Treadmill exercise supplemented by OPN promote axon regeneration through the IGF-1R/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Regeneration of the corticospinal tract (CST) is considered a therapeutic target to achieve improved recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury (SCI), which is an incurable CNS damage that affects millions of people. Exercise training is effective in improving multiple functions in spinal cord-injured patients. However, the effects of exercise training on axon regeneration have not been sufficiently reported.

A randomized controlled trial of low-frequency repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with poststroke neurogenic bladder.

Urinary incontinence is a common complication in stroke survivors for whom new interventions are needed. This study investigated the therapeutic effect of low-frequency (LF) repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on the contralesional primary motor cortex (M1) in patients with poststroke urinary incontinence (PSI). A total of 100 patients were randomly assigned to the rTMS group or sham-rTMS group on basis of the intervention they received.

Neutrophil extracellular traps as a unique target in the treatment of inflammatory pain.

Pain is a widespread motivation for seeking healthcare and stands as a substantial global public health concern. Despite comprehensive investigations into the mechanisms of pain sensitization induced by inflammation, efficacious treatments options remain scarce. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been associated with the progression and tissue damage of diverse inflammatory diseases.

Low-Dose LPS Modulates Microglia/Macrophages Phenotypic Transformation to Amplify Rehabilitation Effects in Chronic Spinal Cord Injured (CSCI) Mice.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in stalled motor function recovery under the chronic phase. One of the reasons due to the presence of ongoing inflammation. Therefore, regulating the status of immune cells may help reopen the window for neural repair, which represents a potential therapeutic target.

Osteopontin enhances the effect of treadmill training and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury.

In this study, we examined the combined impact of osteopontin (OPN) and treadmill training on mice with spinal cord injury (SCI). OPN was overexpressed by injecting AAV9-SPP1-GFP into the sensorimotor cortex, followed by a left incomplete C5 crush injury two weeks later. Mice (Ex or Ex + OPN group) were trained at 50% maximum running speed for 8 weeks.

Focused low-intensity pulsed ultrasound alleviates osteoarthritis via restoring impaired FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy.

Mitophagy is critical for maintaining proper cellular functions, and it contributes to the onset and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). A recent study showed that focused low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (FLIPUS) could activate mitophagy, but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the chondroprotective effects of FLIPUS in OA and the regulatory effects on FUN14-domain containing 1 (FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy.

Erratum: [Corrigendum] Lidocaine inhibits the invasion and migration of TRPV6‑expressing cancer cells by TRPV6 downregulation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.

IGF-1 Combined with OPN Promotes Neuronal Axon Growth in Vitro Through the IGF-1R/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Lipid Rafts.

This study aims to investigate the effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) combined with osteopontin (OPN) on the protein expression levels and growth of neuronal axons and its possible mechanism. In this study, IGF-1 combined with OPN promoted neuronal axon growth through the IGF-1R/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in lipid rafts, and the effect was better than that of either agent alone. This effect was suppressed when given the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin or the lipid raft cholesterol extraction agent methyl-β-cyclodextrin (M-β-CD).

Genetic polymorphisms of and postherpetic pain susceptibility: Multicenter, randomized control, and haplotype analysis study.

Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a pivotal regulatory protein in energy metabolism. In a pilot study, we found that AMPK-associated energy metabolism imbalance in neurons contributes to the occurrence and maintenance of neuropathic pain (NeP). This study aimed to explore the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of AMPK gene (Rs13361707, rs3792822, and rs10074991) in and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in Chinese individuals.

Effects of task-based rehabilitative training combined with PTEN/SOCS3 coinhibition promotes axon regeneration and upper extremity skilled motor function recovery after cervical spinal cord injury in adult mice.

Previous studies reported that the codeletion of PTEN and SOCS3 can greatly enhance the capacity of axon regeneration after central nervous system (CNS) injury. Moreover, the promotion of functional recovery can be improved by rehabilitative training under a use-dependent plasticity mechanism after CNS injury. However, few studies have reported the interaction between these mechanisms after spinal cord injury (SCI).

An Acute Bout of Exercise Suppresses Appetite via Central Lactate Metabolism.

Exercise has been reported to elicit a transient suppression of appetite. Plasma lactate, which is produced by exercising muscle, is believed to have a critical effect on exercise-induced appetite suppression. However, the underlying mechanisms and signaling steps of central lactate metabolism remain unexplored.

Effect of AMPK Subunit Alpha 2 Polymorphisms on Postherpetic Pain Susceptibility in Southwestern Han Chinese.

Introduction: Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) can influence energy metabolism. Energy metabolism imbalance is closely associated with the occurrence of neuropathic pain (NeP). Rs10789038 and rs2796498 are genetic polymorphisms of , the gene encoding AMPK, which is closely related to energy metabolism imbalance.

Vagus nerve stimulation is a potential treatment for ischemic stroke.

Microglia are the brain's primary innate immune cells, and they are activated and affect pro-inflammatory phenotype or regulatory phenotype after ischemic stroke. Vagus nerve stimulation was shown to activate microglial phenotypic changes and exhibit neuroprotective effects in ischemia/reperfusion injury. In this study, we established rat models of ischemic stroke by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and performed vagus nerve stimulation 30 minutes after modeling.

