Dapsone for thrombocytopenic purpura related to human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dapsone on platelet count in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related autoimmune thrombocytopenia.

Patients And Methods: Eleven patients with HIV-related thrombocytopenia received dapsone (50 to 125 mg/day) for 2 to 43 months. Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were not enrolled.

Peste des petits ruminants.

The peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is proving to be a disease which has an increasingly significant economic impact on a number of countries in Africa and the Middle East, and possibly also on the Indian sub-continent. The antigenic relationships which exist between the PPR and rinderpest viruses pose problems for diagnosis which complicates rinderpest control and eradication programmes. Progress has recently been made in regard to diagnosis (specific nucleic probes and monoclonal antibodies), as well as control (homologous vaccine).

[Acquired von Willebrand's disease, cryoglobulinemia and pseudoanalbuminemia in monoclonal dysglobulinemia].

The authors report an exceptional case of complex monoclonal dysglobulinaemia characterized by cryoglobulinaemia, pseudoanalbuminaemia and acquired type 1 Von Willebrand's disease. All these biological abnormalities are consecutive to the formation of molecular complexes in vivo. These complexes have also been found in vitro between albumin immunoglobulins G.

Comparison of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses using anti-nucleoprotein monoclonal antibodies.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were obtained using a purified preparation of the RBOK strain of a rinderpest vaccine virus. The cytoplasmic immunofluorescent staining test showed that these clones had specificity for the nucleoprotein (N) of the virus. Six clones which immunoprecipitated the N protein corroborated these results.

Cell replication and unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) activity of low molecular weight chlorinated paraffins in the rat liver in vivo.

The rodent carcinogen C12-chlorinated paraffin (C12-CP) has been evaluated for unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) activity in the rat liver in vivo. Evidence of cell proliferation was also assessed by measuring cells undergoing semi-conservative DNA activity (S phase). No evidence of UDS was observed at doses up to 2 g/kg at either 2 or 12 h after dosing.

Activity of 2-acetylaminofluorene as a UDS inducing agent in B6C3F1 mouse hepatocytes in vitro.

2-Acetylaminofluorene (2AAF) is shown to be reproducibly active in inducing UDS in cultured hepatocytes from a B6C3F1 mouse liver.

[Epidemiologic survey and serodiagnosis of contagious agalactia of small ruminants in Eastern Algeria].

Contagious agalactia is largely present all over the world and affects most of the African countries. It plays an important economic role in terms of subsequent milk and meat losses. One third of the 15 millions of sheep living in Algeria is present in the Eastern regions.

[Chemical composition of feces from bovines, sheep and goats feeding from Sahelo-Sudanese natural or farming fields: its use for estimating the nutritive value of their diet].

The chemical composition of grazing cattle, sheep and goat feces is described according to animal species, type of range (natural pasture or fields after crops) and season in a sub-Sahelian environment. Nutritive value (organic matter digestibility and digestible crude protein) of forages can be estimated from some chemical fecal criteria.

Assay-specific genotoxicity of N-nitrosodibenzylamine to the rat liver in vivo.

N-Nitrosodibenzylamine (NDBzA) is mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium and induces DNA strand breaks in isolated rat hepatocytes, yet it is reported to be non-carcinogenic to the rat. Here we report that it is inactive in both the rat and mouse bone marrow micronucleus assays and in a rat liver autoradiographic assay for unscheduled DNA synthesis. It is, however, clearly active as a micronucleus-inducing agent and mitogen in the rat liver and is capable of inducing single-strand breaks in the DNA of rat liver.

Evaluation of dichloromethane as an inducer of DNA synthesis in the B6C3F1 mouse liver.

The potential of the mouse hepatocarcinogen dichloromethane (DCM) to induce hepatocellular division, as monitored by increased DNA synthesis, has been evaluated using B6C3F1 mice--the strain in which it is carcinogenic but not apparently genotoxic. Male mice were exposed to DCM either by oral gavage in corn oil (1000 mg/kg) or by inhalation of an atmosphere containing 4000 p.p.

