Ppn2 Polyphosphatase Improves the Ability of to Grow in Mild Alkaline Medium.

Inorganic polyphosphates and respective metabolic pathways and enzymes are important factors for yeast active growth in unfavorable conditions. However, particular proteins of polyphosphate metabolism remain poorly explored in this context. Here we report biochemical and transcriptomic characterization of the CRN/PPN2 yeast strain (derived from Ppn1-lacking CRN strain) overexpressing poorly studied Ppn2 polyphosphatase.

The and Its Ortholog of Belonging to CYSTM Family Participate in Manganese Stress Overcoming.

The CYSTM (cysteine-rich transmembrane module) protein family comprises small molecular cysteine-rich tail-anchored membrane proteins found in many eukaryotes. The strains carrying the CYSTM genes and () fused with were used to test the expression of these genes under different stresses. The () and genes are expressed under stress conditions caused by the toxic concentrations of heavy metal ions, such as manganese, cobalt, nickel, zinc, cuprum, and 2.

Enzymes of Polyphosphate Metabolism in Yeast: Properties, Functions, Practical Significance.

Inorganic polyphosphates (polyP) are the linear polymers of orthophosphoric acid varying in the number of phosphate residues linked by the energy-rich phosphoanhydride bonds. PolyP is an essential component in living cells. Knowledge of polyP metabolizing enzymes in eukaryotes is necessary for understanding molecular mechanisms of polyP metabolism in humans and development of new approaches for treating bone and cardiovascular diseases associated with impaired mineral phosphorus metabolism.

Inorganic Polyphosphate and Physiological Properties of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yeast Overexpressing Ppn2.

The effect of the yeast endopolyphosphatase Ppn2 overproduction on the metabolism of inorganic polyphosphates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast was studied. Expression of the PPN2 gene under control of the strong constitutive promoter of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (PKG1) led to a significant increase in the endopolyphosphatase activity stimulated by cobalt/zinc ions. This activity was present in both soluble and membrane subcellular fractions; it was higher toward long-chain polyphosphates and could be stimulated by ADP.

Ppn2 endopolyphosphatase overexpressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Comparison with Ppn1, Ppx1, and Ddp1 polyphosphatases.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae has high level of inorganic polyphosphate and a multicomponent system of its metabolism, including polyphosphatases Ppx1, Ppn1, Ddp1, and Ppn2. The aim of the study was to construct the yeast strain overexpressing Ppn2 and to compare the properties of Ppn2, Ppx1, Ppn1, and Ddp1 purified from overexpressing strains of S. cerevisiae.

The acid phosphatase Pho5 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not involved in polyphosphate breakdown.

Inorganic polyphosphate is involved in architecture and functioning of yeast cell wall. The strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae constitutively overexpressing acid phosphatase Pho5 was constructed for studying the Pho5 properties and its possible participation in polyphosphate metabolism. The parent strain was transformed by the vector carrying the PHO5 gene under a strong constitutive promoter of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase of S.

[Detection of AlpA and AlpB lytic endopeptidase propeptides of Lysobacter sp. XL1 by sandwich-enzyme immunoassay based on monoclonal antibodies].

The extracellular lytic endopeptidases AlpA and AlpB of the bacterium Lysobacter sp. XL1 are highly homologous and synthesized as precursors consisting of signal peptide, propeptide and mature form. In this work, two monoclonal antibodies against propeptide endopeptidase AlpA (ProA) and eleven against propeptide endopeptidase AlpB (ProB) were obtained to study the AlpA and AlpB endopeptidases secretion.

Lytic peptidase L5 of Lysobacter sp. XL1 with broad antimicrobial spectrum.

The Gram-negative bacterium Lysobacter sp. XL1 secretes lytic enzymes (L1-L5) into the culture medium. Enzyme L5 is the most recently found extracellular lytic enzyme of this bacterium.

[Effect of the proteolytic enzymes of Bacillus licheniformis and the lysoamidase of Lysobacter sp. XL1 on Proteus vulgaris and Proteus mirabilis].

Preparations of culture liquid of three Bacullus licheniformis strains (S, 103, and 60.4) and the enzymatic preparation lysoamidase from culture liquid of Lysobacter sp. strain XL1 actively lysed preliminarily autoclaved cells of gram-negative bacteria Proteus vulgaris and P.

[A lysoamidase bacteriolytic complex. 1. Determination of the nature of interaction of enzymes and the polysaccharide, included in the complex].

The polysaccharide component of the bacteriolytic enzymatic complex "lysoamidase" (M(r) 1300 kDa) has been found to contain negatively charged ionic groups and can electrostatically interact with some enzymes within the complex. At pH 8.0 optimal for bacterial lysis, such interaction promotes the stabilization of bacteriolytic enzymes, increasing their half-inactivation temperature by 8 degrees and their stability upon storage by 40%.

[Importance of Bdellovibrio in regulating microbial cenoses and self-purification processes in domestic sewage].

The bacterial parasite Bdellovibrio was directly proved to be involved in the regulation of microbial cenoses and in the self-purification of domestic waste waters. The incidence of heterotrophs, Gram-negative bacteria, E. coli and Bdellovibrio was followed up in dynamics in the microecological system of waste waters for ten days.

[Factors affecting the participation of bacteria of the genus Bdellovibrio in the self-purification processes in the Syr Darya River].

The effect of season, temperature and abundance of microflora on the interrelations between bdellovibrions and host-bacteria in the syr Daryo river compared with the Oka has been studied. These factors and composition of allochthonic gram-negative bacteria in the river influence on the abundance of Bdellovibrio and extent its participation in the self-purification of basins.

[Participation of bdellovibrios in sewage self-purification processes].

The participation of bacterial parasites belonging to the genus Bdellovibrio in the processes of sewage self-purification was studied in refineries of Pushchino. The lytic activity of Bdellovibrio resulting in a decrease of the number of heterotrophic Gram-negative bacteria and E. coli in sewage was found to depend on the temperature factor influencing the intensity of interaction between the parasite and the host bacterium.

Antibacterial activity of seawater and microvibrion-predators (Microvibrio marinus Roscoffensis) in it.

In the seawater of the Atlantic Ocean and surface waters of different points of the World Ocean, including arctic basins and equatorial regions, microvibrion-predators of bacterial cells have been discovered. The number of microvibrions in the surface waters of the English Channel reaches a thousand cells per ml, but it varies, depending on the season. In this article a method of the separation and culture of microvibrions is described.

[Study of marine microvibrios of Roscoff (Microvibrio marinus roscoffensis)].

Marine microvibrios, predators of E. coli, have been detected worldwide, from equatorial waters to the polar regions. The morphology and behavior of two microvibrios have been studied.

[Purity criteria for Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus cultures].

Two-component cultures of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, a bacterial parasite, are not always pure; sometimes they contain microbial forms, different from the host and parasite, which cannot be isolated by conventional techniques of inoculation on solid growth media. The only way to isolate them is to apply techniques used for the reversion of L-forms of bacteria. The isolated microorganisms have been identified.