An open-access database of video stimuli for action observation research in neuroimaging settings: psychometric evaluation and motion characterization.

Video presentation has become ubiquitous in paradigms investigating the neural and behavioral responses to observed actions. In spite of the great interest in uncovering the processing of observed bodily movements and actions in neuroscience and cognitive science, at present, no standardized set of video stimuli for action observation research in neuroimaging settings exists. To facilitate future action observation research, we developed an open-access database of 135 high-definition videos of a male actor performing object-oriented actions.

Aquatic conditions & bacterial communities as drivers of the decomposition of submerged remains.

Aquatic decomposition, as a forensic discipline, has been largely under-investigated as a consequence of the highly complex and influential variability of the water environment. The limitation to the adaptability of scenario specific results justifies the necessity for experimental research to increase our understanding of the aquatic environment and the development of post-mortem submersion interval (PMSI) methods of estimation. This preliminary research aims to address this contextual gap by assessing the variation in the bacterial composition of aquatic biofilms as explained by water parameter measurements over time, associated with clothed and bare decomposing remains.

Range map data of marine ecosystem structuring species under global climate change.

Data on contemporary and future geographical distributions of marine species are crucial for guiding conservation and management policies in face of climate change. However, available distributional patterns have overlooked key ecosystem structuring species, despite their numerous ecological and socioeconomic services. Future range estimates are mostly available for few species at regional scales, and often rely on the outdated Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios of climate change, hindering global biodiversity estimates within the framework of current international climate policies.

Afferents to Action: Cortical Proprioceptive Processing Assessed with Corticokinematic Coherence Specifically Relates to Gross Motor Skills.

Voluntary motor control is thought to be predicated on the ability to efficiently integrate and process somatosensory afferent information. However, current approaches in the field of motor control have not factored in objective markers of how the brain tracks incoming somatosensory information. Here, we asked whether motor performance relates to such markers obtained with an analysis of the coupling between peripheral kinematics and cortical oscillations during continuous movements, best known as corticokinematic coherence (CKC).

Spatial coalescent connectivity through multi-generation dispersal modelling predicts gene flow across marine phyla.

Gene flow governs the contemporary spatial structure and dynamic of populations as well as their long-term evolution. For species that disperse using atmospheric or oceanic flows, biophysical models allow predicting the migratory component of gene flow, which facilitates the interpretation of broad-scale spatial structure inferred from observed allele frequencies among populations. However, frequent mismatches between dispersal estimates and observed genetic diversity prevent an operational synthesis for eco-evolutionary projections.

Preneoplastic Lesions in Surgical Specimens Do Not Worsen the Prognosis of Patients Who Underwent Surgery for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Post-Hoc Analysis of the PRODIGE 24-CCTG PA 6 Trial.

Objective: The prognosis of pancreatic cancer after curative surgery is burdened by frequent recurrence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of dysplasia in the surgical specimen on disease-free survival (DFS).

Methods: A post-hoc analysis of the phase III PRODIGE 24-CCTG PA 6 trial was performed.

Temporally stable beta sensorimotor oscillations and corticomuscular coupling underlie force steadiness.

As humans, we seamlessly hold objects in our hands, and may even lose consciousness of these objects. This phenomenon raises the unsettled question of the involvement of the cerebral cortex, the core area for voluntary motor control, in dynamically maintaining steady muscle force. To address this issue, we measured magnetoencephalographic brain activity from healthy adults who maintained a steady pinch grip.

Six-Minute Walk Test in Individuals With Unilateral Lower Limb Amputations.

Background: The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is one of the common clinical tests to assess rehabilitation progress and needs in individuals with lower-limb amputation (iLLAs). However, the analysis of this test is mostly limited to the distance parameter. The first aim was to investigate effort intensity and spatiotemporal parameters of 6MWT in iLLAs using inertial measurement units (IMUs) and heart rate (HR) monitor, and second, to assess physical, physiological, and pain-related aspects of fatigue over 6MWT.

Health impact of work stressors and psychosocial perceptions among French hospital workers during the COVID-19 outbreak: a cross-sectional survey.

Objective: To compare global health, mental health impact of work stressors and psychosocial perception of healthcare workers (HCWs) and non-HCWs in a hospital after the first peak of the COVID-19 outbreak in France.

Methods: A validated version of the SATIN (Santé Au Travail Inrs université Nancy 2)questionnaire with adapted scoring was used to collect data on health and impact of work stressors. This questionnaire was sent to all workers at a hospital in July 2020 and was self-administered online.

[Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the health of nurses in a university hospital].

In a university hospital in Brittany, health monitoring of the staff was set up at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic. The first results of the studies carried out in this context showed that nurses showed a greater deterioration of their physical health than other professionals. However, thanks to psychological balancing measures, nurses did not appear to be more affected in terms of psychological health and well-being at work than the other hospital workers.

Trunk lean and toe out gait strategies impact on lower limb joints.

