Activation of the apelin/APJ system by vitamin D attenuates age-related muscle atrophy.

Aims: Age-related frailty and reduced physical activity contribute to a degenerative loss of muscle mass, function, and strength, which is known as sarcopenia. Increasing evidence has shown that vitamin D has beneficial effects on the muscle health. However, the molecular mechanisms of vitamin D have not been fully elucidated.

Ceric Ammonium Nitrate Oxidation of a Mn Complex Generates a Bis(μ-oxo)dimanganese(IV,IV) Product via a Mn-Oxo Intermediate.

The oxidation of manganese complexes using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) is often complicated by the fact that cerium(IV) can serve as both an oxidant and a Lewis acid. In this work, we explore the reaction of CAN with the Mn complex [Mn(OTf)(N4py)](OTf) (N4py = ,-bis(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridylmethyl)--bis(2-pyridyl)methylamine). We chose this complex as multiple oxidation products, including oxomanganese(IV) and bis(μ-oxo)dimanganese(III,IV) complexes, have previously been reported.

Heterogeneous Integration of Complementary Field-Effect Transistors for High-Performance Micro LED Displays.

This study investigates a micro light-emitting diode (µLED) pixel circuit using the heterogeneous integration of complementary field-effect transistors (CFETs). The CFETs are fabricated using a semiconductor layer composed of tellurium (Te) and indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO) layers. Te and IGZO layers in the heterostructure IGZO/Te film exhibit hexagonal and amorphous phases, respectively, indicating that each layer maintains independent material characteristics.

Quaternarized chitosan nanofiber and ZIF aerogel composites for synergetic CO cycloaddition catalysis.

Chemical upcycling of CO, a major greenhouse gas, is attracting significant attention as a crucial strategy to combat global warming. The production of cyclic carbonate using metal-organic frameworks and their composites using nanofibrous carbohydrate polymer are promising ways to convert CO into valuable products. However, the current role of fibrous polymers is restricted to serving as physical substrates.

Differential susceptibility to hypoxia in hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α)-targeted freshwater water flea Daphnia magna mutants.

The water flea, Daphnia magna, serves as a key model organism for investigating the response of aquatic organisms to environmental stressors, including hypoxia. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) is a central regulatory protein involved in the cellular response to hypoxic conditions. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to create D.

Efficacy of the H7N9 vaccine as a candidate for the Korean avian influenza antigen bank.

The avian influenza A virus (H7N9), first detected in China in 2013, is a zoonotic virus that remains persistent in bird populations despite a decline in human cases owing to control measures. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a vaccine as one preventive strategy in anticipation of the potential entry of H7N9 into Korea. Using the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase consensus sequences of H7N9 from 2018-2019, a recombinant H7N9 vaccine, rgAPQAH7N9, was developed, and its protective efficacy in specific pathogen-free chickens was evaluated.

The Effects of Nanoplastics on the Dopamine System of Cerebrocortical Neurons.

Nanoplastics (NPx) can enter living organisms, including humans, through ecosystems, inhalation, and dermal contact and can be found from the intestine to the brain. However, it is unclear whether NPx accumulates and affects the dopamine system. In this study, we investigated the effects of NPx on the dopamine system in cultured murine cerebral cortex neurons.

Search for the Z Boson Decay to ττμμ in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

The first search for the Z boson decay to ττμμ at the CERN LHC is presented, based on data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1}. The data are compatible with the predicted background. For the first time, an upper limit at the 95% confidence level of 6.

FDG PET Images of Pseudoprogression After Nivolumab-FOLFOX Chemotherapy in a Gastric Cancer Patient.

A 60-year-old man diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma underwent FDG PET/CT. After completing 9 cycles of combination chemotherapy with nivolumab and FOLFOX, he had multiple new nodular uptakes in the bilateral cervical chains and mediastinum. The pathology of the right neck node confirmed reactive lymph node hyperplasia without evidence of malignancy, suggesting pseudoprogression after immunotherapy.

Ether-Free Alkaline Polyelectrolytes for Water Electrolyzers: Recent Advances and Perspectives.

Anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) have attracted great interest for their potential as sustainable, environmentally friendly, low-cost sources of renewable energy. Alkaline polyelectrolytes play a crucial role in AEMWEs, determining their performance and longevity. Because heteroatom-containing polymers have been shown to have poor durability in alkaline conditions, this review focuses on ether-free alkaline polyelectrolytes, which are more chemically stable.

