Can artificial intelligence improve patient educational material readability? A systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Enhancing patient comprehension of their health is crucial in improving health outcomes. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in distilling medical information into a conversational, legible format can potentially enhance health literacy. This review aims to examine the accuracy, reliability, comprehensiveness and readability of medical patient education materials (PEMs) simplified by AI models.

Incidence of contrast-induced neurotoxicity following endovascular treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: a single-centre cohort study.

Background: Contrast-induced neurotoxicity (CIN) is a recognised complication of endovascular procedures and has been increasingly observed in recent years. Amongst other clinical gaps, the precise incidence of CIN is unclear, particularly following intracranial interventional procedures.

Methods: A retrospective study of consecutive patients undergoing elective endovascular treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) was performed.

Neuroradiological features of contrast-induced neurotoxicity: A systematic review and pooled analysis.

Background: Contrast-induced neurotoxicity (CIN), is an increasingly recognised complication of endovascular procedures, presenting as a spectrum of neurological symptoms that mimic ischaemic stroke. The diagnosis of CIN remains a clinical challenge, and stereotypical imaging findings are not established. This study was conducted to characterise the neuroimaging findings in patients with CIN, to raise diagnostic awareness and improve decision making.

Clinical management of contrast-induced neurotoxicity: a systematic review.

Background: Contrast-induced neurotoxicity (CIN) is an increasingly recognised complication following endovascular procedures utilising contrast. It remains poorly understood with heterogenous clinical management strategies. The aim of this review was to identify commonly employed treatments for CIN to enhance clinical decision making.

Pathophysiology of Contrast-Induced Neurotoxicity: A Narrative Review of Possible Mechanisms.

Background: Contrast-induced neurotoxicity (CIN) is an increasingly observed event following the administration of iodinated contrast. It presents as a spectrum of neurological symptoms that closely mimic ischaemic stroke, however, CIN remains a poorly understood clinical phenomenon. An appreciation of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms is essential to improve clinical understanding and enhance decision-making.

Microsurgical disconnection of a T12/L1 ventral intradural perimedullary arteriovenous fistula (type IV) via instrumented trans-pedicular approach.

We present a case of microsurgical disconnection of a PMAVF supplied by the artery of Adamkiewicz with fistulation at the ventral spinal cord.

Current knowledge and perspectives of contrast-induced neurotoxicity: A survey of Australian clinicians.

Background: Contrast-induced Neurotoxicity (CIN) is an increasingly recognised complication following endovascular procedures. It remains a relatively unexplored clinical entity, and we sought to characterise clinician perspectives towards CIN, as well as identify gaps in knowledge and provide directions for future research.

Methods: An online survey was distributed to members of the Australian and New Zealand Society of Neuroradiology, as well as several Australian tertiary hospitals.

Tranexamic acid as a novel adjunct in the management of vessel perforation complicating Endovascular Clot Retrieval.

Aim: To assess the safety and utility of tranexamic acid (TXA) as an adjunct salvage therapy in iatrogenic vessel perforation complicating endovascular clot retrieval. Iatrogenic vessel perforation and extravasation are known and potentially fatal complications of endovascular clot retrieval (ECR). Various methods of establishing haemostasis post perforation have been reported.

Sustainability in interventional radiology: are we doing enough to save the environment?

Background: Healthcare waste contributes substantially to the world's carbon footprint. Our aims are to review the current knowledge of Interventional Radiology (IR) waste generation and ways of reducing waste in practice, to quantify the environmental and financial impact of waste generated and address green initiatives to improve IR waste management.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in July 2022 using the Medline and Embase literature databases.

Global Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Stroke Volumes and Cerebrovascular Events: A 1-Year Follow-up.

Background And Objectives: Declines in stroke admission, IV thrombolysis (IVT), and mechanical thrombectomy volumes were reported during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a paucity of data on the longer-term effect of the pandemic on stroke volumes over the course of a year and through the second wave of the pandemic. We sought to measure the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the volumes of stroke admissions, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), IVT, and mechanical thrombectomy over a 1-year period at the onset of the pandemic (March 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021) compared with the immediately preceding year (March 1, 2019, to February 29, 2020).

A Meta-Analysis of Rupture Risk for Intracranial Aneurysms 10 mm or Less in Size Selected for Conservative Management Without Repair.

Background: Small unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) are considered to have low risk of rupture. The proportion of UIAs measuring 10 mm or less in size that rupture when selected for conservative management without repair is not well known. The aim of this study is to determine the proportion of UIAs that rupture by size threshold from ≤10 to ≤3 mm when selected for management without repair and to determine the level of precision and sources of heterogeneity in the rupture risk estimate.

The Woven EndoBridge Device for the Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: Initial Clinical Experience within an Australian Population.

