Post-polyploidization centromere evolution in cotton.

Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) accounts for more than 90% of the world's cotton production and, as an allotetraploid, is a model plant for polyploid crop domestication. In the present study, we reported a complete telomere-to-telomere (T2T) genome assembly of Upland cotton accession Texas Marker-1 (T2T-TM-1), which has a total size of 2,299.6 Mb, and annotated 79,642 genes.

The Isolation and Identification of sp. H27, a Bacterial Strain Pathogenic to .

Bacterial infection is frequently observed in disease outbreaks of aquatic animals, making it of significance to isolate and identify the bacterial pathogens. In this study, diseased individuals of were sampled from the nearshore area in Zhanjiang, Guangdong in May 2023. Culturable bacteria were isolated from the diseased tissue and a pathogenic strain labeled as H27 was screened through a hemolysis test and bacterial challenge experiments.

18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid improves pulmonary hypertension by regulating the vascukar non-inflammatory molecule-1/L-arginine/nitric oxide signaling pathway.

Purpose: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive cardiopulmonary disease characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and resistance. 18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (18β-GA), a major bioactive component in Glycyrrhiza glabra L., exhibits various pharmacological activities.

National urinary metabolites of organophosphate flame retardants in urban Chinese residents.

Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are extensively added to household products for fire safety. However, little is understood about the national scale of human exposure levels and the factors influencing OPFRs in developing countries. In this study, five metabolites of OPFRs (mOPFRs) were determined for the first time in the urine of 1184 general population in 26 provincial capitals of mainland China.

Silver-mediated formal [4π + 2] cycloaddition reactions of bicyclobutanes with nitrile imines: access to 2,3-diazobicyclo[3.1.1]heptenes.

Despite recent advances in the synthesis of aza-bicyclo[3.1.1]heptanes (aza-BCHeps, which have an sp-hybridized nitrogen atom) and azabicyclo[3.

Stochastically Broken Inversion Symmetry of Van der Waals Topological Insulator for Nanoscale Physically Unclonable Functions.

Owing to the exotic state of quantum matter, topological insulators have emerged as a significant platform for new-generation functional devices. Among these topological insulators, tetradymites have received significant attention because of their van der Waals (vdW) structures and inversion symmetries. Although this inversion symmetry completely blocks exotic quantum phenomena, it should be broken down to facilitate versatile topological functionalities.

Does Transglutaminase Crosslinking Reduce the Antibody Recognition Capacity of β-Lactoglobulin: An Analysis from Conformational Perspective.

Food allergies are a global concern, with β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) in bovine milk being a major allergenic protein. This study investigated the effects of transglutaminase (TGase)-mediated crosslinking on the antibody recognition capacity (ARC) and structural properties of β-LG, with the aim of developing hypoallergenic dairy products. β-LG solutions were treated with TGase at varying concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 U/g) and durations (0, 6, 18, 24, and 42 h), followed by analysis using electrophoresis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and spectroscopy.

Transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches reveal the physiological and biochemical alleviation mechanisms of silicon on aluminum stress in Juglans sigillata.

Juglans sigillata, an endemic species in China, serves as a vital local economic resource. Aluminum (Al) stress caused by soil acidification can potentially threaten the growth of J. sigillata.

A Scoping Review of Rho Kinase Inhibitors and their Role in Glaucoma Treatment.

Objective: The purpose of this scoping review is to provide researchers with a comprehensive knowledge map and identify existing knowledge gaps.

Introduction: Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. ROCK inhibitors are a novel class of intraocular pressure-lowering drugs that specifically target trabecular meshwork cells.

Exploring New Bioorthogonal Catalysts: Scaffold Diversity in Catalysis for Chemical Biology.

Bioorthogonal catalysis has revolutionized the field of chemical biology by enabling selective and controlled chemical transformations within living systems. Research has converged on the development of innovative catalyst scaffolds, seeking to broaden the scope of bioorthogonal reactions, boost their efficiency, and surpass the limitations of conventional catalysts. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in bioorthogonal catalyst research based on different scaffold materials.

Characterization of a heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) gene and the association of its single nucleotide polymorphisms with susceptibility/resistance of Magallana gigas to Halomonas sp. 7T.

Heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) is an important activator of innate immunity in the response of invertebrates to pathogen invasion. In the present study, a HSF1 was characterized in Pacific oyster Magallana gigas (MgHSF1), and its association of single nucleotide polymorphisms with susceptibility/resistance of oyster to Halomonas sp. 7T were investigated.

Engineering Spin Interaction Channels of FePc on Au(111).

We demonstrate the reversible control of interactions between a local molecular spin, hosted within an iron phthalocyanine (FePc) molecule, and the conduction electrons of a supporting Au(111) surface. Using the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope, we deliberately and reversibly manipulate the adsorption configuration of the molecule relative to the underlying substrate lattice. Different rotation configurations lead to noticeable changes in the differential conductance measured on the FePc molecules.

