Endocervical Cytology: Inter- and Intra-Observer Variability in Conventional Pap Smears.

Introduction: Although the cytological diagnostic criteria for cervical squamous and glandular lesions are established by the Bethesda System for Reporting Cervical Cytology, the reproducibility of the diagnosis of these lesions has been shown to be variable in previous studies. At best, occasional good kappa (κ) values were reached both inter- and intra-observerly. Generally, consensus on high-grade lesions has been better compared to milder changes.

The clinical value of parasternal sentinel node biopsy in breast cancer.

Background: Lymphoscintigraphy (LS) with sentinel node (SN) biopsy is proposed to provide a feasible method to complete lymphatic staging in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical value of parasternal SN biopsy.

Methods: A total of 984 consecutive patients with clinical stage T1/2N0 invasive breast cancer who underwent LS and SN biopsy were included in the study.

The feasibility of intraoperative diagnosis of sentinel lymph node metastases in breast cancer.

Background And Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyse in detail the feasibility of intraoperative assessment of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer.

Methods: Altogether 139 consecutive breast cancer patients with metastases in axillary sentinel nodes were included in a prospective study. A combination of imprint cytology and frozen section was used as the method of intraoperative diagnosis of sentinel node metastases.