Forestier's syndrome : a rare cause of dysphagia. A case report and review of the literature.

We report a 72-year-old male with Forestier's syndrome suffering of dysphagia due to an anterior cervical calcification, unusually great in both volume and extent. Its resection by anterior approach allowed the immediate restoration of a normal swallowing. A bony resection is sufficient in case of Forestier's syndrome, but it must be associated with fixation in case of degenerative osteophyte with disc instability.

Radiographic analysis of the listhesis associated with lumbar isthmic spondylolysis.

Background: In cases of spondylolysis, hypoplasia of L5 mimicking spondylolisthesis has been described, mainly based on MRI; however, the treatment implications have not been analyzed specifically.

Objective: Assess the impact of hypoplasia of the L5 vertebral body in the constitution of the spondylolisthesis associated with isthmic spondylolysis.

Material And Methods: A retrospective radiographic study in the standing position was performed with 104 patients with L5 isthmic spondylolysis and 24 control subjects.

Influence of a variation in the position of the arms on the sagittal connection of the gravity line with the spinal structures.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of the position of the arms on the location of the body's gravity line.

Previous Data: The sagittal balance of the pelvi-spinal unit is organized so that the gravity line is localized in a way that limits the mechanical loads and the muscle efforts. This position of the gravity line was analyzed in vivo, in standing position, the arms dangling, by the barycentremeter, a gamma rays scanner.

[Medical education under the Revolution and the Empire].

After the suppression of medical education during the French revolution in 1793, the lack of caregivers is dramatic, especially in the army. The medical education is therefore rehabilitated in 1794 in 3 (then 6) Health Schools, which will become Schools of Medicine and Faculties of Medicine, incorporated in 1808 into then Imperial University. During 3 years, the courses are theoretical and also based on a practical teaching on the patient.

Pelvic incidence: a predictive factor for three-dimensional acetabular orientation-a preliminary study.

Acetabular cup orientation (inclination and anteversion) is a fundamental topic in orthopaedics and depends on pelvis tilt (positional parameter) emphasising the notion of a safe range of pelvis tilt. The hypothesis was that pelvic incidence (morphologic parameter) could yield a more accurate and reliable assessment than pelvis tilt. The aim was to find out a predictive equation of acetabular 3D orientation parameters which were determined by pelvic incidence to include in the model.

How is sagittal balance acquired during bipedal gait acquisition? Comparison of neonatal and adult pelves in three dimensions. Evolutionary implications.

We compare adult and intact neonatal pelves, using a pelvic sagittal variable, the angle of sacral incidence, which presents significant correlations with vertebral curvature in adults and plays an important role in sagittal balance of the trunk on the lower limbs. Since the lumbar curvature develops in the child in association with gait acquisition, we expect a change in this angle during growth which could contribute to the acquisition of sagittal balance. To understand the mechanisms underlying the sagittal balance in the evolution of human bipedalism, we also measure the angle of incidence of hominid fossils.

Follow-up of the sagittal spine by optical technique.

Objectives: Report the use of an optical technique for individual monitoring of the sagittal morphology of the spine in an upright position while avoid irradiation.

Subjects And Methods: The series consists of 15 asymptomatic subjects and 326 cases with spinal disorders. Sagittal analysis is expressed by the global trunk tilt (GTT), the intensity of the curves and their level of inflection.

Relationship between sacral pelvic incidence and acetabular orientation.

The importance of the sacral pelvic incidence (SPI) in relation to individual variations of sagittal spinal curvature has become well-recognised. We attempted to determine the relationship between SPI and acetabular orientation. The three-dimensional coordinates of 47 homologous points were observed on 51 adult anatomical pelvises (26 female and 25 male).

Correction for patient sway in radiographic biplanar imaging for three-dimensional reconstruction of the spine: in vitro study of a new method.

Background: Three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of the spine in the upright position are classically obtained using two-dimensional, non-simultaneous radiographic imaging. However, a subject's sway between exposures induces inaccuracy in the 3D reconstructions.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of patient sway between successive radiographic exposures, and to test if 3D reconstruction accuracy can be improved by a corrective method with simultaneous Moire-X-ray imaging.

Influence of the sagittal balance of the spine on the anterior pelvic plane and on the acetabular orientation.

The Anterior Pelvic Plane (APP), defined by the anterior superior iliac spines and the pubic tubercle, was commonly used as reference for positioning and postoperative evaluation of the orientation of the acetabular cup in total hip arthroplasty. APP was assumed to be vertical, but was not observed always so, mostly because of associated spinal diseases inducing perturbations in the harmony of the sagittal balance of the pelvi-spinal unit. Consequently a sagittal rotation of the pelvis occurs, and so a tilt of the APP which alters directly the orientation of the cup in upright position.

[Two key describers of the sacro-acetabular relationships: the angles of sacral and acetabular incidence].

Purpose Of The Study: Implantation of total hip arthroplasties raises several important questions concerning the relationship between the orientation of the lumbosacral joint and the acetabular-femoral joint; in other words, between the position of the patients trunk and the orientation of the acetabula. To elucidate better these complex relationships, we conducted a morphometry study on a sample of 51 dry pelves: pelv 26 female and 25 male specimens.