Performance of consumer wrist-worn type sleep tracking devices compared to polysomnography: a meta-analysis.

Study Objectives: The use of sleep tracking devices is increasing as people become more aware of the importance of sleep and interested in monitoring their patterns. With many devices on the market, we conducted a meta-analysis comparing sleep-scoring data from consumer wrist-worn sleep tracking devices with polysomnography to validate the accuracy of devices.

Methods: We retrieved studies from the databases of SCOPUS, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and KoreaMed, and OVID Medline up to March 2024.

Amplified response of drug-induced liver fibrosis immune cell co-culture in a 3D hepatic fibrosis model.

Liver fibrosis, a critical consequence of chronic liver diseases, is characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition driven by inflammation. This process involves complex interactions among hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and Kupffer cells, the liver's resident macrophages. Kupffer cells are essential in initiating fibrosis through the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines that activate HSCs.

Mitochondrial morphology and energy metabolism in reprogrammed porcine expanded potential stem cells.

Objective: Expanded potential stem cells (EPSCs) are stem cells that can differentiate into embryonic and extraembryonic lineages, including extraembryonic endoderm and trophoblast lineages. Therefore, EPSCs have great potential in advancing regenerative medicine, elucidating disease mechanisms, and exploring early embryonic development. However, the generation and characterization of EPSCs in pigs have not been thoroughly explored.

Ultra-Slippery Hydrophilic Surfaces by Hybrid Monolayers.

Slippery solid surfaces with low droplet contact angle hysteresis (CAH) are crucial for applications in thermal management, energy harvesting, and environmental remediation. Traditionally, reducing CAH has been achieved by enhancing surface homogeneity. This work challenges this conventional approach by developing slippery yet hydrophilic surfaces through hybrid monolayers composed of hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG)-silane and hydrophobic alkyl-silane molecules.

Scalp cooling therapy for chemotherapy-induced hair loss in patients with breast or gynecological cancers-an Asian tertiary institution experience.

Purpose: Scalp cooling therapy (SCT) improves chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA), but there are few published data about its efficacy in an Asian-predominant population. We report our tertiary institution experience of SCT in patients with breast or gynaecological cancers undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods: The Paxman scalp cooling system was employed for eligible women with breast or gynaecological cancers receiving anthracycline or taxane-based chemotherapy.

Successful treatment of adjunctive teriparatide therapy for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: a report of two cases.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a refractory disease that can lead to severe destruction of the jaw. As there is no standard protocol for treating MRONJ, various treatments have been studied. Teriparatide has been used as an adjunct therapy for MRONJ.

Analysis of Clinical and Laboratory Profiles of Patients Hospitalized with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in Southwestern South Korea.

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is caused by hantaviruses. Data of 34 patients with HFRS hospitalized at Chosun University Hospital, South Korea, between 2010 and 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-nPCR) targeting the L segment of hantavirus and sequencing were used for diagnosis.

Carcass size, not source or taxon, dictates breeding performance and carcass use in a burying beetle.

Small vertebrate carcasses represent critical resources for many terrestrial organisms, including burying beetles, which rely on carcasses for survival and breeding. Carcass attributes can influence the reproduction of burying beetles, yet most studies on their breeding ecology have used laboratory-reared carcasses of limited sizes. We conducted breeding and feeding experiments using a wide size range of lab (laboratory mice) and wild carcasses (wild mammals, birds and reptiles) to investigate how carcass size, source and taxon affect various breeding outcomes (e.

Clinical Outcomes and Molecular Characteristics of Infections.

is the most common opportunistic anaerobic pathogen. In the absence of appropriate antimicrobial therapy, mortality rates associated with group infections can reach as high as 50%. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of infections and the molecular genetic characteristics of isolates.

Analysis of olfactory function in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin positivity.

To investigate disparities in sensitisation to Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin A/B (SEA/SEB) and olfactory function in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), those with CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and healthy controls who underwent septoplasty only. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 388 subjects aged ≥ 8 years, collected between January 2021 and June 2023. We analysed patient demographics, medical history, serum IgE levels against staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs), and serum total IgE levels against inhalant allergens.