The Home Learning Environment in the Digital Age-Associations Between Self-Reported "Analog" and "Digital" Home Learning Environment and Children's Socio-Emotional and Academic Outcomes.

We analyzed the association between the analog and the digital home learning environment (HLE) in toddlers' and preschoolers' homes, and whether both aspects are associated with children's social and academic competencies. Here, we used data of the national representative sample of Growing up in Germany II, which includes 4,914 children aged 0-5 years. The HLE was assessed via parental survey that included items on the analog HLE (e.

Differential Effects of the Home Language and Literacy Environment on Child Language and Theory of Mind and Their Relation to Socioeconomic Background.

In this study, we examined differential effects of facets of the home language and literacy environment that are known to be relevant to either language development (i.e., quantity and quality of language and literacy stimulation at home) or theory of mind (ToM) development (i.

The Early Years Home Learning Environment - Associations With Parent-Child-Course Attendance and Children's Vocabulary at Age 3.

Although many studies investigated the effects of the home learning environment (HLE) in the preschool years, the constructs that underlie the HLE in the years before the age of three and its effects on language development are still poorly understood. This study therefore investigated the dimensionality of the HLE at age two, its relation to the attendance of low threshold parent-child-courses, and its importance for children's vocabulary development between age 2 and 3 years against the background of differing family background characteristics. Using data from 1,013 children and their families of the Newborn Cohort of the German National Educational Panel Study, structural equation modeling analyses showed that (1) quantitative and qualitative aspects of the early HLE, i.

Validation of a Clinical Instrument for Measuring the Severity of Acute Bronchitis in Children - The BSS-ped.

Background: There are no validated standardised clinical procedures for severity measurement of acute bronchitis in children. The "BSS-ped", a short version of the physician-rated assessment scale BSS (Bronchitis Severity Scale), can fill this gap, if it is valid.

Objective: To examine the scale´s validity.

Negative pressure wound therapy for seroma prevention and surgical incision treatment in spinal fracture care.

To evaluate the clinical use and economic aspects of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) after dorsal stabilisation of spinal fractures. This study is a prospective randomised evaluation of NPWT in patients with large surgical wounds after surgical stabilisation of spinal fractures by internal fixation. Patients were randomised to either standard wound dressing treatment (group A) or NPWT (group B).

Assessment of the effect of pharmacotherapy in common cold/acute bronchitis - the Bronchitis Severity Scale (BSS).

Background: Acute bronchitis (AB) is a highly contagious infection of the airways, presenting mostly in connection with common cold (CC). There is a high variance in duration and course of symptoms which, sooner or later, also may disappear spontaneously and change during the course of the disease. Therefore, assessment of treatment outcome is difficult.

Advancement of physical process by mental activation: a prospective controlled study.

According to the literature, patients who are significantly impaired by physical mobility limitations can be rehabilitated if the patient's working memory is used to capacity. The conclusion that periodic mental activity improves physical rehabilitation should be evaluated. This is a prospective, controlled, and randomized open study of patients who underwent a total hip arthroplasty (THA).

[Screening of emotional and somatic complaints in undergraduate medical students: a longitudinal study].

Objectives: 1) Do easy-to-administer screening tests for anxiety, depression, and somatic complaints detect more abnormal results in medical students than in the "normal" population? 2) Can the complaints already be recognized at the beginning of university studies? 3) Do they occur more seldom in medical students who are related to doctors?

Methods: Study with 146 of 150 enrolled medical students undergoing 2 self-rating scales during the first 3 terms: "Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale" (HADS-D) and "Gießener Beschwerdebogen GBB" (GBB-24).

Results: 1) More abnormal values were measured than in the normal population. 2) The grades of anxiety, depression, and total somatic complaints, but not exhaustion, could be recognized at the start of the first term.

Negative pressure wound therapy to prevent seromas and treat surgical incisions after total hip arthroplasty.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) to improve wound healing after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and its influence on the development of postoperative seromas in the wound area.

Materials: The study is a prospective randomised evaluation of NPWT in patients with large surgical wounds after THA, randomising patients to either a standard dressing (group A) or a NPWT (group B) over the wound area. The wound area was examined with ultrasound to measure the postoperative seromas in both groups on the fifth and tenth postoperative days.

Stop of loss of cognitive performance during rehabilitation after total hip arthroplasty-prospective controlled study.

Prolonged hospitalization is known to be associated with a loss of cognitive performance. Does playing video games (VGs) developed to improve cognitive properties delay this loss or even lead to an increase in cognitive performance? We performed a 10-day longitudinal study of patients who received total hip arthroplasty. We compared 16 patients (6 male) aged 66 ± 9 years (mean ± standard deviation) who played Dr.

