Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma: a prospective cohort study by InspECT.

Background: (ECT) is an effective local treatment for cutaneous metastasis. Treatment involves the administration of chemotherapeutic drugs followed by delivery of electrical pulses to the tumour.

Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of ECT in cutaneous metastases of melanoma and to identify factors that affect (beneficially or adversely) the outcome.

Adapting Axelrod's cultural dissemination model for simulating peer effects.

We present a generic method for considering incomplete but gradually expandable sociological data in agent-based modeling based on the classic model of cultural dissemination by Axelrod. Our method extension was inspired by research on the diffusion of citizen photovoltaic initiatives, i.e.

An observational study of the macro- and micro-haemodynamic implications of epidural anaesthesia in children.

The haemodynamic implications of epidural anaesthesia in children are poorly documented. We report macro- and micro-haemodynamic data from an observational study of 25 children ranging from neonates to six-years old, who underwent surgery conducted with a specific combination of monitoring systems. We analysed 90 min of study-related monitoring after epidural catheterisation, with skin incision taking place after around 30 min.

Detectability of small and flat polyps in MDCT colonography using 2D and 3D imaging tools: results from a phantom study.

Objective: The objective of this phantom study was to determine the performance of MDCT colonography for the detection of small polyps under ideal imaging conditions and to determine the added value of 3D imaging when used as an adjunct to 2D imaging.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six polypoid and 39 flat polyps (44 lesions, 2-5 mm; 31 lesions, 6-8 mm) were placed in three explanted segments of a thoroughly cleaned porcine colon (overall length, 4.5 m) that was distended with air and submerged in a water phantom.

Multiphasic helical computerized tomography for the assessment of microscopic hematuria: a prospective study.

Purpose: We evaluated multiphasic helical computed tomography for the detection and characterization of lesions responsible for hematuria not diagnosed on prior urological surveillance studies.

Materials And Methods: A total of 393 men and 207 women with recurrent microscopic hematuria but negative urological surveillance studies were examined at 4 participating institutions by multiphasic helical computerized tomography, consisting of pre-enhancement, arterial corticomedullary, parenchymal and excretory phase sequences generating 2 to 5 mm slices through the kidney and lower pelvis.

Results: The cause of microscopic hematuria was established in 256 of 600 patients with prior negative urological surveillance examinations with 0.

Comparison of transrectal sonography and double-contrast MR imaging when staging rectal cancer.

Objective: The aim of this study was the prospective comparison of the diagnostic yield of transrectal sonography and double-contrast MR imaging for preoperative staging of rectal cancer. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. Thirty-nine rectal cancer patients (20 men, 19 women) underwent transrectal sonography performed with a 10-MHz endoanal probe and MR imaging (1.

Four-channel multidetector CT in facial fractures: do we need 2 x 0.5 mm collimation?

Objective: Our aim was to optimize acquisition protocols and multiplanar reformation algorithms for the evaluation of facial fractures using multidetector CT (MDCT) and to determine whether 2 x 0.5 mm collimation is necessary.

Materials And Methods: A cadaveric head with artificial blunt facial trauma was examined using a four-channel MDCT scanner.

Dedicated multidetector CT of the stomach: spectrum of diseases.

Multidetector computed tomography (CT) offers new opportunities in imaging of the gastrointestinal tract. When thin collimation is used, near-isotropic imaging of the stomach is possible, allowing high-quality multiplanar reformation and three-dimensional reconstruction of gastric images. Proper distention of the stomach and optimally timed administration of intravenous contrast material are required to detect and characterize disease.

Improved detection of renal pathologic features on multiphasic helical CT compared with IVU in patients presenting with microscopic hematuria.

Objectives: To examine the virtues of multiphasic helical computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of upper urinary tract lesions refractory to identification by intravenous urography (IVU).

Methods: A total of 86 patients (59 men and 27 women), 27 to 88 years old, with microscopic hematuria and negative IVU findings were examined with multiphasic helical CT consisting of a pre-enhancement, late arterial-early cortical-medullary, nephrographic, and excretory phase helical CT of the kidneys, using 3 to 5-mm collimation and 7.5-mm/s table feed.

[Middle field and low field magnetic resonance tomography in wrist injuries].

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic value of magnet resonance imaging in comparison of a dedicated 0.2-T unit and a 1.0-T unit in patients with clinically suspected scaphoid fractures and other wrist fractures.

[Virtual multislice computed tomographic colonoscopy].

Virtual colonoscopy or computed tomographic (CT) colonography is a rapidly evolving technique for imaging the entire colon and detection of colorectal polyps. It uses standard helical computed tomography images of the colon and advanced imaging software to produce reformatted two- and three-dimensional views of the entire colorectum. Multi-detector row helical computed tomography has several technical advantages over single-detector row computed tomographic, including faster imaging times with the acquisition of thinner sections.