Purpose: Advances in endovascular technology have expanded the treatment options for intracranial aneurysms. Intrasaccular flow diversion is a relatively new technique that aims to disrupt blood inflow at the neck of the aneurysm, hence promoting intrasaccular thrombosis. The Woven EndoBridge device (WEB; MicroVention, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA) is an US Food and Drug Administration approved intrasaccular flow diverter for wide-necked aneurysms.

Topographic Evolution of Anterior Cerebral Artery Infarction and Its Impact on Motor Impairment.

Introduction: Motor deficit is common following anterior cerebral artery (ACA) stroke. This study aimed to determine the impact on the motor outcome, given the location of descending corticofugal fiber tracts (from the primary motor cortex [M1], dorsal and ventral premotor area [PMdv], and supplementary motor area [SMA]) and the regional variations in collateral support of the ACA territory.

Methods: Patients with ACA vessel occlusion were included.

Endovascular Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms Using the Novel Low Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support EVO Stent: Multicenter Early Feasibility Experience.

Purpose: Low-profile, self-expandable stents have broadened therapeutic options available for definitive treatment of intracranial aneurysms. The novel Low-Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support (LVIS) EVO stent extends upon the success of its predecessor, the LVIS Jr stent, aiming to enable higher visibility and greater opening ability within a self-expandable and fully retrievable microstent system. In this study, we aim to report the early safety and feasibility experience with the LVIS EVO stent.

Anterior Cerebral Artery Stroke: Role of Collateral Systems on Infarct Topography.

Background And Purpose: The circle of Willis (CoW) and leptomeningeal anastomoses play an important role in transforming infarct topography following middle cerebral artery occlusion. Their role in infarct topography following anterior cerebral artery occlusion is not well understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the CoW and leptomeningeal anastomoses in modifying regional variation in infarct topography following occlusion of the anterior cerebral artery and its branches.

COILUMICA: coil embolization of a coronary artery to pulmonary artery fistula via novel dual lumen micro catheter technique.

Background: Management of coronary artery fistula (CAF) is based on obliterating the fistula communication between the cardiac arteries and other thoracic vessels.

Case Presentation: We describe the presentation of an 85-year-old female with progressive exertional dyspnea on a background of a long standing left anterior descending diagonal to pulmonary artery fistula. We utilized neuro-interventional techniques to perform coil embolization via use of a Scepter XC dual lumen micro catheter.

Environmental sustainability in neurointerventional procedures: a waste audit.

Background: Operating rooms contribute between 20% to 70% of hospital waste. This study aimed to evaluate the waste burden of neurointerventional procedures performed in a radiology department, identify areas for waste reduction, and motivate new greening initiatives.

Methods: We performed a waste audit of 17 neurointerventional procedures at a tertiary-referral center over a 3-month period.

Acute middle cerebral artery stroke in a patient with a patent middle cerebral artery.

Purpose Of Review: Knowledge of cerebrovascular anatomical variants is vital for clinicians working with patients presenting with signs and symptoms of cerebral infarction, particularly in the era of endovascular clot retrieval.

Recent Findings: We provide an overview of a cerebrovascular anatomical variation and detail a patient presenting with cerebral infarction secondary to occlusion of their anomalous vessel who underwent successful endovascular clot retrieval with excellent functional outcome. We also include technical descriptions.

Meta-Analysis of Accuracy of the Spot Sign for Predicting Hematoma Growth and Clinical Outcomes.

Background and Purpose- The computed tomography angiographic spot sign refers to contrast leakage within intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). It has been proposed as a surrogate radiological marker for ICH growth. We conducted a meta-analysis to study the accuracy of the spot sign for predicting ICH growth and mortality.

Influence of comorbidities on treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms in the elderly.

Current evidence does not conclusively justify conservative management of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA) in the elderly (age ≥ 65 years). To rationalise intervention, the authors investigated the role of age and comorbidity burden on treatment outcomes. A retrospective chart review for consecutive cases of UIAs treated in the elderly between 2007 and 2018 was performed.

Tenecteplase versus Alteplase before Thrombectomy for Ischemic Stroke.

Background: Intravenous infusion of alteplase is used for thrombolysis before endovascular thrombectomy for ischemic stroke. Tenecteplase, which is more fibrin-specific and has longer activity than alteplase, is given as a bolus and may increase the incidence of vascular reperfusion.

Methods: We randomly assigned patients with ischemic stroke who had occlusion of the internal carotid, basilar, or middle cerebral artery and who were eligible to undergo thrombectomy to receive tenecteplase (at a dose of 0.

Safety and effectiveness of endovascular embolization or stent-graft reconstruction for treatment of acute carotid blowout syndrome in patients with head and neck cancer: Case series and systematic review of observational studies.

Background: Indications for treatment and outcomes after endovascular management of carotid blowout syndrome for patients with head and neck cancer are not well defined. We investigated the safety and effectiveness of endovascular embolization and stent-graft reconstruction.

Methods: A literature review was performed for studies published between 2001 and 2015 with relevance to treatment outcomes.