Psychotropic medication usage in sporadic versus genetic behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia.

Introduction: Psychotropic medication (PM) use in behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is higher than in other dementias. However, no information exists on whether PM use differs between sporadic and genetic bvFTD.

Methods: We analyzed data from sporadic and genetic bvFTD participants with PM prescriptions in the Advancing Research and Treatment in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration/Longitudinal Evaluation of Familial Frontotemporal Dementia Subjects study.

Phase 2A Proof-of-Concept Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Nicotinamide in Early Alzheimer Disease.

Background And Objectives: Nicotinamide is a coenzyme involved in cellular oxidation-reduction reactions that can inhibit Class III histone deacetylases (HDACs) or sirtuins. HDAC inhibition can affect numerous therapeutic pathways, including tau phosphorylation. We tested the hypothesis that nicotinamide treatment could reduce tau phosphorylation in early Alzheimer disease (AD).

Genetic sex determination in three closely related hydrothermal vent gastropods, including one species with intersex individuals.

Molluscs have undergone many transitions between separate sexes and hermaphroditism, which is of interest in studying the evolution of sex determination and differentiation. Here, we combined multi-locus genotypes obtained from restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing with anatomical observations of the gonads of three deep-sea hydrothermal vent gastropods of the genus Alviniconcha living in the southwest Pacific. We found that all three species (Alviniconcha boucheti, Alviniconcha strummeri, and Alviniconcha kojimai) share the same male-heterogametic XY sex-determination system but that the gonads of XX A.

Evaluation of tire tread particle toxicity to fish using rainbow trout cell lines.

Tire and road wear particles (TRWP) resulting from tire abrasion while driving raise concerns due to their potential contribution to aquatic toxicity. Our study aimed to assess cryogenically milled tire tread (CMTT) particle toxicity, used as a proxy for TRWP, and associated chemicals to fish using two Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) cell lines representing the gill (RTgill-W1) and the intestinal (RTgutGC) epithelium. CMTT toxicity was evaluated through several exposure pathways, including direct contact, leaching, and digestion, while also assessing the impact of particle aging.

Seasonal Dynamics of Various Scab-Causing Genotypes Among Potato Fields on Prince Edward Island.

Potato common scab is an important bacterial plant disease caused by numerous species and strains. A better understanding of the genetic diversity and population dynamics of these microorganisms in the field is crucial to develop effective control methods. Our research group previously studied the genetic diversity of scab-causing spp.

Case report: Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease presenting with acute encephalopathy.

Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID), a neurodegenerative disease previously thought to be rare, is increasingly recognized despite heterogeneous clinical presentations. NIID is pathologically characterized by ubiquitin and p-62 positive intranuclear eosinophilic inclusions that affect multiple organ systems, including the brain, skin, and other tissues. Although the diagnosis of NIID is challenging due to phenotypic heterogeneity, a greater understanding of the clinical and imaging presentations can improve accurate and early diagnosis.

Preliminary Evidence that Memantine Enhances Prepulse Effects on Startle Magnitude and Latency in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: The uncompetitive NMDA antagonist, memantine (MEM), enhances prepulse inhibition of startle (PPI) across species. MEM is used to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD); conceivably, its acute impact on PPI might be used to predict a patient's sensitivity to MEM's therapeutic effects.

Objective: To begin to test this possibility, we studied MEM effects on PPI and related measures in AD patients.

Pyoluteorin and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol are major contributors to Pf-5 biocontrol against in cannabis.

Pf-5 is an effective biocontrol agent that protects many crops against pathogens, including the fungal pathogen causing gray mold disease in crops. Previous studies have demonstrated the important role of antibiotics pyoluteorin (PLT) and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) in Pf-5-mediated biocontrol. To assess the potential involvement of PLT and DAPG in the biocontrol exerted by Pf-5 against in the phyllosphere of , two knockout Pf-5 mutants were generated by in-frame deletion of genes or , required for the synthesis of PLT or DAPG respectively, using a two-step allelic exchange method.

Anticholinergic Drug Burden and Neurocognitive Performance in the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging.

Background: Studies of cumulative anticholinergic drug burden on cognitive function and impairment are emerging, yet few for Hispanics/Latinos.

Objective: To examine associations between anticholinergic use and neurocognitive performance outcomes among diverse Hispanics/Latinos.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included diverse Hispanic/Latino participants, enrolled in the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive, from New York, Chicago, Miami, and San Diego (n = 6,249).

In Tuber Biocontrol of Potato Late Blight by a Collection of Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid-Producing spp.

Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) produced by plant-beneficial spp. is an antibiotic with antagonistic activities against , the causal agent of potato late blight. In this study, a collection of 23 different PCA-producing spp.

Rheological and water binding properties of xanthan, guar and ultra-finely milled oatmeal in white birch sap: Influence of sap minor constituents.

White Birch Sap (WBS) contains appreciable amounts of mineral ions and phenolic compounds and can be used as alternate solvent for food applications. In this study, the effect of the mineral and phenolic composition of WBS was evaluated on the physical properties of xanthan gum, guar gum, ultra-finely milled oatmeal and their combinations in solution. Solutions were formulated with WBS and with solvents mimicking WBS without phenolic compounds and WBS without phenolics nor mineral ions.

Inhibition of Three Potato Pathogens by Phenazine-Producing spp. Is Associated with Multiple Biocontrol-Related Traits.

Phenazine-producing Pseudomonas spp. are effective biocontrol agents that aggressively colonize the rhizosphere and suppress numerous plant diseases. In this study, we compared the ability of 63 plant-beneficial phenazine-producing Pseudomonas strains representative of the worldwide diversity to inhibit the growth of three major potato pathogens: the oomycete Phytophthora infestans, the Gram-positive bacterium Streptomyces scabies, and the ascomycete Verticillium dahliae.

Ceftazidime-Induced Neurotoxicity in an 80-Year-Old Female With Renal Dysfunction: A Case Report.

Neurological toxicity is a relatively rare adverse reaction reported in elderly patients treated with cephalosporins. We present a case of ceftazidime-induced encephalopathy in the context of acute kidney injury in an 80-year-old female treated for a prosthetic joint infection. During the course of treatment, the patient developed sudden confusion and disorientation.

Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia refers to a particular onset and course of cognitive and functional decline associated with age together with a particular neuropathology. It was first described by Alois Alzheimer in 1906 about a patient whom he first encountered in 1901. Modern clinical diagnostic criteria have been developed, and criteria have also been proposed to recognize preclinical (or presymptomatic) stages of the disease with the use of biomarkers.

Amygdala sign, a FDG-PET signature of dementia with Lewy Bodies.

Background: Biomarkers are being used increasingly to support the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Novel biomarkers that increase diagnostic specificity of DLB are needed. We assessed previously known FDG-PET occipital cortex hypometabolism, and cingulate island sign biomarkers of DLB against a novel amygdala signature.