Early-onset anorexia nervosa: a scoping review and management guidelines.

Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious multifactorial eating disorder characterized by insufficient nutritional intake to maintain a minimum normal weight for one's age and height, a fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image. It affects mainly adolescents, but a decreased age at diagnosis has been reported, leading to the definition of a rare form of AN called early-onset or prepubertal anorexia nervosa (EOAN; ORPHA 525738), with reported epidemiological and clinical specificity. Current knowledge and specific treatments for this particular condition remain scarce.

Exploring the Linkages between farm efficiency, farm environmental performance, and agri-environmental scheme adoption: Lessons from France.

The agricultural detrimental effects on the environment are a source of concern. Public mea-sures, such as agri-environmental schemes (AES), have been designed to incentivize farmers to adopt more sound environmental practices on the farm. In this study, we examine the effects of past initial economic and environmental performances on AES adoption by focusing on crop farms.

CDK7 and MITF repress a transcription program involved in survival and drug tolerance in melanoma.

Melanoma cell phenotype switching between differentiated melanocytic and undifferentiated mesenchymal-like states drives metastasis and drug resistance. CDK7 is the serine/threonine kinase of the basal transcription factor TFIIH. We show that dedifferentiation of melanocytic-type melanoma cells into mesenchymal-like cells and acquisition of tolerance to targeted therapies is achieved through chronic inhibition of CDK7.

[Body-oriented psychotherapy in the global treatment of children with anorexia].

Body-oriented psychotherapy has been an innovative practice in the treatment of anorexia for around ten years. This body-oriented and relational care is carried out on medical prescription individually or in groups, once or twice a week for six to eighteen months. The session comprises different moments of welcome, movement and exchange.

MAPK-triggered chromatin reprogramming by histone deacetylase in plant innate immunity.

Background: Microbial-associated molecular patterns activate several MAP kinases, which are major regulators of the innate immune response in Arabidopsis thaliana that induce large-scale changes in gene expression. Here, we determine whether microbial-associated molecular pattern-triggered gene expression involves modifications at the chromatin level.

Results: Histone acetylation and deacetylation are major regulators of microbial-associated molecular pattern-triggered gene expression and implicate the histone deacetylase HD2B in the reprogramming of defence gene expression and innate immunity.

The Arabidopsis SWI/SNF protein BAF60 mediates seedling growth control by modulating DNA accessibility.

Background: Plant adaptive responses to changing environments involve complex molecular interplays between intrinsic and external signals. Whilst much is known on the signaling components mediating diurnal, light, and temperature controls on plant development, their influence on chromatin-based transcriptional controls remains poorly explored.

Results: In this study we show that a SWI/SNF chromatin remodeler subunit, BAF60, represses seedling growth by modulating DNA accessibility of hypocotyl cell size regulatory genes.

[Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy disease].

Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy disease (MNGIE) is a rare autosomal-recessive syndrome, resulting from mutations in the TYMP gene, located at 22q13. The mutation induces a thymidine phosphorylase (TP) deficit, which leads to a nucleotide pool imbalance and to instability of the mitochondrial DNA. The clinical picture regroups gastrointestinal dysmotility, cachexia, ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, peripheral neuropathy, and asymptomatic leukoencephalopathy.

[Mediation model in adolescent psychology].

Body mediation is today used as a tool for establishing a relationship with a young person experiencing psychological suffering. It is particularly useful in adolescence, a period marked by the destabilisation of emotional and relational fields.

Cell-specific occupancy of an extended repertoire of CREM and CREB binding loci in male germ cells.

Background: CREB and CREM are closely related factors that regulate transcription in response to various stress, metabolic and developmental signals. The CREMτ activator isoform is selectively expressed in haploid spermatids and plays an essential role in murine spermiogenesis.

Results: We have used chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled to sequencing (ChIP-seq) to map CREM and CREB target loci in round spermatids from adult mouse testis and spermatogonia derived GC1-spg cells respectively.

Genome-wide analysis of POU3F2/BRN2 promoter occupancy in human melanoma cells reveals Kitl as a novel regulated target gene.

POU3F2 is a POU-Homeodomain transcription factor expressed in neurons and melanoma cells. In melanoma lesions, cells expressing high levels of POU3F2 show enhanced invasive and metastatic capacity that can in part be explained by repression of Micropthalmia-associated Transcription Factor (MITF) expression via POU3F2 binding to its promoter. To identify other POU3F2 target genes that may be involved in modulating the properties of melanoma cells, we performed ChIP-chip experiments in 501Mel melanoma cells.

Cell-specific interaction of retinoic acid receptors with target genes in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and embryonic stem cells.

All-trans retinoic acid (RA) induces transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta)-dependent autocrine growth of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). We have used chromatin immunoprecipitation to map 354 RA receptor (RAR) binding loci in MEFs, most of which were similarly occupied by the RAR alpha and RAR gamma receptors. Only a subset of the genes associated with these loci are regulated by RA, among which are several critical components of the TGF-beta pathway.