Material And Methods: Three-dimensional coordinates of 47 homologous points were recorded for each pelvis.

Cervical spondylolysis in a child: a case with hypermobility.

Background Context: Cervical spondylolysis (CS) is a rare disorder involving a cleft in the articular mass, at the junction of the superior and inferior facet joints, and often a complex malformation of the posterior elements of the vertebra. The most commonly affected level is the sixth cervical vertebra. Most of the cases are adults.

Influence of the sagittal anatomy of the pelvis on the intercrestal line position.

Background And Objective: The line joining the two iliac crests is classically regarded as the anatomical landmark determining the inter-vertebral space L4-L5 for the spinal punctures. Its variability has been reported but never related to predictive clinical anatomic factors identifying patients groups in which there is increased risk of miscalculation of the spinal level.

Methods: Two sagittal pelvic anatomical angles, called 'pelvic incidence' and 'pelvic lordosis' were measured on lateral X-rays of the pelvis of 132 normal individuals and 49 spondylolysis patients.

Gravitational forces and sagittal shape of the spine. Clinical estimation of their relations.

The sagittal morphology of the pelvis determines the amount of lordosis needed for each individual. The proper harmony of the sagittal spinal curves allows a stable balance, economical in terms of mechanical effects and muscular energy. A previous barycentremetrical laboratory study allowed us to demonstrate that the axis of gravity of the upper body segment was located behind the lumbar vertebrae and the femoral heads, thus ensuring economy and stability.

The femoro-sacral posterior angle: an anatomical sagittal pelvic parameter usable with dome-shaped sacrum.

The sagittal pelvic morphology modulates the individual alignment of the spine. Anatomical angular parameters were described as follows: the "Pelvic Incidence" (PI) and the Jackson's angle "Pelvic Lordosis" (PR-S1). Significant chains of relationships were expressed connecting these angles with pelvic and spinal positional parameters.

Three-dimensional study of pelvic asymmetry on anatomical specimens and its clinical perspectives.

The aim of this study was to assess pelvic asymmetry (i.e. to determine whether the right iliac bone and the right part of the sacrum are mirror images of the left), both quantitatively and qualitatively, using three-dimensional measurements.

[Unfavorable influence of the dynamic neutralization system on sagittal balance of the spine].

Purpose Of The Study: The dynamic neutralization system (Dynesis) has been proposed for the treatment of symptomatic lumbar discopathy. This system preserves the mobility of the instrumented vertebral segment and restores discal height by posterior distraction on pedicular screws, stabilization being ensured by compression on a spacer. The potential kyphosing effect of this system and the impact on sagittal morphology of the spine were analyzed.

Sagittal alignment of spine and pelvis regulated by pelvic incidence: standard values and prediction of lordosis.

Pelvis and spinal curves were studied with an angular parameter typical of pelvis morphology: pelvic incidence. A significant chain of correlations between positional pelvic and spinal parameters and incidence is known. This study investigated standards of incidence and a predictive equation of lordosis from selective pelvic and spinal individual parameters.

Sagittal plane alignment of the spine and gravity: a radiological and clinical evaluation.

Analysis of the sagittal balance of the spine includes the study of the spinal curves and of the pelvis in the sagittal plane. It therefore requires full-spine lateral radiographs. The sagittal balance of the spine was studied in forty-nine young adults.

[Arthrosynovial cyst of the hip after total hip arthroplasty with a ceramic-on-ceramic interface].

An inguinal arthrosynovial cyst of the hip joint developed after total hip arthroplasty leading to compression of the femoral vein. This complication occurred after implantation of a non-cemented prosthesis with a ceramic-on-ceramic interface inserted in a polyethylene sandwich. Multiple foreign bodies composed of both ceramic and polyethylene particles were visualized microscopically.

The sagittal anatomy of the sacrum among young adults, infants, and spondylolisthesis patients.

The anatomic pelvic parameter "incidence" - the angle between the line perpendicular to the middle of the sacral plate and the line joining the middle of the sacral plate to the center of the bicoxo-femoral axis - has been shown to be strongly correlated with the sacral slope and lumbar lordosis, and ensures the individual an economical standing position. It is important for determining the sagittal curve of the spine. The angle of incidence has also been shown to depend partly on the sagittal anatomy of sacrum, which is established in childhood while learning to stand and walk.

[Femoro-patellar prosthesis. A retrospective study of 45 consecutive cases with a follow-up of 3-12 years].

Forty-five consecutive patients operated between 1986 and 1995 were evaluated to assess the long term results of patellofemoral arthroplasty. Revision had to be performed in 8 cases for the following reasons: loosening (3), lateral impingement (3), malposition (1) and persistent patella instability (1). Two groups of patients were identified based upon the preoperative assessment: 21 had primary osteoarthritis without anatomic malalignment (group C) and 24 had a history of patellofemoral instability and trochlear dysplasia demonstrated by clinical and radiological evaluation (group D).

Monoarticular chronic synovitis in a child.

Lipoma arborescens is a villous lipomatous proliferation of the synovial membrane characterized by chronic and painless synovial effusion. The aetiology is unknown. It has to be included in the differential diagnosis of chronic monoarticular disease in childhood.