Detection of Aortic Dissection and Intramural Hematoma in Non-Contrast Chest Computed Tomography Using a You Only Look Once-Based Deep Learning Model.

: Aortic dissection (AD) and aortic intramural hematoma (IMH) are fatal diseases with similar clinical characteristics. Immediate computed tomography (CT) with a contrast medium is required to confirm the presence of AD or IMH. This retrospective study aimed to use CT images to differentiate AD and IMH from normal aorta (NA) using a deep learning algorithm.

Characteristics of Side Effects in Non-Emergency Indications Using Computer-Controlled Pressurized Monoplace Hyperbaric Chambers: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) involves inhaling nearly 100% oxygen in a pressurized environment and is commonly used to treat various diseases and injuries. Despite its well-known safety, HBOT is associated with side effects, with frequent middle ear barotrauma (MEB) and oxygen toxicity. Understanding the characteristics and risk factors associated with these side effects is critical for improving patient compliance and treatment outcomes.

Risk Factors of Reoperation in Patients with Intestinal Behçet's Disease Treated by Initial Bowel Resection.

: Intestinal Behçet's disease (iBD) often requires surgical intervention, with a significant proportion of patients needing reoperation. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with reoperation in patients with iBD who underwent initial bowel resection and to evaluate the perioperative and long-term outcomes in these patients. : This was a retrospective case-control study analyzing patients who underwent their initial bowel resection due to iBD between 2005-2021 at a tertiary referral hospital.

Oral Microbial Changes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Focus on , , and .

In this study, we aimed to explore the oral bacteria and fungi that can help discern oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and investigate the correlations between multiple key pathogens. Twelve participants (8 females and 4 males; mean age, 54.33 ± 20.

The Characterisation of Carbapenem-Resistant and in a Teaching Hospital in Malaysia.

: The emergence and dissemination of carbapenem-resistant organisms, particularly and , pose a significant threat to healthcare systems worldwide. This retrospective study aims to characterise carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) and carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) strains in a teaching hospital and to determine the risk factors associated with patients' in-hospital mortality. : A total of 90 CRAB and 63 CRKP were included in this study.

Knockout of Gene Encoding Cytosolic Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Affects Energy Metabolism in Rice Seeds.

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a major glycolytic enzyme that plays an important role in several cellular processes, including plant hormone signaling, plant development, and transcriptional regulation. In this study, we divided it into four groups through structural analysis of eight genes identified in the rice genome. Among them, the expression level of five genes of cytosolic was shown to be different for each organ.

Mechanistic Insights into the Stimulatory Effect of Melanogenesis of 4-Methylcoumarin Derivatives in B16F10 Melanoma Cells.

Vitiligo is a skin condition characterized by the loss of pigment, resulting in white patches on various parts of the body. It occurs when melanocytes, the cells that are responsible for producing skin pigment, are destroyed or stop functioning. This study aimed to investigate the melanogenic potential of various 4-methylcoumarin (4MC) derivatives, including 6-methoxy-4-methylcoumarin (6M-4MC), 7-methoxy-4-methylcoumarin (7M-4MC), 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (7A-4MC), 6,7-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin (6,7DH-4MC), 7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin (7,8DH-4MC), and 6,7-dimethoxy-4-methylcoumarin (6,7DM-4MC), in B16F10 melanoma cells.

Integrated Transcriptome Profiling and Pan-Cancer Analyses Reveal Oncogenic Networks and Tumor-Immune Modulatory Roles for FABP7 in Brain Cancers.

Fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7) is a multifunctional chaperone involved in lipid metabolism and signaling. It is primarily expressed in astrocytes and neural stem cells (NSCs), as well as their derived malignant glioma cells within the central nervous system. Despite growing evidence for FABP7's tumor-intrinsic onco-metabolic functions, its mechanistic role in regulating the brain tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and its impact on prognosis at the molecular level remain incompletely understood.

Effects of Foot Position-Based Gait Training on Muscle Activity, Gait Parameters, and Balance in Subacute Stroke Patients.

Background: the effects of gait training based on the positioning of affected foot muscle activity, gait parameters, and balance ability were investigated in patients with subacute stroke.

Material And Methods: Forty-five patients with subacute stroke were randomly assigned to three groups: straight gait training (SGT) group ( = 15), outward curved gait training group (OCGT) with the paretic foot positioned laterally ( = 15), or inward curved gait training (ICGT) group with the paretic foot positioned medially ( = 15). All groups received 30 min interventions, comprising 15 min of gait training, five times per week for four weeks.

Immune environment of high-TIL breast cancer: triple negative and hormone receptor positive HER2 negative.

This study explores differences in immune cell (IC) composition and spatial distribution between triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer (HR + HER2-BC) in high-TIL (≥60%) cases, focusing on PD-L1 status. Using multiplex immunofluorescence on resected tumor tissues from 18 TNBC and 14 HR + HER2-BC cases, we analyzed IC types (CD20, CD8, CD4, FOXP3) and their spatial interactions. TNBC showed a unique IC composition characterized by a higher proportion of CD8 + IC (stroma: 27% vs 17%, p < 0.

