Measuring Social Health Following Pediatric Critical Illness: A Scoping Review and Conceptual Framework.

Objective: Social health is an important component of recovery following critical illness as modeled in the pediatric Post-Intensive Care Syndrome framework. We conducted a scoping review of studies measuring social outcomes (measurable components of social health) following pediatric critical illness and propose a conceptual framework of the social outcomes measured in these studies.

Data Sources: PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Registry.

Effectiveness of a One Day Self-Compassion Training for Pediatric Nurses' Resilience.

Background: Resilience is a critical skill for nurses and other healthcare professionals, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet few nurses receive training that promotes emotional awareness and regulation, resilience, and self-compassion.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand if attending a one-day workshop format of the Self Compassion for Healthcare Communities (SCHC) program would improve pediatric nurses' resilience, well-being, and professional quality of life.

Design And Methods: Following a quasi-experimental design, pre, post, and follow-up surveys were acquired from 22 nurses who attended the training and 26 nurses who did not attend the training.

Postdischarge Outcome Domains in Pediatric Critical Care and the Instruments Used to Evaluate Them: A Scoping Review.

Objectives: Assessing outcomes after pediatric critical illness is imperative to evaluate practice and improve recovery of patients and their families. We conducted a scoping review of the literature to identify domains and instruments previously used to evaluate these outcomes.

Design: Scoping review.

Growth and Changing Characteristics of Pediatric Intensive Care 2001-2016.

Objectives: We assessed the growth, distribution, and characteristics of pediatric intensive care in 2016.

Design: Hospitals with PICUs were identified from prior surveys, databases, online searching, and clinician networking. A structured web-based survey was distributed in 2016 and compared with responses in a 2001 survey.

Models of Peer Support to Remediate Post-Intensive Care Syndrome: A Report Developed by the Society of Critical Care Medicine Thrive International Peer Support Collaborative.

Objectives: Patients and caregivers can experience a range of physical, psychologic, and cognitive problems following critical care discharge. The use of peer support has been proposed as an innovative support mechanism.

Design: We sought to identify technical, safety, and procedural aspects of existing operational models of peer support, among the Society of Critical Care Medicine Thrive Peer Support Collaborative.

Peer Support as a Novel Strategy to Mitigate Post-Intensive Care Syndrome.

Post-intensive care syndrome, a condition defined by new or worsening impairment in cognition, mental health, and physical function after critical illness, has emerged in the past decade as a common and life-altering consequence of critical illness. New strategies are urgently needed to mitigate the risk of neuropsychological and functional impairment common after critical illness and to prepare and support survivors on their road toward recovery. The present state of critical care survivorship is described, and postdischarge care delivery in the United States and the potential impact of the present-day fragmented model of care delivery are detailed.

Potential Impact of a Validated Screening Tool for Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma.

Objective: To conduct a retrospective, theoretical comparison of actual pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) screening for abusive head trauma (AHT) vs AHT screening guided by a previously validated 4-variable clinical prediction rule (CPR) in datasets used by the Pediatric Brain Injury Research Network to derive and validate the CPR.

Study Design: We calculated CPR-based estimates of abuse probability for all 500 patients in the datasets. Next, we demonstrated a positive and very strong correlation between these estimates of abuse probability and the overall diagnostic yields of our patients' completed skeletal surveys and retinal examinations.

Validation of a clinical prediction rule for pediatric abusive head trauma.

Background And Objective: To reduce missed cases of pediatric abusive head trauma (AHT), Pediatric Brain Injury Research Network investigators derived a 4-variable AHT clinical prediction rule (CPR) with sensitivity of .96. Our objective was to validate the screening performance of this AHT CPR in a new, equivalent patient population.

Variability in IRBs regarding parental acceptance of passive consent.

Objective: Passive, opt-out recruitment strategies have the potential to improve efficiency and enlarge the participant pool for clinical studies. We report on the feasibility of using a passive consent strategy for a multicenter pediatric study.

Methods: We assessed the response to passive and active control recruitment strategies used in a multicenter pediatric cohort study and describe the variability in acceptance among institutional review boards (IRBs) and parents of pediatric patients.

Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis in a mixed medical/surgical pediatric ICU.

Background: Adult studies have demonstrated that ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT) may be a precursor to ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). No published data on VAT in pediatric ICUs (PICUs) were found. The purposes of this retrospective, descriptive study are to describe the incidence, characteristics, and outcomes of patients at risk for VAT and formalize a process of VAT surveillance in the PICU population.

Fluid balance in critically ill children with acute lung injury.

Objectives: In the Fluid and Catheter Treatment Trial (NCT00281268), adults with acute lung injury randomized to a conservative vs. liberal fluid management protocol had increased days alive and free of mechanical ventilator support (ventilator-free days). Recruiting sufficient children with acute lung injury into a pediatric trial is challenging.

Incidence and risk factors associated with venous thrombotic events in pediatric intensive care unit patients.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence and risk factors associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE) in children admitted to pediatric intensive care units (PICUs).

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: Eleven tertiary care PICUs in the United States.

Current treatment practices of venous thromboembolism in children admitted to pediatric intensive care units.

Objective: To describe current treatment practices of VTE in patients admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and compare these practices to published guidelines.

Background: While the incidence of VTE is increasing, current treatment practices of VTE in patients admitted to PICUs are not known.

Methods: This multicenter, prospective, observational study enrolled patients with confirmed VTE admitted to 11 PICUs over a rolling 6-month study period.

Finding the right words: using the terms allow natural death (AND) and do not resuscitate (DNR) in pediatric palliative care.

When children are dying in a hospital setting, healthcare providers need to help families make important end-of-life care decisions. Most providers use the term do not resuscitate (DNR) when suggesting a course of action that involves not using extraordinary lifesaving measures. Some healthcare providers use the term allow natural death (AND) to discuss this same approach.