The rat-liver carcinogen N-nitrosomorpholine initiates unscheduled DNA synthesis and induces micronuclei in the rat liver in vivo.

Alkylation of DNA is generally accepted as the primary event in the carcinogenicity of nitrosamines. However, the cyclic nitrosamine N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR), a potent rat hepatocarcinogen, has been reported as binding at very low levels to the liver DNA of treated rats. This led us to investigate the activity of NMOR in two in vivo rat-liver genotoxicity assays--for the induction of unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) and the production of micronucleated hepatocytes in the liver micronucleus assay (LMN).

[Treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and thrombocytopenia associated with the HIV virus using anti-Rhesus immunoglobulins].

Fourteen Rhesus-positive patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura or thrombocytopenia associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were treated with intravenous Rhesus antibodies. The mean total dose was 6,800 micrograms administered over a 3 to 6 days' period. A significant rise in platelet count was observed in 13 of the 14 Rhesus-positive patients, but not in 3 Rhesus-negative patients used as controls.

[Autologous transfusion by peroperative salvage in orthotopic transplantation of the liver].

As large quantities of blood are required during orthotopic liver transplantation, intraoperative autotransfusion is therefore often carried out in adult patients. This study aimed to assess the ease of use of this technique, its efficiency and possible side-effects. Intraoperative blood salvage was carried out using a Cell Saver 4R (Haemonetics) in 14 patients.

[Autotransfusion by peroperative recuperation in neurosurgery. Preliminary study apropos of 40 cases].

Preliminary results of autotransfusion by peroperatory recuperation and washing of red blood cells in neurosurgery using the Cell Saver IV Haemonetics are reported. The goals of the study were the confirmation of the feasibility and innocuousness of the technique, and the evaluation of its role in the economy of homologous blood derivatives. Our series includes 40 patients with benign cerebral or spinal lesions selected on the basis of a significant hemorrhagic risk.

[2 cases of pulmonary excision in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. What is the role of surgery in AIDS?].

The authors report two cases of lung resection in patients with AIDS: left upper lobectomy for diagnosis and treatment of an active, localized lung lesion which proved to be tuberculosis and atypical resection of the right apex and pleurodesis for an infected pneumohydrothorax. The postoperative course was uneventful despite the fragile clinical context. The place of surgical indications for diagnostic purposes is reduced by the good results obtained with endoscopic investigations and limited to failures of these procedures and to pulmonary sarcomatous lesions.

Quinoline: unscheduled DNA synthesis and mitogenesis data from the rat liver in vivo.

Quinoline is a specific and potent carcinogen to the rat and mouse liver. Studies are described here in which it was evaluated for its ability to initiate unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) in the rat liver in vivo. Although some individual animals showed indications of a marginal response the absence of clear group positive responses and the lack of an obvious dose relationship precluded the classification of quinoline as positive.

[Hemodynamic and adrenergic effects of flumazenil after general anesthesia with flunitrazepam].

Reversal of benzodiazepine-induced sedation by flumazenil has been reported to produce no or minor hemodynamic alterations although some adverse responses have been observed. To better delineate circulatory and adrenergic modifications induced by flumazenil, 20 consenting patients scheduled for short orthopedic procedures were included in a double blind controlled study. Anesthesia consisted in flunitrazepam (30 to 40 micrograms.

[Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia: immunoenzymatic test and kinetics of antibody formation in experimental infection. Relation of complement fixation, excretion and the study of circulating antigen].

An experimental reproduction of CBPP was implemented and the animals were surveyed for serology during 4 months. The ELISA/IgG test detects the antibodies few days after the CF test but is more precise for detection on the longer term. The early antibody detection can be done with the ELISA/IgM test.

[Attenuation of a strain of rinderpest virus: potential homologous live vaccine].

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious disease of small ruminants frequently associated with severe mortality in these hosts. In countries where it occurs, PPR represents an important constraint to the improved productivity of sheep and goats. Until now the only way to combat this plague has been the use of heterologous rinderpest vaccine; all attempts to develop a homologous vaccine have ended in failure.