Noble-Metal-Free Electrocatalysts for Selective Hydrogen Peroxide Generation via Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is a versatile chemical widely used in various industries. The traditional anthraquinone method for HO synthesis has environmental and safety concerns due to the use of organic solvents and hazardous by-products. The direct synthesis of HO from H and O poses risks of flammability and explosion.

Diffusion transformer model with compact prior for low-dose PET reconstruction.

Positron emission tomography (PET) is an advanced medical imaging technique that plays a crucial role in non-invasive clinical diagnosis. However, while reducing radiation exposure through low-dose PET scans is beneficial for patient safety, it often results in insufficient statistical data. This scarcity of data poses significant challenges for accurately reconstructing high-quality images, which are essential for reliable diagnostic outcomes.

[Retracted] Inhibition of neddylation modification by MLN4924 sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to sorafenib.

Following the publication of the above article, the authors noticed that they had inadvertently included a duplication of the same data in Fig. 3C, portraying colony formation experiments, where the results from differently performed experiments were intended to have been shown, and requested that a corrigendum be published to present the data in this figure accurately. Having investigated this matter in the Editorial Office, however, additional panels of overlapping data were identified, comparing between Figs.

Explore Alteration of Lung and Gut Microbiota in a Murine Model of OVA-Induced Asthma Treated by CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides.

Aim: We sought to investigate the impact of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) administration on the lung and gut microbiota in asthmatic mice, specifically focusing on changes in composition, diversity, and abundance, and to elucidate the microbial mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of CpG-ODN and identify potential beneficial bacteria indicative of its efficacy.

Methods: HE staining were used to analyze inflammation in lung, colon and small intestine tissues. High-throughput sequencing technology targeting 16S rRNA was employed to analyze the composition, diversity, and correlation of microbiome in the lung, colon and small intestine of control, model and CpG-ODN administration groups.

Cancer-targeted pro-theranostic bi-metallic organo-coordination nanoparticles.

Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality, with aggressive, treatment-resistant tumors posing significant challenges. Current combination therapies and imaging approaches often fail due to disparate pharmacokinetics and difficulties correlating drug delivery with therapeutic response. In this study, we developed radionuclide-activatable theranostic nanoparticles (NPs) comprising folate receptor-targeted bimetallic organo-nanoparticles (Gd-Ti-FA-TA NPs).

Three new diterpenes from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza and their cytotoxicity.

Two undescribed oxazole-containing diterpenoids (1-2) and a new diterpenoid (3) were isolated from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Their structures were elucidated by extensive HRESIMS and NMR spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configurations of 1 and 3 were confirmed by comparison of the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compound 1 represents the first example of an abietane diterpenoid with a benzo[d]oxazole unit fused in the ring B of the abietane skeleton.

Multivariate proteome-wide association study to identify causal proteins for Alzheimer disease.

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a complex and progressive neurodegenerative disorder that accounts for the majority of individuals with dementia. Here, we aim to identify causal plasma proteins for AD, shedding light on the etiology of AD. We utilized the latest large-scale plasma proteomic data from the UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project (UKB-PPP) and AD genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data from the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project (IGAP).

Kuanxiong Aerosol Attenuates Ischemic Stroke Injury via Modulation of the TRPV1 Channel.

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of Kuanxiong Aerosol (KXA) on ischemic stroke with reperfusion and elucidate the underlying pharmacological mechanisms.

Methods: In vivo pharmacological effects on ischemic stroke with reperfusion was evaluated using the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (t-MCAO) mice model. To evaluate short-term outcome, 30 mice were randomly divided into vehicle group (n=15) and KXA group (n=15).

DENV-1 Infection of Macrophages Induces Pyroptosis and Causes Changes in MicroRNA Expression Profiles.

Background: Dengue virus (DENV) is the most widespread mosquito-borne virus, which can cause dengue fever with mild symptoms, or progress to fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. As the main target cells of DENV, macrophages are responsible for the innate immune response against the virus.

Methods: In this study, we investigated the role of pyroptosis in the pathogenic mechanism of dengue fever by examining the level of pyroptosis in DENV-1-infected macrophages and further screened differentially expressed microRNAs by high-throughput sequencing to predict microRNAs that could affect the pyroptosis of the macrophage.

Uncovering a cryptic Streptococcus suis endemic post-outbreak: Evidence of host switching to humans.

Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a neglected and emerging pathogen that leads to severe economic losses in swine industry. Despite its epidemic potential, the zoonotic threat posed by S.

Autocatalytic Interfacial Synthesis of Self-Standing Amide-Linked Covalent Organic Framework Membranes.

The synthesis of crystalline covalent organic frameworks (COFs) has in principle relied on reversible dynamic chemistry. A general method to synthesize irreversibly bonded COFs is urgently demanded for driving the COF chemistry to a new era. Here we report a universal two-step method for the straightforward synthesis of irreversibly amide-linked COF (AmCOF) membranes by autocatalytic interfacial polymerization (AIP).