Dose adjustment over time of etanercept and infliximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Dose escalation of biologics in patients with rheumatoid arthritis may affect the cost of care. Longitudinal claims data from a large U.S.

A cost-utility analysis of mitoxantrone hydrochloride and interferon beta-1b in the treatment of patients with secondary progressive or progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis.

Background: Information on the cost utility of interferon beta-1b and mitoxantrone hydrochloride, 2 disease-modifying agents approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of secondary progressive (SP) multiple sclerosis (MS), is limited.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the cost utility of i.v.

Health-related quality of life in early rheumatoid arthritis: impact of disease and treatment response.

Objective: To document the burden of early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on health-related quality of life (HQL) and compare changes in HQL across 2 treatments.

Study Design: Analysis of HQL scores among patients enrolled in a multicenter, double-blind, randomized control trial of early RA treatment.

Patients And Methods: A total of 424 patients with early RA were randomized to 1 of 2 treatment groups: etanercept or methotrexate.

Direct and indirect costs of asthma to an employer.

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways that has a significant effect on the use of health care resources.

Objective: This study is the first of its kind to estimate the overall cost of asthma to a major employer in the United States and to profile the nature of the asthma expenses.

Methods: The annual per capita cost of asthma was determined for beneficiaries of a major employer by analyzing medical, pharmaceutical, and disability claims data.