[Rifampicin-protamine sulfate solution in dialysis patients].

Bacteria from the exit site of dialysis catheter can grow into microcolonies in biofilm. It has been hypothesized that rifampin-protamine combination may have an effect on the biofilm. In hemodialysis centre a combination of rifampin mixed with protamine is commonly used in some centre in order to prevent catheter related infections in hemodialysis patients.

Direct signal transduction via functional interferon-alphabeta receptors in CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells.

Affinity purified, freshly isolated CD34+ progenitors were shown to express low levels of type I interferon (IFN) receptors (740 +/- 60 binding sites/cell, K(d) 0.7 +/- 0.04 nM) determined by Scatchard's analysis using a radiolabelled, neutralizing, monoclonal antibody directed against the IFNAR1 chain of the human type I IFN receptor.

Changes in metallothionein concentrations in response to variation in natural factors (salinity, sex, weight) and metal contamination in crabs from a metal-rich estuary.

Intermoult male and female crabs Pachygrapsus marmoratus and Carcinus maenas were sampled from three sites between the mouth and 25 km upstream in the Gironde, the most Cd-contaminated estuary in France, in order to study the relative importance of natural factors (salinity, sex, weight) and accumulated metal concentrations on metallothionein (MT) concentrations. In the two species studied, higher metal, total protein and MT concentrations were observed in the hepatopancreas than in the gills. In P.

Large scale recovery and characterization of stromal cell-associated primitive haemopoietic progenitor cells from filter-retained human bone marrow.

Bone marrow aspirates are composed of two cellular compartments, an abundant buffy coat suspension and a minor particulate fraction. The particulate fraction is routinely removed by filtration prior to transplantation in order to reduce the risk of embolism. This study shows that the filter-retained fraction includes many multicellular complexes, previously defined as haematons.

Hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines from diethylnitrosamine phenobarbital-treated rats. Characterization and sensitivity to endothall, a protein serine/threonine phosphatase-2A inhibitor.

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is probably one of the most common fatal forms of liver cancer. We have established permanent cell lines from diethylnitrosamine/phenobarbital induced primary rat liver carcinomas to study new anticancer therapies. The rat hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HR-2, HR-3, and HR-4) have been maintained in culture for over 3 years.

A strong expression of CD44-6v correlates with shorter survival of patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

CD44 is a ubiquitous cell-surface glycoprotein that displays many variant isoforms (CD44v) generated by alternative splicing of exons 2v to 10v. The expression of variant isoforms is highly restricted and correlated with specific processes, such as leukocyte activation and malignant transformation. We have herein studied CD44v expression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and, for comparison, in normal myelopoiesis.

CD44-mediated adhesiveness of human hematopoietic progenitors to hyaluronan is modulated by cytokines.

Adhesive interactions between CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) and bone marrow stroma are crucial for normal hematopoiesis, yet their molecular bases are still poorly elucidated. We have investigated whether cell surface proteoglycan CD44 can mediate adhesion of human CD34+ HPC to immobilized hyaluronan (HA), an abundant glycosaminoglycan of the bone marrow extracellular matrix. Our data show that, although CD34+ cells strongly express CD44, only 13.

CD44 and hyaluronan binding by human myeloid cells.

The CD44 cell surface molecule has been shown to be the principal cell surface receptor for hyaluronan (or hyaluronic acid), a glycosaminoglycan component of marrow extracellular matrix. However, its affinity for hyaluronan is not constitutive, since it depends on the cell type, the stage of differentiation and on activation by external stimuli including certain anti-CD44 antibodies and phorbol esters. Except for a few lymphoid cell lines, hematopoietic cells do not spontaneously bind hyaluronan and initial studies reported that, contrary to lymphocytes, myeloid cells could not be activated to bind hyaluronan.

Effects of norcantharidin, a protein phosphatase type-2A inhibitor, on the growth of normal and malignant haemopoietic cells.

Cantharidin is a natural toxin that inhibits protein phosphatase type 2A (PP2A) and has antitumour effects in man. We have studied the synthetic analogue, norcantharidin (NCTD), which has less nephrotoxic and phlogogenic side-effects, investigating the effects on the normal haemopoietic system and leukaemia cell growth. Daily intraperitoneal (i.

N-oleoyl heparin inhibits the amidolytic activity of plasmin and urokinase.

N-desulphated heparin, partially N-acylated on average with three oleoyl chains per molecule, inhibits the amidolytic activity of plasmin (IC50 16 nM) and urokinase (IC50 10mM) when assayed on N-p-tosyl-Gly-Pro-Lys-4-nitroanilide and benzoyl-Ala-Gly-Arg-4-nitroanilide substrates respectively. N-desulphated heparin is not inhibitory. This effect requires the covalent binding of oleoyl residues to heparin and it decreases with increasing concentration of Tris-HCl and non-ionic detergents.