Gait retraining as a non-invasive prospective approach to restore mechanical loading at the knee joint and slowing down knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression shows great promise. However, the impact of gait modifications such as an increase in foot progression angle (FPA) or lateral trunk lean (LTL) on the ankle and hip is not yet well understood. Thus, the goal of this study is to provide insight on the impact of FPA and LTL on the sagittal and frontal external moments at the ankle and hip of healthy participants.

Clinical Walking Tests and Gait Pattern Characterization During 6-Minute Walk Test Using Inertial Sensors: Follow-Up in Individuals With Lower Limb Amputation.

Inertial measurement units and normative values enable clinicians to quantify clinical walking tests and set rehabilitation goals. Objectives of this study were (1) to compare time- and distance-based walking tests in individuals with lower limb amputation (iLLA) and normative values following rehabilitation discharge (T1) and 6 weeks after discharge (T2) and (2) to investigate spatiotemporal and foot kinematic parameters over a 6-minute walk test using inertial measurement units. Twelve iLLA participated in this study.

Explicit and implicit network connectivity: Analytical formulation and application to transport processes.

Connectivity is a fundamental structural feature of a network that determines the outcome of any dynamics that happens on top of it. However, an analytical approach to obtain connection probabilities between nodes associated with to paths of different lengths is still missing. Here, we derive exact expressions for random-walk connectivity probabilities across any range of numbers of steps in a generic temporal, directed, and weighted network.

Dead or alive: microbial viability treatment reveals both active and inactive bacterial constituents in the fish gut microbiota.

Aims: This study evaluated the microbial viability of fish gut microbiota in both digesta (faecal) and mucosal samples using a modified propidium monoazide (PMA) protocol, followed by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing.

Methods And Results: Digesta and gut mucosal samples from farmed yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) were collected and a modified PMA treatment was applied prior to DNA extraction to differentiate both active and nonviable microbial cells in the samples. All samples were then sequenced using a standard 16S rRNA approach.

Assessment of biomechanical deficits in individuals with a trans-tibial amputation during level gait using one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping.

Background: Most previous studies reported biomechanical deficits in individuals with a trans-tibial amputation (TTA) during gait using zero-dimensional analyses. However, these analyses do not allow to precisely determine during which part of the gait cycle these deficits occur. There is a need to use more appropriate methods to map the differences, such as one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping.

Antibiotic-induced alterations and repopulation dynamics of yellowtail kingfish microbiota.

Background: The use of antibiotics in aquaculture is a common infection treatment and is increasing in some sectors and jurisdictions. While antibiotic treatment can negatively shift gut bacterial communities, recovery and examination of these communities in fish of commercial importance is not well documented. Examining the impacts of antibiotics on farmed fish microbiota is fundamental for improving our understanding and management of healthy farmed fish.

Investigating Both Mucosal Immunity and Microbiota in Response to Gut Enteritis in Yellowtail Kingfish.

The mucosal surfaces of fish play numerous roles including, but not limited to, protection against pathogens, nutrient digestion and absorption, excretion of nitrogenous wastes and osmotic regulation. During infection or disease, these surfaces act as the first line of defense, where the mucosal immune system interacts closely with the associated microbiota to maintain homeostasis. This study evaluated microbial changes across the gut and skin mucosal surfaces in yellowtail kingfish displaying signs of gut inflammation, as well as explored the host gene expression in these tissues in order to improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the emergence of these conditions.

The impact of body-mass index on the frontal knee alignment estimation using three-dimensional reconstruction based on movement analysis.

Background: We evaluated the influence of the body-mass index (BMI) on the estimation of the static frontal knee alignment (FKA) using three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction method based on movement analysis.

Methods: Two-hundred nineteen knees (120 individuals with end-stage osteoarthritis) were analyzed. The validity of the 3D method was evaluated under comparison with a reference method based on weight bearing full-leg length radiography.

A multidisciplinary analytical framework to delineate spawning areas and quantify larval dispersal in coastal fish.

Assessing larval dispersal is essential to understand the structure and dynamics of marine populations. However, knowledge about early-life dispersal is sparse, and so is our understanding of the spawning process, perhaps the most obscure component of biphasic life cycles. Indeed, poorly known species-specific spawning modality and species-specific early-life traits, as well as the high spatio-temporal variability of the oceanic circulation experienced during larval drift, hamper our ability to appraise the realized connectivity of coastal fishes.

The Inner Workings of the Outer Surface: Skin and Gill Microbiota as Indicators of Changing Gut Health in Yellowtail Kingfish.

The mucosal surfaces and associated microbiota of fish are an important primary barrier and provide the first line of defense against potential pathogens. An understanding of the skin and gill microbial assemblages and the factors which drive their composition may provide useful insights into the broad dynamics of fish host-microbial relationships, and may reveal underlying changes in health status. This is particularly pertinent to cultivated systems whereby various stressors may led to conditions (like enteritis) which impinge on productivity.

Science diplomacy and transnational governance impact.

Science diplomacy is coming to the fore as a formidable dimension of interstate power relations. As the challenges of the world increasingly transcend borders, so too have researchers and innovators forged international coalitions to resolve global pathologies. In doing so, new channels of influence and opportunity have opened up for states alongside the 'traditional' modes of foreign diplomacy.