[Trends in Vienna radiology--from roentgen laboratory to university clinic for radiodiagnosis].

In Vienna/Austria, with leading representatives of the so-called second Viennese medical school at the turn of the 19th to the 20th century, the detection of x-rays by W. C. Röntgen was observed with special interest.

How accurate is MR imaging in characterisation of adrenal masses: update of a long-term study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to update a long-term study that evaluates the accuracy of MR imaging in the characterisation of adrenal tumours. In all patients, MR imaging findings were correlated with histopathologic results.

Patients: In 204/560 patients who underwent MR imaging for characterisation of an adrenal mass, histopathologic results were available.

Computerized tomography tailored for the assessment of microscopic hematuria.

Purpose: We report the results of a multicenter study of arterial, corticomedullary, nephrographic and excretory phase helical computerized tomography (CT) for detecting and characterizing abnormalities causing asymptomatic microscopic hematuria.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated 350 consecutive patients, including 216 men and 134 women 23 to 88 years old, with asymptomatic microscopic hematuria of undetermined cause at 4 medical centers. Patients with known urological pathology were excluded from study.

[Value of endoanal sonography in the assessment of faecal incontinence].

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the value of endoanal ultrasound (EUS) in comparison to anal manometry and operative findings in patients suffering from faecal incontinence. Patient history, localisation of sphincter defects and therapeutic modalities were analysed.

Methods: Over a 3-years period, 92 patients with faecal incontinence were investigated by endoanal ultrasound.

Evaluation of perianal sepsis: comparison of anal endosonography and magnetic resonance imaging.

The purpose of this study was to compare prospectively the diagnostic yield of anal endosonography (AES) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the assessment of perianal fistulae and abscesses. There were 39 patients (14 men, 25 women; mean age, 40 years) who underwent AES, performed with a 10-MHz rotating endoanal probe and MRI at 1.0 T (axial and coronal T2-weighted turbo spin-echo (TSE) and turbo-STIR sequences).

Scaphoid fractures: evaluation with high-spatial-resolution US initial results.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of high-spatial-resolution ultrasonography (US) in the diagnosis of scaphoid fractures.

Materials And Methods: In 72 hours after acute wrist trauma, 15 consecutive patients were examined for possible scaphoid fractures clinically and with conventional radiographs, including scaphoid views. Thereafter, high-spatial-resolution US was performed by two experienced radiologists blinded to the results of the previously performed investigations.

[Evaluation of a computer-assisted diagnosis system in breast carcinoma].

Purpose: Evaluation of a computerassisted diagnosis (CAD) system (R2 linage Checker 1.2). Comparison of the results of three readers with and without knowledge of the computer results.

Complications after laryngeal surgery: videofluoroscopic evaluation of 120 patients.

Aim: Videofluoroscopic assessment of the spectrum and incidence of swallowing complications after state-of-the-art laryngeal cancer surgery.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively studied videofluoroscopic examinations of 120 patients (94 men, 26 women; mean age, 58 years) with suspected complications after laryngeal resection (partial laryngectomy, 65; total laryngectomy, 55). Swallowing function (i.

Transrectal sonography of anal sphincter infiltration in lower rectal carcinoma.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to assess the accuracy of transrectal sonography in determining invasion by lower rectal cancer into the anal canal.

Subjects And Methods: Thirty-eight patients (14 women, 24 men; mean age, 65 years) with lower rectal cancer underwent transrectal sonography before surgery. Both depth of infiltration and tumor invasion into the anal canal were assessed, and results were compared with histopathology of the resected specimens.

Detection of focal hepatic lesions: comparison of unenhanced and SHU 555 A-enhanced MR imaging versus biphasic helical CTAP.

The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic sensitivity of unenhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and MR imaging with a new superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-enhanced contrast agent (SHU 555 A) with biphasic helical computed tomography during arterial portography (CTAP) in patients with focal liver lesions. Eighteen patients with a total of 91 (78 malignant, 13 benign) proven liver lesions underwent unenhanced short tau inversion recovery (STIR), T2-weighted (T2-w) TSE, and SHU 555 A-enhanced T2-w turbo spin-echo (TSE) MR imaging and biphasic helical CTAP. The standard of reference was histopathologic analysis of resected specimens in 59 lesions, intraoperative ultrasound with biopsy in 20 lesions, and CT-guided biopsy and follow-up in 12 lesions.

[Thoracic CT scan in intensive care unit patients: information supplementary to thoracic radiography].

Purpose: To assess the diagnostic value of thoracic CT-scans in comparison with conventional chest radiographs in ICU-patients.

Methods: Chest radiographs and corresponding thoracic CT-scans of 25 consecutive surgical ICU-patients were reviewed and interpreted independently by two radiologists. We analyzed the additional information provided by CT-scans and the diagnostic and therapeutic relevance of these findings.