Reliability generalization meta-analysis of orthorexia nervosa using the ORTO-11/12/15/R scale in all populations and language versions.

Background: The ORTO scale was developed in 2004 as a self-report questionnaire to assess symptoms of orthorexia nervosa (ON). ON is an unhealthy preoccupation with eating healthy food. The scale aims to measure obsessive attitudes and behaviors related to the selection, purchase, preparation, and consumption of pure, healthy food.

Testicular Torsion in the Undescended Testis of a Four-Year-Old: A Delayed Diagnosis.

In this report, we discuss the case of a four-year-old boy known to have global developmental delay (GDD) and infantile spasm. The child was brought to the emergency department (ER) with a tender inguinal swelling and fever. Notably, there was no previous indication of an undescended testicle (UDT), and the scrotum was not examined in the ER initially.