Shifts in plant architecture drive species-specific responses to drought in a Sorghum recombinant inbred line population.

Drought stress severely impedes plant growth, development, and yield. Therefore, it is critical to uncover the genetic mechanisms underlying drought resistance to ensure future food security. To identify the genetic controls of these responses in Sorghum, an agriculturally and economically important grain crop, an interspecific recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was established by crossing a domesticated inbred line of Sorghum bicolor (TX7000) with its wild relative, Sorghum propinquum.

Plant height shapes hydraulic architecture but does not predict metaxylem area under drought in .

Climate change-induced variations in temperature and precipitation negatively impact plant growth and development. To ensure future food quality and availability, a critical need exists to identify morphological and physiological responses that confer drought tolerance in agro-economically important crop plants throughout all growth stages. In this study, two accessions that differ in their pre-flowering responses to drought were exposed to repeated cycles of drying and rewatering.

Comparison of Universal Genetic Testing vs Guideline-Directed Targeted Testing for Patients With Hereditary Cancer Syndrome.

Importance: Hereditary factors play a key role in the risk of developing several cancers. Identification of a germline predisposition can have important implications for treatment decisions, risk-reducing interventions, cancer screening, and germline testing.

Objective: To examine the prevalence of pathogenic germline variants (PGVs) in patients with cancer using a universal testing approach compared with targeted testing based on clinical guidelines and the uptake of cascade family variant testing (FVT).

Treatment of granuloma annulare and related granulomatous diseases with sulphasalazine: a series of 16 cases.

Background: Granuloma annulare (GA) and the related annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma (AEGCG) and interstitial granulomatous dermatitis (IGD) are idiopathic histiocytic inflammatory disorders, which are frequently recalcitrant to treatment.

Objectives: Evaluate the efficacy of sulphasalazine in treating GA, AEGCG and IGD.

Methods: Sixteen patients were identified with granulomatous disease who were treated with sulphasalazine between September 2015 and September 2019.

Factors Associated With Patient-Initiated Communication After Mohs Micrographic Surgery.

Background: Despite extensive counseling, patients commonly call with postoperative concerns after Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS).

Objective: We sought to determine the incidence, reasons, and patient and surgical characteristics that lead to patient-initiated communication after MMS.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective chart review of 1,531 patients who underwent MMS during the observational period was conducted.

Gardner-Diamond syndrome: a systematic review of treatment options for a rare psychodermatological disorder.

Gardner-Diamond syndrome (GDS) is a rare psychodermatological condition characterized by the formation of spontaneous, painful skin lesions that develop into ecchymosis following episodes of severe physiological or psychological stress. The majority of GDS cases occur in young adult females, and although the etiology of this rare disorder is unknown, there appears to be a psychological component correlated with the coexistence of previous psychiatric diagnoses. Due to the rare nature of this disorder, there exist few guidelines for prompt clinical diagnosis and optimal treatment.

OncomiR-10b hijacks the small molecule inhibitor linifanib in human cancers.

The pervasive role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer pathobiology drives the introduction of new drug development approaches such as miRNA inhibition. In order to advance miRNA-therapeutics, meticulous screening strategies addressing specific tumor targets are needed. Small molecule inhibitors represent an attractive goal for these strategies.

High-dimensional regression analysis links magnetic resonance imaging features and protein expression and signaling pathway alterations in breast invasive carcinoma.

Background: Imaging features derived from MRI scans can be used for not only breast cancer detection and measuring disease extent, but can also determine gene expression and patient outcomes. The relationships between imaging features, gene/protein expression, and response to therapy hold potential to guide personalized medicine. We aim to characterize the relationship between radiologist-annotated tumor phenotypic features (based on MRI) and the underlying biological processes (based on proteomic profiling) in the tumor.

Spatial habitats from multiparametric MR imaging are associated with signaling pathway activities and survival in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) show significant inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity, impacting response to treatment and overall survival time of 12-15 months. To study glioblastoma phenotypic heterogeneity, multi-parametric magnetic resonance images (MRI) of 85 glioblastoma patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas were analyzed to characterize tumor-derived spatial habitats for their relationship with outcome (overall survival) and to identify their molecular correlates (i.e.

