Prognostic value of early response in predicting survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with selective internal radiation therapy.

Objectives: This study evaluates the prognostic value of tumor response on CT at 3 months, assessed by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), modified RECIST (mRECIST), and Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System Treatment Response Algorithm (LR-TRA) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 102 HCC patients treated with SIRT between 2018 and 2020. RECIST, mRECIST, and LR-TRA were assessed at 3 months post-SIRT.

Symptoms from the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index and clinical factors associated with delayed gastric emptying in patients with suspected gastroparesis.

Background: The association between upper gastrointestinal symptoms and delayed gastric emptying (GE) shows conflicting results. This study aimed to assess whether the symptoms of the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) and/or the scores were associated with the result of GE tests and whether they could predict delayed GE.

Methods: Patients referred for suspected gastroparesis (GP) were included in a prospective database.

High Tumor Uptake on F-FDOPA PET/CT Indicates Poor Prognosis in Patients with Metastatic Midgut Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Study from the Groupe d'étude des Tumeurs Endocrines and ENDOCAN-RENATEN Network.

PET/CT with 6-F-fluoro-l-dopa (F-FDOPA) has high diagnostic performance for midgut neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). We explored the prognostic role of F-FDOPA PET/CT uptake in metastatic midgut NETs. We included, in a test cohort ( = 166) and a full external validation cohort ( = 86), all consecutive patients with metastatic midgut NETs who underwent F-FDOPA PET/CT in 5 expert centers from 2010 to 2021.

Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of digestive neuroendocrine neoplasms.

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are initially monoclonal neoplasms that progressively become polyclonal, with very different genotypic and phenotypic characteristics leading to biological differences, including the Ki-67 proliferation index, morphology, or sensitivity to treatments. Whereas inter-patient heterogeneity has been well described, intra-tumor heterogeneity has been little studied. However, NENs present a high degree of heterogeneity, both spatially within the same location or between different lesions, and through time.

The Safety and Effectiveness of Hepatic Transarterial Embolic Locoregional Therapy in Patients with Contraindications to Hepatectomy after Portal Vein Embolization.

The safety and effectiveness of hepatic transarterial embolic locoregional therapy (LRT) was assessed, including transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and transarterial radioembolization (TARE), in patients who underwent portal vein embolization (PVE) before major hepatectomy in whom surgery was then contraindicated. Adverse events (AEs) were graded according to the Society of Interventional Radiology classification of AEs. Tumor response was assessed based on the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors 1.

CT Volumetry Can Be Used for Monitoring Liver Function Recovery in Auxiliary Partial Orthotopic Liver Transplantation.

Background: Scintigraphy with a 99m TC-trimethyl-Br-IDA tracer (TBIDA) is used to monitor liver function regeneration after auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation (APOLT) for acute liver failure (ALF). As computed tomography (CT) is also regularly performed during patient follow-up, CT volumetry could be used as an alternative to monitor native liver recovery after APOLT for ALF.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent APOLT (October 2006-July 2019).

Prospective Multicentric Assessment of Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT in Grade 1-2 GEP-NET.

The aim of this multicentric study was to prospectively compare 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT versus somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) with SPECT/CT, combined with multiphasic CT scan and MRI in patients with grade 1 or 2 gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET). Patients with histologically proven grade 1 or 2 GEP-NET with suspicion of recurrence or progression, or with typical aspects of GEP-NET on morphological imaging, were explored with conventional imaging (CI): SRS with SPECT/CT, multiphasic CT scan and/or liver MRI followed by 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT. The gold standard was based on histology and imaging follow-up.

Concepts and methods for the dosimetry of radioembolisation of the liver with Y-90-loaded microspheres.

This article aims at presenting in a didactic way, dosimetry concepts and methods that are relevant for radio-embolization of the liver with Y-microspheres. The application of the medical internal radiation dose formalism to radio-embolization is introduced. This formalism enables a simplified dosimetry, where the absorbed dose in a given tissue depends on only its mass and initial activity.

Molecular deciphering of primary liver neuroendocrine neoplasms confirms their distinct existence with foregut-like profile.

Isolated hepatic localizations of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are generally considered as metastatic NETs of unknown primary but could correspond to primary hepatic NETs (PHNETs), a poorly explored entity. We aimed to describe the clinicopathological and molecular features of PHNETs and compare them with other primary NETs. We assembled a retrospective cohort of patients managed for hepatic localization of NET without extra-hepatic primary tumor after exhaustive clinical, imaging, and immunohistochemical characterization.

F-DOPA PET/CT at the Forefront of Initial or Presurgical Evaluation of Small-Intestine Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Our objective was to compare the respective value of Ga-DOTATOC and F-DOPA PET/CT for initial staging or presurgical work-up of patients with small-intestine neuroendocrine tumors (SiNETs). This was a retrospective, multicenter, noninterventional investigation involving 53 non-surgically treated SiNET patients who underwent both Ga-DOTATOC and F-DOPA PET/CT within a 6-mo interval without surgical intervention or therapeutic change between the 2 PET/CT studies. Percentage detection rate was calculated according to per-region and per-lesion analyses.