Effects of Electromyography Bridge on Upper Limb Motor Functions in Stroke Participants: An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial.

The electromyography bridge (EMGB) plays an important role in promoting the recovery of wrist joint function in stroke patients. We investigated the effects of the EMGB on promoting the recovery of upper limb function in hemiplegia. Twenty-four stroke patients with wrist dorsal extension dysfunction were recruited.

Gram-negative multidrug-resistant organisms were dominant in neurorehabilitation ward patients in a general hospital in southwest China.

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infection in the rehabilitation ward of a general hospital in Southwest China. We analyzed rehabilitation patients with nosocomial infections caused by MDROs from June 2016 to June 2020. MDRO infection pathogens and associated antibiotic resistance were calculated.

Perisciatic Nerve Dexmedetomidine Alleviates Spinal Oxidative Stress and Improves Peripheral Mitochondrial Dynamic Equilibrium in a Neuropathic Pain Mouse Model in an AMPK-Dependent Manner.

Neuropathic pain (NPP) is a debilitating clinical condition that presently has few effective treatments. NPP is caused by uncontrolled central oxidative stress and inflammation. Preliminary studies indicate that dexmedetomidine (DEX), an agonist of the alpha-2 adrenergic receptor, is beneficial for treating NPP.

Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Promotes White Matter Repair and Improves Dysphagia Symptoms in Cerebral Ischemia Model Rats.

Background: Clinical and animal studies have shown that transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (ta-VNS) exerts neuroprotection following cerebral ischemia. Studies have revealed that white matter damage after ischemia is related to swallowing defects, and the degree of white matter damage is related to the severity of dysphagia. However, the effect of ta-VNS on dysphagia symptoms and white matter damage in dysphagic animals after an ischemic stroke has not been investigated.

Effects of Curcumin-mediated photodynamic therapy on autophagy and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of lung cancer cells.

Background: This study aimed to investigated whether Curcumin-mediated PDT can suppress EMT in lung cancer cells, and explore the roles of autophagy in the process of regulating EMT.

Methods: Lung cancer cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 assay. The expression of epithelial marker and mesenchymal markers, the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II and the levels of p62 and beclin1 in A549 and SPCA1 cells were measured by Western blotting assay.

Combined effectiveness of extracorporeal radial shockwave therapy and ultrasound-guided trigger point injection of lidocaine in upper trapezius myofascial pain syndrome.

Objective: Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a major musculoskeletal problem and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) and trigger point injection (TPI) have shown positive results for MPS but no previous study has investigated the combined effects of radial shockwave and trigger point injection of lidocaine for upper trapezius myofascial pain syndrome.

Method: For this purpose, forty-five participants were randomly divided into shockwave (n = 15), shockwave with ultrasound-guided trigger point injection (combined; n = 15), and control (standard care; n = 15) groups.

Vagus nerve stimulation mediates microglia M1/2 polarization via inhibition of TLR4 pathway after ischemic stroke.

Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death and disability. Microglia are polarized toward the proinflammatory M1 phenotype and neuroprotective M2 phenotype after stroke and play an important role in the pathological process of ischemic stroke. Emerging research suggests that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) can mediate microglia polarization after ischemic stroke and may serve as a potential treatment for ischemic stroke.

C1q/TNF-related protein 4 restores leptin sensitivity by downregulating NF-κB signaling and microglial activation.

Objective: C1qTNF-related protein 4 (CTRP4) acts in the hypothalamus to modulate food intake in diet-induced obese mice and has been shown to exert an anti-inflammatory effect on macrophages. Since high-fat diet-induced microglial activation and hypothalamic inflammation impair leptin signaling and increase food intake, we aimed to explore the potential connection between the anorexigenic effect of CTRP4 and the suppression of hypothalamic inflammation in mice with DIO.

Methods: Using an adenovirus-mediated hypothalamic CTRP4 overexpression model, we investigated the impact of CTRP4 on food intake and the hypothalamic leptin signaling pathway in diet-induced obese mice.

A treatment combined prussian blue nanoparticles with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound alleviates cartilage damage in knee osteoarthritis by initiating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

Reactive oxidative stress (ROS) related apoptosis in chondrocytes and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation play crucial roles in the process of osteoarthritis. Prussian blue nanoparticles are known to scavenge ROS in cellular. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound has been used as a non-invasive modality for the is widely used in clinical rehabilitation management of OA.

Enhanced Autolysosomal Function Ameliorates the Inflammatory Response Mediated by the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Alzheimer's Disease.

The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves activation of many NLRP3 inflammatory bodies, which may be related to amyloid β peptide and aggregation of misfolded proteins. Autophagy is an important regulator of inflammatory bodies. However, autophagy shows dynamic changes in the development of AD, and its role in inflammation remains controversial.

Combining task-based rehabilitative training with PTEN inhibition promotes axon regeneration and upper extremity skilled motor function recovery after cervical spinal cord injury in adult mice.

Background: Conditional deletion of Pten in corticospinal neurons promotes axon sprouting and regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, regeneration studies targeted on PTEN inhibition seldom show motor function recovery. The promotion of functional recovery can be improved by rehabilitative training under a use-dependent plasticity mechanism.