Multiple-response regression analysis links magnetic resonance imaging features to de-regulated protein expression and pathway activity in lower grade glioma.

Background And Purpose: Lower grade gliomas (LGGs), lesions of WHO grades II and III, comprise 10-15% of primary brain tumors. In this study, we aim to carry out a radioproteomic characterization of LGGs using proteomics data from the TCGA and imaging data from the TCIA cohorts, to obtain an association between tumor MRI characteristics and protein measurements. The availability of linked imaging and molecular data permits the assessment of relationships between tumor genomic/proteomic measurements with phenotypic features.

Dermatology Interest Groups in Medical Schools.

Involvement in a Dermatology Interest Group (DIG) allows students to learn about dermatology, partake in service projects, get involved in research, and ask questions about the application process for residency programs. In this article, we review the activities and member involvement of DIGs from 11 medical schools. To our knowledge, this is the first descriptive analysis of DIGs across the United States.

Integrating The Integrated Skin Exam film into medical education.

AbstractBackgroundThe mortality rate for melanoma continues to rise and the greatest improvement in melanoma survival is attributable to early detection with skin cancer screening exams. However, physicians feel that limited training in the examination of skin and limited clinical time both serve as barriers to adequately assess high-risk lesions.ObjectiveTo test the use of The Integrated Skin Exam film as an instructional tool to teach the examination of skin in a live classroom setting, outside of the purview of the original formal study.

Peer-led problem-based learning in interprofessional education of health professions students.

Background: The role of peer teachers in interprofessional education has not been extensively studied. This study is designed to determine if peer-teacher-led problem-based seminars can influence medical and pharmacy students' perceptions of interprofessional education.

Methods: Undergraduate medical and pharmacy students participated in one-hour problem-based learning seminars held over the course of 16 weeks.

Hormone and Drug-Mediated Modulation of Glucose Metabolism in a Microscale Model of the Human Liver.

Due to its central role in glucose homeostasis, the liver is an important target for drug development efforts for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Significant differences across species in liver metabolism necessitate supplementation of animal data with assays designed to assess human-relevant responses. However, isolated primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) display a rapid decline in phenotypic functions in conventional monolayer formats.

Comparison of interactive voice response, patient mailing, and mailed registry to encourage screening for osteoporosis: a randomized controlled trial.

Unlabelled: Guidelines recommend screening for osteoporosis with bone mineral density (BMD) testing in menopausal women, particularly those with additional risk factors for fracture. Many eligible women remain unscreened. This randomized study demonstrates that a single outreach interactive voice response phone call improves rates of BMD screening among high-risk women age 50-64.

Benign subclinical syringomatous proliferations adjacent to a microcystic adnexal carcinoma: a tumor mimic with significant patient implications.

Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is an uncommon, locally aggressive, malignant cutaneous tumor with pilar and eccrine differentiation. Mohs micrographic surgery is the treatment of choice for this condition, but specific histological findings can complicate MAC removal and leave doubt as to whether the tumor has been completely removed. Here we describe the clinical and pathological characteristics of a case in which a patient with an MAC underwent multiple reexcisions because of the presence of benign subclinical syringomatous proliferations adjacent to the primary lesion.

On the different "worlds" of intra-organizational knowledge management: Understanding idiosyncratic variation in MNC cross-site knowledge-sharing practices.

This qualitative field study investigated cross-site knowledge sharing in a small sample of multinational corporations in three different MNC business contexts (global, multidomestic, transnational). The results disclose heterogeneous "worlds" of MNC knowledge sharing, ultimately raising the question as to whether the whole concept of MNC knowledge sharing covers a sufficiently unitary phenomenon to be meaningful. We derive a non-exhaustive typology of MNC knowledge-sharing practices: self-organizing knowledge sharing, technocratic knowledge sharing, and best practice knowledge sharing.