Differential effects of EPA and DHA on aging-related sarcopenia in mice and possible mechanisms involved.

Sarcopenia frequently occurs with aging and leads to major adverse impacts in elderly individuals. The protective effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids against aging-related sarcopenia have been demonstrated; however, the effect and underlying mechanism of EPA or DHA alone remain inconclusive. Hence, the present study was aimed to clarify the differential effects and possible mechanisms of EPA and DHA on aging-related sarcopenia.

Associations of serum folate and vitamin B levels with all-cause mortality among patients with metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease: a prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Serum folate and vitamin B levels correlate with the prevalence of fatty liver disease, but it is not clear how they affect mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association of serum folate and vitamin B concentrations with all-cause mortality in individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

Methods: MASLD subjects were from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) in the United States, and mortality follow-up data were obtained by linkage to death records from the National Death Index.

Rapid Deployment of Antiviral Drugs Using Single-Virus Tracking and Machine Learning.

The outbreak of emerging acute viral diseases urgently requires the acceleration of specialized antiviral drug development, thus widely adopting phenotypic screening as a strategy for drug repurposing in antiviral research. However, traditional phenotypic screening methods typically require several days of experimental cycles and lack visual confirmation of a drug's ability to inhibit viral infection. Here, we report a robust method that utilizes quantum-dot-based single-virus tracking and machine learning to generate unique single-virus infection fingerprint data from viral trajectories and detect the dynamic changes in viral movement following drug administration.

Sex-Based Differences in the Associations Between Obesity- and Lipid-Related Indexes and Hyperuricemia Risk in Patients with Obesity.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association of the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and its related parameters with the risk of hyperuricemia in patients with obesity of different sexes.

Patients And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 951 patients with obesity were included. They were divided into two groups based on their serum uric acid levels, and separate analyses were conducted for males and females.

Modeling multi-stage disease progression and identifying genetic risk factors via a novel collaborative learning method.

Motivation: Alzheimer's disease (AD) typically progresses gradually for ages rather than suddenly. Thus, staging AD progression in different phases could aid in accurate diagnosis and treatment. In addition, identifying genetic variations that influence AD is critical to understanding the pathogenesis.

Keys to Unravel the Stability/Durability Issues of Platinum-Group-Metal Catalysts toward Oxygen Evolution Reaction for Acidic Water Splitting.

Proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolyzers stand as one of the foremost promising avenues for acidic water splitting and green hydrogen production, yet this electrolyzer encounters significant challenges. The primary culprit lies in not only the requirements of substantial platinum-group-metal (PGM)-based electrocatalysts (e.g.

[H-C]-NMR-Based Metabolic Kinetics Reveals Brain Neurochemical Alterations in Mice After Retinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) is a pathological process that occurs in various blinding eye diseases and is often accompanied by anxiety and depression. However, the underlying metabolic mechanism of mood disorders remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the metabolic dynamics of the brain after RIRI.

Brain structural connectomic topology predicts medication response in youth with bipolar disorder: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Response to pharmacotherapy varies considerably among youths with bipolar disorder (BD) and is poorly predicted by clinical or demographic features. It can take several weeks to determine whether medication for BD is clinically effective. Although neuroimaging biomarkers are promising predictors, few studies examined the predictive value of the brain connectomic topology.

Spectral channels increase of multi-wavelength visible laser enabled by SHG-SFG hybrid processes.

Spectral evolution in nonlinear optical processes, such as second harmonic generation (SHG) and sum frequency generation (SFG), plays a crucial role in multi-wavelength generation through nonlinear frequency conversion. In this study, the enhancement of spectral performance in a multi-wavelength visible laser facilitated by SHG-SFG hybrid processes is proposed and demonstrated, for the first time to our knowledge. An output of up to eleven wavelengths can be achieved using a six-wavelength pump.

Heat-killed 6235 is more effective than live on DSS-induced colitis modulation of intestinal microbiota and MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways.

This study compared the protective effects of both live 6235 (LLP 6235) and heat-killed 6235 (HK-LP 6235) on ulcerative colitis. Using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we evaluated physiological state, colon tissue integrity, inflammatory factors, tight junction (TJ) proteins, and intestinal microbiota variations. The findings demonstrated that both LLP 6235 and HK-LP 6235 have the capacity to mitigate colitis damage, enhance TJ protein levels, and restore colon morphology.

Restoration from grazing on the Tibetan plateau: Pathway-specific soil MAOC sequestration in meadow and peat wetlands.

Mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) constitutes a significant portion of carbon (C) pools in wetlands, determining their role as C sinks or sources. Nevertheless, detailed knowledge of the response of MAOM formation pathways to wetland restoration is lacking. Here, we collected 0-20 cm soil samples from two typical wetlands (meadow and peat wetlands) subjected to both grazing and restoration treatments (through micro dam construction) in the Zoige area.

Relationship of serum iron and thyroid hormone in obesity and after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Background: Iron is an essential element for thyroid function. However, no study focuses on the association between iron and thyroid in individuals with obesity. Our research aimed to investigate the iron status in relation to baseline thyroid hormone levels and after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).

Efficacy and mechanism of Tiaoshu Anshen Decoction in treating insomnia with spleen and stomach Qi dysfunction: A retrospective study.