Short-term influence of elevation of plasma homocysteine levels on cognitive function in young healthy adults.

Background: Acute homocysteine elevation has been shown to have a significant impact on cognitive function in animal models.

Objectives: Investigation of the short-term impact of elevation of plasma homocysteine levels through a dietary intervention on cognitive abilities of young healthy adults.

Participants: 100 healthy medical students of both genders were enrolled in the study.

Blue light improves cognitive performance.

A newly discovered system of photoreceptors for circadian rhythms works non-visual and responds to blue light (460 nm). We report a longitudinal study in 44 adults, showing that a significant increase in alertness and speed of information processing could be achieved by blue light as compared to normal light.

[The first hearing aid increases mental capacity. Open controlled clinical trial as a pilot study].

Background: According to the scientific literature, a hearing impairment which is acquired late reduces mental efficiency.

Objective: To determine by empirical examination whether hearing aids increase mental efficiency. PERSONS AND METHODS: An open controlled application study was carried out on the capacity of working memory in 15 first users of hearing aids.

[Diurnal frequency patterns of errors made in ophthalmo-surgery. A clinical analysis related to evidence based medicine].

Background And Objectives: Three factors are usually considered in determining optimal patient care, the goal of evidence based medicine (EBM): (1) approximation to the best medical knowledge, (2) clinical competence of the doctor and self reflection, (3) taking into account the individual values and beliefs of the patient. Must the limited loading capacity of the doctor also be considered as the fourth factor in ophthalmic surgery?

Methods: Follow-up examination of 8,212 cataract operation reports was carried out. We recorded complications (active errors) and specific intra-operative features (latent errors).

[The citation frequency for prominent researchers in HNO medical science. Scientometric follow-up of German scientists over 10 years].

Background: In 1995, 18 scientists involved in research on otorhinolaryngology in Germany (median of age 55 years; one woman) entered the Who is Who of German medical research because of their top citation rates in the worldwide Science Citation Index (SCI). Their publications were cited about 12 times as often as those of colleagues with an habilitation or professorship. Are their publications equally important in international research activity 10 years later?

Methods: Investigations were carried out using SCI 2002.

[Systemic diagnostic error of senile dementia by cataract-related impairment of information processing?].

Purpose: According to several investigations, late-acquired diagnostically unspecified visual impairments lead to reduced intelligence levels. In cataracts, in particular, we measured reductions in IQ prior to IOL implantation.

Question: Do cataract-related IQ impairments reach the level of senile dementia?

Objective: To examine if cataracts and their removal have a particular relevance in senile dementia.

[Cataract-related changes of intelligence. An innovative aspect].

Background: On average, the intelligence level of adults decreases with age. Since loss of vision increases in parallel and, according to a review of literature, impairment of vision corresponds to cognitive deterioration, age-related reduction of intelligence could partially be explained by restricted vision.

Question: Are late-acquired cataracts closely related to reduction in intelligence levels? AIM.

Clinical efficacy of kava extract WS 1490 in sleep disturbances associated with anxiety disorders. Results of a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial.

Background: The aim of the present trial was to investigate the efficacy and safety of kava special extract WS 1490 in patients with sleep disturbances associated with anxiety, tension and restlessness states of non-psychotic origin.

Methods: In a multicenter, randomized, double-blind clinical study, 61 patients received daily doses of 200 mg WS 1490 or placebo over a period of 4 weeks. Efficacy was measured by the sleep questionnaire SF-B, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), the Bf-S self-rating scale of well-being and the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) scale.

[Does hearing loss in adults diminish intelligence?].

Background And Objective: Mean curves of the age course of intelligence drop shortly after early adulthood. This is particularly true of fluid intelligence, which corresponds to the immediate management of information. Less affected is crystallized intelligence, i.

[Does hearing loss in adults diminish intelligence?].

Background And Objective: Mean curves of the age course of intelligence drop shortly after early adulthood.This is particularly true of fluid intelligence, which corresponds to the immediate management of information. Less affected is crystallized intelligence, i.

[Effectiveness of felodipine in hypertensive patients with mild cerebral cognition disorders in a randomized double-blind study].

Background And Objective: Cognitive impairment occurs more frequently in hypertensives than in normotensive individuals. Early signs of cognitive impairment are predictors of dementia in late life. Felodipine is capable of almost normalizing plasma viscosity, which is elevated in most of hypertensive patients, thus improving microcirculation.