Nightshift Rotation Schedule and Fatigue in U.K. and Italian Nurses.

Background: Whether hours on shift might impact adaptation to night shift work is still controversial.

Methods: We conducted a pooled analysis of two studies, including 170 hospital nurses working night shifts, 116 from a United Kingdom study working 12-hour rotating shifts, and 54 from Italy working 8-hour shifts. Both studies used the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) to detect sleepiness during routine daytime activities as an indicator of fatigue.

Psychobehavioural profile in narcolepsy type 1 with and without REM sleep behaviour disorder.

REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is common in narcolepsy type 1 (NT1). Abnormalities in the reward system have been observed in NT1, possibly related to impaired orexin projections towards the mesolimbic reward system, but also in RBD when associated with Parkinson's disease. Our study aimed to explore the psychobehavioural profile of NT1 patients with and without RBD compared with healthy controls (HC).

Gender and Nightshift Work: A Cross Sectional Study on Sleep Quality and Daytime Somnolence.

A few studies suggested that female nightshift workers suffer more frequently from sleep deprivation and insomnia. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in two different occupational settings to address gender-related differences in nightshift work adaptation. We used the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaires to quantify daytime sleepiness and sleep quality among 156 workers, 91 from a ceramic tile factory and 65 healthcare workers, including hospital doctors, nurses, and nurse assistants.

Considering REM Sleep Behavior Disorder in the Management of Parkinson's Disease.

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is the result of the loss of physiological inhibition of muscle tone during REM sleep, characterized by dream-enacting behavior and widely recognized as a prodromal manifestation of alpha-synucleinopathies. Indeed, patients with isolated RBD (iRBD) have an extremely high estimated risk to develop a neurodegenerative disease after a long follow up. Nevertheless, in comparison with PD patients without RBD (PDnoRBD), the occurrence of RBD in the context of PD (PDRBD) seems to identify a unique, more malignant phenotype, characterized by a more severe burden of disease in terms of both motor and non-motor symptoms and increased risk for cognitive decline.

Severity of REM sleep without atonia correlates with measures of cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms in REM sleep behaviour disorder.

This study aimed to correlate REM sleep without atonia (RSWA) and neuropsychological data in patients with idiopathic/isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD) and those with RBD associated with Parkinson's disease (PDRBD), in order to assess whether higher degrees of RSWA are related to poorer cognitive performance. A total of 142 subjects were enrolled: 48 with iRBD, 55 with PDRBD, and 39 PD without RBD (PDnoRBD). All participants underwent video-polysomnographic recording, clinical and neuropsychological assessment.

Quantification of REM sleep without atonia: A review of study methods and meta-analysis of their performance for the diagnosis of RBD.

The present review focuses on REM sleep without atonia (RSWA) scoring methods. In consideration of the numerous papers published in the last decade, that used different methods for the quantification of RSWA, their systematic revision is an emerging need. We made a search using the PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science Databases, from 2010 until December 2021, combining the search term "RSWA" with "scoring methods", "IRBD", "alfasyn disease", and "neurodegenerative disease", and with each of the specific sleep disorders, diagnosed according to current criteria, with the identification of the references of interest for the topic.

Neuropsychological and Behavioral Profile in Sleep-Related Hypermotor Epilepsy (SHE) and Disorders of Arousal (DOA): A Multimodal Analysis.

Study Objectives: Disorder of arousal (DOA) and sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (SHE) are complex, often bizarre, involuntary sleep behaviors, whose differential diagnosis may be challenging because they share some clinical features, such as sleep fragmentation. Mounting evidence highlights the critical role of sleep in cognitive functions. Controversial findings are raised about the cognitive profile in SHE; however, no studies have investigated the cognitive profile in DOA.

Neurophysiological Aspects of REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD): A Narrative Review.

REM sleep without atonia (RSWA) is the polysomnographic (PSG) hallmark of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD), a feature essential for the diagnosis of this condition. Several additional neurophysiological aspects of this complex disorder have also recently been investigated in depth, which constitute the focus of this narrative review, together with RSWA. First, we describe the complex neural network underlying REM sleep and its muscle atonia, focusing on the disordered mechanisms leading to RSWA.