This study investigates the clinical efficacy of Tiaoshu Anshen Decoction in treating insomnia characterized by spleen and stomach Qi dysfunction. According to the differences of previous treatment, 94 patients were divided into treatment group and control group. The treatment group was treated with Tiaoshu Anshen Decoction, and the control group was treated with oral esazolam for 2 weeks.

Eicosapentaenoic acid induces macrophage Mox polarization to prevent diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC) leads to heart failure, with few effective approaches for its intervention. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is an essential nutrient that benefits the cardiovascular system, but its effect on DC remains unknown. Here, we report that EPA protects against DC in streptozotocin and high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice, with an emphasis on the reduction of cardiac M1-polarized macrophages.

The Sorting and Transport of the Cargo Protein CcSnc1 by the Retromer Complex Regulate the Growth, Development, and Pathogenicity of .

In eukaryotes, the retromer complex is critical for the transport of cargo proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Despite its importance, there is a lack of research on the retromer-mediated transport of cargo proteins regulating the growth, development, and pathogenicity of filamentous fungi. In the present study, transcriptome analysis showed that the expression levels of the retromer complex (, and ) were significantly elevated during the early stages of invasion.

Prospective Reassessment of the Association Between Pro-Inflammatory Factors and Prognosis After on-Pump Cardiac Surgery.

Aim: Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory factors in plasma have been linked to worse prognosis after on-pump cardiac surgery, yet interventions that reduce the levels in patients have failed to improve prognosis. Therefore, we explored whether levels of pro-inflammatory factors are associated with prognosis of patients after valve surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

Material And Methods: 244 patients were prospectively enrolled into observational study.

A Universal Strategy to Enhance Polarization Performance and Anode Reversal Tolerance by Polyaniline-Coated Carbon Support for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.

Anode cell reversal typically leads to severe carbon corrosion and catalyst layer collapse, which significantly compromises the durability of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Herein, three types of commercial carbon supports with various structures are facilely coated by polyaniline (PANI) and subsequently fabricated into reversal-tolerant anodes (RTAs). Consequently, the optimized PANI-coated catalyst RTAs demonstrate enhanced polarization performance and improved reversal tolerance compared to their uncoated counterparts, thus confirming the universality of this coating strategy.

Association between perioperative hemoglobin decrease and outcomes of transfusion in patients undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery: An observational study from two Chinese heart centers.

Background: It is unclear how perioperative hemoglobin decrease (ΔHb) influences the balance between risks and benefits of red blood cell transfusion after cardiac surgery.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data on 8186 adults who underwent valve surgery and/or coronary artery bypass grafting under cardiopulmonary bypass at two large cardiology centers. We explored the potential association of ΔHb, defined relative to the preoperative level and postoperative nadir, with a composite outcome of in-hospital mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, and acute kidney injury using multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline, and piecewise-linear models.

A Novel Multi-Dimensional Joint Search Method for the Compression of Medical Image Segmentation Models.

Due to the excellent results achieved by transformers in computer vision, more and more scholars have introduced transformers into the field of medical image segmentation. However, the use of transformers will make the model's parameters very large, which occupies a large amount of the computer's resources, making them very time-consuming during training. In order to alleviate this disadvantage, this paper explores a flexible and efficient search strategy that can find the best subnet from a continuous transformer network.

An Inhalable Nanoshield for Effective Prevention of Influenza Virus Infections.

Influenza virus (IV) infection currently poses a serious and continuing threat to the global public health. Developing effective prevention strategies is important to defend against infection and spread of IV. Here, we developed a triple-protective nanoshield against IV infection in the lungs, formed by self-assembling DSPE-PEG amphiphilic polymers encapsulating the flu-preventive antiviral drug Arbidol internally.

Molecular cloning and functional characterization in response to saline-alkali stress of the gene in .

Soil salinization is one of the major environmental factors that restrict plant growth and development. Zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP) functions in ABA biosynthesis and the xanthophyll cycle and has a vital role in plant responses to various environmental stresses. It was found by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) that responded to saline-alkali stress and showed the highest expression at 48 h of saline-alkali stress, which was 14.

Bridging gaps and seeding futures: A synthesis of soil salinization and the role of plant-soil interactions under climate change.

Soil salinization, exacerbated by climate change, poses significant threats to agricultural productivity, land restoration, and ecosystem resilience. This study reviews current knowledge on plant-soil interactions as a strategy to mitigate soil salinization induced by climate change, focusing on their role in soil salinity dynamics and tolerance mechanisms. The review examines how alterations in hydrological and temperature regimes impact soil salinity and how plant-soil mechanisms-such as salt exclusion, compartmentalization, and plant-microbe interactions-contribute to salinity mitigation.

Elevated meteorin-like protein from high-intensity interval training improves heart function via AMPK/HDAC4 pathway.

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been found to be more effective in relieving heart failure (HF) symptoms, than moderate-intensity continuous aerobic training (MICT). Additionally, higher meteorin-like protein (Metrnl) levels are seen after HIIT versus MICT. We investigated whether Metrnl contributed to post-HF cardiac functional improvements, and the signaling pathways involved.