Liposomal Codelivery of Doxorubicin and Curcumin Sensitizes Antitumor Activity and Reduces Tumor Metastasis.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle to traditional cancer treatment using chemotherapeutic agents like doxorubicin (DOX). MDR affects drug dosage regimens and enables the recurrence and metastasis of cancer. Because DOX causes severe side effects at high dosages, it is important to use an MDR modulator to make cancer cells sensitive to DOX.

Overcoming Challenges in Interdisciplinary Collaboration Between Human and Veterinary Medicine.

Companion animals, such as dogs and cats, have gained considerable attention in translational medicine due to their potential as models for human diseases. The use of these animals in research has opened new avenues for developing treatments that can benefit both human and veterinary patients, aligning with the One Health approach. Unlike traditional laboratory models like mice, rats, and rabbits, companion animals naturally develop diseases that closely mirror those in humans, including but not limited to diabetes, aging, cancer, and neurological disorders, making them particularly valuable in translational research.

Enhanced Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses Elicited by Adenoviral Delivery of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Motif Fused to Human Fc.

: The receptor binding motif (RBM) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is critical for viral entry into host cells. Development of a vaccine targeting this region is a promising strategy for COVID-19 prevention. To enhance the immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, we developed an adenoviral vector expressing the RBM from the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein that fused to the human Fc (hFc) domain.

Polyhexamethylene Guanidine Phosphate Induces Restrictive Ventilation Defect and Alters Lung Resistance and Compliance in Mice.

Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-p), a major ingredient of humidifier disinfectants, is known to induce inflammation, interstitial pneumonitis, and fibrosis in the lungs. While its histopathologic toxicities have been studied in rodents, research on pulmonary function test (PFT) changes following PHMG-p exposure is limited. This study aimed to investigate the acute and chronic effects, as well as the dose and time response, of PHMG-p on the lungs in mice using PFT and histopathologic examinations.

Odd-Numbered Agaro-Oligosaccharides Produced by α-Neoagaro-Oligosaccharide Hydrolase Exert Antioxidant Activity in Human Dermal Fibroblasts.

Agarases produce agar oligosaccharides with various structures exhibiting diverse physiological activities. α-Neoagaro-oligosaccharide hydrolase (α-NAOSH) specifically cleaves even-numbered neoagaro-oligosaccharides, producing 3,6-anhydro-l-galactose (l-AHG) and odd-numbered agaro-oligosaccharides (OAOSs). In this study, α-NAOSH from the agar-degrading marine bacterium JEA5 (Gaa117) was purified and characterized using an expression system to produce OAOSs and determine their bioactivity.

The Role of Cacao Powder in Enhancing Skin Moisture and Reducing Wrinkles: A 12-Week Clinical Trial and In Vitro Study.

Skin aging is driven by a combination of internal and external mechanisms, with ultraviolet (UV) radiation being a prominent external factor contributing to photoaging. Photoaging manifests through several signs, including decreased skin hydration, diminished elasticity, coarse wrinkles, and dyspigmentation. Cacao beans, known for their flavonoids and polyphenols, offer potential anti-aging benefits.

Effect of Soy Isoflavone on Prostate Cancer Cell Apoptosis Through Inhibition of STAT3, ERK, and AKT.

Genistein, an isoflavone found in soybeans, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. This study explored the molecular mechanisms behind genistein's anticancer effects in prostate cancer DU145 cells. In this study, genistein decreased cell viability, increased annexin V-PE(+) cells, and enhanced the sub-G/G peak by flow cytometric analysis.

A Potent, Selective, Small-Molecule Inhibitor of DHX9 Abrogates Proliferation of Microsatellite Instable Cancers with Deficient Mismatch Repair.

DHX9 is a multifunctional DExH-box RNA helicase with important roles in the regulation of transcription, translation, and maintenance of genome stability. Elevated expression of DHX9 is evident in multiple cancer types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Microsatellite instable-high (MSI-H) tumors with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) display a strong dependence on DHX9, making this helicase an attractive target for oncology drug discovery.

Virtual Home Care for Patients With Acute Illness.

Importance: Recent evolutions in clinical care and remote monitoring suggest that some acute illnesses no longer require intravenous therapy and inpatient hospitalization.

Objective: To describe outcomes of patients receiving care in a new, outpatient, virtual, home-based acute care model called Safer@Home.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort analysis, conducted from September 1, 2022, through August 31, 2023, included 2466 patients treated at a safety net hospital in Los Angeles County for 10 core illnesses and 24 other acute illnesses for which patients are commonly hospitalized.

Altererythrobacter arenosus sp. nov., Isolated from Marine Sediment.

Strain CAU 1644 was isolated from sea sand at Ganghwa Island, Republic of Korea. The bacterium is aerobic, Gram-staining negative, yellow-colored, non-motile, catalase-positive, and rod-shaped. Cells of strain CAU 1644 grew at 20-40 °C and pH 6.