Shift rotation scheme, sleepiness and sleep quality in night-shift workers.

Background: Shift rotation schemes can influence workers' tolerance of night-shift work and its impact on health.

Aims: This study was aimed to assess the influence of shift work rotation schemes on sleepiness and sleep quality.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 145 male workers, 77 from a ceramic tile factory on a fixed, forward-rotating shift work scheme, and 68 from a dockyard company, working on-call night shifts.

Prevalence of sleep disruption and determinants of sleepiness in a cohort of Italian hospital physicians: The PRESOMO study.

Nightshift work can cause daytime somnolence and decreased alertness, and can increase risk of medical errors, occupational injuries and car accidents. We used a structured questionnaire, including the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), to assess the prevalence and the determinants of sleep disruption in 268 Italian University hospital physicians from Cagliari (N = 57), Milan (N = 180) and Pisa (N = 31), who participated in the multicentre study on the prevalence of sleep disturbance among hospital physicians (PRESOMO); 198 of them (74%) were engaged in nightshift work. We explored the association between history of nightshift work and poor sleep quality and daytime somnolence with multivariate logistic regression, adjusting by personal and lifestyle covariates.

Italian Association of Sleep Medicine (AIMS) position statement and guideline on the treatment of menopausal sleep disorders.

Insomnia, vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and depression often co-occur after the menopause, with consequent health problems and reductions in quality of life. The aim of this position statement is to provide evidence-based advice on the management of postmenopausal sleep disorders derived from a systematic review of the literature. The latter yielded results on VMS, insomnia, circadian rhythm disorders, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and restless leg syndrome (RLS).

The association between Zika virus infection and microcephaly in Brazil 2015-2017: An observational analysis of over 4 million births.

Background: In 2015, high rates of microcephaly were reported in Northeast Brazil following the first South American Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak. Reported microcephaly rates in other Zika-affected areas were significantly lower, suggesting alternate causes or the involvement of arboviral cofactors in exacerbating microcephaly rates.

Methods And Findings: We merged data from multiple national reporting databases in Brazil to estimate exposure to 9 known or hypothesized causes of microcephaly for every pregnancy nationwide since the beginning of the ZIKV outbreak; this generated between 3.

Sleep in Parkinson's Disease with Impulse Control Disorder.

Purpose Of Review: This paper aims to explore the relationship between impulse-control disorders (ICDs) and sleep problems in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) among scientific literature.

Recent Findings: Previously published results are controversial and sometimes inconclusive. ICDs and sleep disruption represent important non-motor features of Parkinson's disease, responsible for reducing quality of life and increasing burden of disease.

Microcephaly in Brazil: prevalence and characterization of cases from the Information System on Live Births (Sinasc), 2000-2015.

Objective: to describe the prevalence coefficients and characterize cases of microcephaly at birth in Brazil from 2000-2015.

Methods: this is a descriptive study with data from the Information System on Live Births (Sinasc). The coefficients were calculated by region and characteristics of mothers and live births (LB).

Prevention of neural tube defects by the fortification of flour with folic acid: a population-based retrospective study in Brazil.

Objective: To determine if the fortification of wheat and maize flours with iron and folic acid - which became mandatory in Brazil from June 2004 - is effective in the prevention of neural tube defects.

Methods: Using data from national information systems on births in central, south-eastern and southern Brazil, we determined the prevalence of neural tube defects among live births and stillbirths in a pre-fortification period - i.e.

Lack of tolerance to the suppressing effect of rimonabant on chocolate intake in rats.

Rationale And Objectives: Previous work indicated that tolerance to the anorectic effect of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist, rimonabant, developed rather rapidly in rats and mice given access to a standard rodent chow. The present study was designed to investigate whether the reducing effect of rimonabant on intake of a highly palatable food such as a chocolate-flavoured beverage underwent a development of tolerance as rapid as that manifested on intake of a standard rodent chow.

Materials And Methods: To this aim, Wistar rats were concurrently exposed, with unlimited access for 24 h/day, to the chocolate-flavoured beverage, regular food pellets and water.