Female Authors in Nuclear Medicine Journals: A Survey from 2014 to 2020.

Despite the feminization of the medical workforce, women do not have the same career perspectives as men. In nuclear medicine, little information is available on the sex gap regarding prominent author positions in scientific articles. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate recent trends in the sex distribution of first and last authorship of articles published in nuclear medicine journals.

Prognostic impact of bone metastases detected by F-DOPA PET in patients with metastatic midgut neuroendocrine tumors.

Objectives: Bone metastases (BM) may influence negatively the prognosis of midgut neuroendocrine tumors (NET). The diagnostic sensitivity of F-DOPA PET for midgut NET and associated metastases is high. This study aimed to assess the prognostic impact of BM detected by F-DOPA PET in metastatic midgut NET.

Relationship of Tumor Radiation-absorbed Dose to Survival and Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Transarterial Radioembolization with Y in the SARAH Study.

Background Little is known about factors that influence the efficacy of transarterial radioembolization (TARE). Purpose To determine the relationship between tumor radiation-absorbed dose and survival and tumor response in locally advanced inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with TARE. Materials and Methods This was a secondary analysis of prospectively acquired data (between December 2011 and March 2015) from participants who received TARE in the Sorafenib versus Radioembolization in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma (SARAH) trial (ClinicalTrials.

Impact of liver tumour burden, alkaline phosphatase elevation, and target lesion size on treatment outcomes with Lu-Dotatate: an analysis of the NETTER-1 study.

Purpose: To assess the impact of baseline liver tumour burden, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) elevation, and target lesion size on treatment outcomes with Lu-Dotatate.

Methods: In the phase 3 NETTER-1 trial, patients with advanced, progressive midgut neuroendocrine tumours (NET) were randomised to 177Lu-Dotatate (every 8 weeks, four cycles) plus octreotide long-acting release (LAR) or to octreotide LAR 60 mg. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS).

Lesion-by-lesion correlation between uptake at FDG PET and the Ki67 proliferation index in resected pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Background: Ki67 proliferation index and tumor uptake on 18fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emitting tomography (FDG-PET) could be correlated in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNET), but the evaluation of the former is subject to tumor heterogeneity.

Aims: Explore the correlation between Ki67 and FDG-PET uptake at the lesion scale in PanNET.

Methods: We identified target lesions ≥10 mm in patients operated on for a PanNET and/or associated metastases with preoperative FDG-PET and without neoadjuvant treatment.

Sporadic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor: Surgery of the primary tumor.

The management of patients with sporadic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNET) is multi-disciplinary and often, multimodal. Surgery has a large part in treatment because it is the only potentially curative therapeutic modality if resection can be complete. The update reviews the operative indications and the different surgical techniques available (including parenchymal-sparing surgery) to treat the primary lesion according to patient status, preoperative work-up and whether the tumor is functioning or not.

Preoperative imaging and pathologic classification for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

The management of patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET), whether hormonally secretory or not, is multidisciplinary and often multimodal. Surgical treatment plays a central role because complete resection is the only potentially curative treatment. The choice of the therapeutic plan for a PNET requires precise localization of the primary tumor (which may sometimes be multiple in case of genetic predisposition), confirmation of the diagnosis of PNET, a search for metastases (mainly hepatic), and identification of the main histoprognostic factors.

Efficacy and safety of selective internal radiotherapy with yttrium-90 resin microspheres compared with sorafenib in locally advanced and inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (SARAH): an open-label randomised controlled phase 3 trial.

Background: Sorafenib is the recommended treatment for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of sorafenib to that of selective internal radiotherapy (SIRT) with yttrium-90 (Y) resin microspheres in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods: SARAH was a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, investigator-initiated, phase 3 trial done at 25 centres specialising in liver diseases in France.

18F-FDG Uptake in Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors Correlates with Both Ki-67 and VHL Pathway Inactivation.

Background: 18F-FDG-PET scan positivity correlates with poor prognosis in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN). Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) are markers of aggressiveness in tumors. Together with von Hippel-Lindau protein (pVHL), they are involved in tumor cell metabolism via the hypoxia-inducible factor signaling pathway.

Phase 3 Trial of Lu-Dotatate for Midgut Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Background: Patients with advanced midgut neuroendocrine tumors who have had disease progression during first-line somatostatin analogue therapy have limited therapeutic options. This randomized, controlled trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of lutetium-177 (Lu)-Dotatate in patients with advanced, progressive, somatostatin-receptor-positive midgut neuroendocrine tumors.

Methods: We randomly assigned 229 patients who had well-differentiated, metastatic midgut neuroendocrine tumors to receive either Lu-Dotatate (116 patients) at a dose of 7.