatically classify laryngoscope images and assist doctors in diagnosing laryngeal diseases.

Materials And Methods: The experiment was based on 3057 images (normal, glottic cancer, granuloma, Reinke's Edema, vocal cord cyst, leukoplakia, nodules and polyps) from the dataset Laryngoscope8. A classification model based on deep neural networks was developed and tested.

MGT: Machine Learning Accelerates Performance Prediction of Alloy Catalytic Materials.

The application of deep learning technology in the field of materials science provides a new method for predicting the adsorption energy of high-performance alloy catalysts in hydrogen evolution reactions and material discovery. The activity and selectivity of catalytic materials are mainly influenced by the properties and positions of active sites and adsorption sites. However, current deep learning models have not sufficiently focused on the importance of active atoms and adsorbates, instead placing more emphasis on the overall structure of the catalytic materials.

The ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is associated with diabetic kidney disease: A cross-sectional study.

Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio (NHHR) is a significant indicator of atherosclerosis. However, its association with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains unclear. This study aims to explore the relationship between NHHR and the prevalence of DKD among the U.

Defect-Enabled Superior Negative Thermal Quenching in Palmierite BaLa(VO):Eu for WLED In Situ Temperature Measuring.

Negative thermal quenching (NTQ) of the phosphors is critically important for both scientific research and practical applications, but the design of efficient NTQ phosphors is still a challenging task. Herein, we report a new strategy for developing NTQ materials by cation-vacancy engineering. Specifically, a new color-tunable BaLa(VO):Eu (BLVO:Eu) phosphor with abundant intrinsic cation vacancy was developed, exhibiting superior NTQ behavior under 365 nm excitation.

Anal canal duplication with heterotopic gastric mucosa and anal stenosis: first case report and literature review.

Introduction: Anal canal duplication (ACD) is a rare entity of gastrointestinal duplication that may be asymptomatic or present complications, such as abscess, fistulae, or malignant changes. The diagnosis and rational management of ACD still need to be clarified.

Case Presentation: We present a case of an 18-month-old girl with intractable perianal erosion and painful bowel movements for one year, and chronic constipation for six months.

Label-Aware Dual Graph Neural Networks for Multi-Label Fundus Image Classification.

Fundus disease is a complex and universal disease involving a variety of pathologies. Its early diagnosis using fundus images can effectively prevent further diseases and provide targeted treatment plans for patients. Recent deep learning models for classification of this disease are gradually emerging as a critical research field, which is attracting widespread attention.

Graph Neural Networks With Adaptive Confidence Discrimination.

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have demonstrated remarkable success for semisupervised node classification. However, these GNNs are still limited to the conventionally semisupervised framework and cannot fully leverage the potential value of large numbers of unlabeled samples. The pseudolabeling method in semisupervised learning (SSL) is widely recognized because it can clearly leverage unlabeled samples.

The impact of a lung-protective ventilation mode using transpulmonary driving pressure titrated positive end-expiratory pressure on the prognosis of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of a lung-protective ventilation strategy utilizing transpulmonary driving pressure titrated positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on the prognosis [mechanical ventilation duration, hospital stay, 28-day mortality rate and incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), survival outcome] of patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).

Methods: A total of 105 ARDS patients were randomly assigned to either the control group (n = 51) or the study group (n = 53). The control group received PEEP titration based on tidal volume [A tidal volume of 6 mL/kg, flow rate of 30-60 L/min, frequency of 16-20 breaths/min, constant flow rate, inspiratory-to-expiratory ratio of 1:1 to 1:1.

Composite dietary antioxidant index is associated with renal anemia: a cross-sectional study.

An increasing evidence suggested that chronic kidney disease (CKD) is closely related to oxidative stress, and dietary antioxidant intake can serve as a primary preventive measure for CKD. However, the relationship between composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) and renal anemia is not well understood. We postulated that elevated CDAI levels would be inversely related to a higher likelihood of renal anemia.

Multi-omics analysis reveals a crosstalk between ferroptosis and peroxisomes on steatotic graft failure after liver transplantation.

To identify the mechanism underlying macrosteatosis (MaS)-related graft failure (GF) in liver transplantation (LT) by multi-omics network analysis. The transcriptome and metabolome were assayed in graft and recipient plasma in discovery ( = 68) and validation ( = 89) cohorts. Differentially expressed molecules were identified by MaS and GF status.

Clinical features and treatment of heterotopic pancreas in children: a multi-center retrospective study.

Objective: Heterotopic pancreas, an uncommon condition in children, can present with diagnostic and treatment challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features and treatment options for this disorder in pediatric patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis, including patients diagnosed with heterotopic pancreas at four tertiary hospitals between January 2000 and June 2022.

Identification and treatment of intestinal malrotation with midgut volvulus in childhood: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Intestinal malrotation is a rare condition, and its delayed diagnosis can lead to fatal consequences. This study aimed to investigate the identification and treatment of malrotation in children.

Methods: Clinical data, imaging, operative findings, and early postoperative outcomes of 75 children with malrotation were retrospectively analyzed.

A dual strategy of Na/vacancy disorder and high Na to construct a P2-type cathode for high-stability sodium-ion batteries.

P2-type layered oxides are widely regarded as highly promising contenders for cathode materials in sodium-ion batteries. However, the occurrence of severe reactive phase transitions hinders satisfactory cycling stability and rate performance, thereby imposing limitations on their practical application. Here we prepared P2-type NaNiMgMnO cathode materials using the agar gel approach.

Non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head induced by steroid and alcohol exposure is associated with intestinal flora alterations and metabolomic profiles.

Objective: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a severe disease that primarily affects the middle-aged population, imposing a significant economic and social burden. Recent research has linked the progression of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (NONFH) to the composition of the gut microbiota. Steroids and alcohol are considered major contributing factors.

Topology Optimization Method of Stamping Structures Based on the Directional Density Field.

The stamping process produces thin-walled structures that, in general, have uniform wall thickness and no enclosed cavity. However, it is difficult to satisfy the above geometric requirements with the current density-based topology optimization method, since configuring the related geometric constraints is challenging. In order to solve this problem, a topology optimization method for stamping structures based on a directional density field is proposed.