Development of an experimental heterogeneous burn wound model.

Background: Many research-based burn models rely on creating homogenous burns that are subsequently studied and treated. However, the majority of burn wounds sustained - and in particular those that are combat-related - are heterogeneous in nature, with varying degrees of severity intermixed throughout the entire wound, creating a complex debridement and overall treatment plan. The purpose of this study was to develop a clinically relevant heterogeneous porcine burn wound model.

Subcutaneous Anti-inflammatory Therapies to Prevent Burn Progression in a Swine Model of Contact Burn Injury.

Introduction: If left untreated, burn injuries can deepen or progress in depth within the first 72 hours after injury as a result of increased wound inflammation, subsequently worsening healing outcomes. This can be especially detrimental to warfighters who are constrained to resource-limited environments with delayed evacuation times to higher roles of care and more effective treatment. Preventing this burn progression at the point of injury has the potential to improve healing outcomes but requires a field-deployable therapy and delivery system.

Evaluation of Topical Off-the-Shelf Therapies to Reduce the Need to Evacuate Battlefield-Injured Warfighters.

Introduction: Immediate evacuation of burn casualties can be challenging in austere environments, and it is predicted to be even more difficult in future multi-domain battlespaces against near-peer foes. Therefore, a need exists to treat burn wounds at the point of injury to protect the exposed injury for an extended period. In this study, we compare two commercially available FDA-approved therapies to the current gold standard of care (GSOC), excisional debridement followed by the application of split-thickness skin graft, and the standard for prolonged field care, silver sulfadiazine (SSD) cream.

Lineage-based functional types: characterising functional diversity to enhance the representation of ecological behaviour in Land Surface Models.

Process-based vegetation models attempt to represent the wide range of trait variation in biomes by grouping ecologically similar species into plant functional types (PFTs). This approach has been successful in representing many aspects of plant physiology and biophysics but struggles to capture biogeographic history and ecological dynamics that determine biome boundaries and plant distributions. Grass-dominated ecosystems are broadly distributed across all vegetated continents and harbour large functional diversity, yet most Land Surface Models (LSMs) summarise grasses into two generic PFTs based primarily on differences between temperate C grasses and (sub)tropical C grasses.

Leaf adaptations and species boundaries in North American Cercis: implications for the evolution of dry floras.

Premise Of The Study: The North American Cercis clade spans dry to mesic climates and exhibits complex morphological variation. We tested various proposed species classifications of this group and whether aspects of leaf morphology, particularly the "drip-tip" in some regional populations, are adaptive and/or linked with phylogeny.

Methods: We made measurements on over 1100 herbarium specimens from throughout North America and analyzed the data with univariate and multivariate approaches.

Resolution of Heyde's syndrome of aortic stenosis and gastrointestinal bleeding after aortic valve replacement.

The observation by Heyde that unexplained gastrointestinal bleeding may be associated with aortic stenosis has been confirmed by many others. It has been suggested that the combination of gastrointestinal bleeding and aortic stenosis be termed Heyde's syndrome. Gastrointestinal bleeding in this syndrome has been attributed to angiodysplasia.

Restenosis after transluminal coronary angioplasty detected with exercise-gated radionuclide ventriculography.

Forty-one patients were evaluated with exercise-gated radionuclide ventriculography before and within 4 days after successful transluminal coronary angioplasty and 4 to 12 months later. Patients were subgrouped according to the degree of restenosis demonstrated angiographically at 4 to 12 months (Group I [n = 23]: less than or equal to 20%; Group II [n = 10]: greater than 20% but less than 50%; Group III [n = 8]: greater than or equal to 50%). Patients with abnormal findings on gated radionuclide ventriculography (less than 5 point increase in ejection fraction or wall motion deterioration) early after angioplasty were eventually found to have a greater degree of restenosis than were patients with normal findings (41.

Relative cost of coronary angioplasty and bypass surgery in a one-vessel disease model.

A national study was carried out to determine the relative costs of PTCA and CABG. Baseline clinical criteria for the 2 groups were similar. Data were collected in 186 sets for the PTCA group and 175 sets for the CABG group.

Exercise radionuclide ventriculography in evaluating successful transluminal coronary angioplasty.

To evaluate the ability of transluminal coronary angioplasty (TCA) to relieve myocardial ischemia, 44 patients with single vessel disease underwent exercise gated radionuclide ventriculography (GRNV) before and 2.8 +/- 1.3 days following angiographically successful TCA.

Transluminal coronary angioplasty of the right coronary artery brachial cutdown approach.

Transluminal coronary angioplasty (TCA) of the right coronary artery (RCA) was performed by brachial cut-down approach in 33 patients during a period of 16 months. Flexible-tip guiding catheters were used in all cases. TCA was successful in 27 of 33 patients (81%).

Early experience of transluminal coronary angioplasty (TCA) by the brachial artery (the Sones technique in transluminal angioplasty).

Sixteen transluminal coronary angioplasty procedures (TCA), eight right coronary artery (RCA) and eight left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), by the brachial artery cut-down approach, were attempted with 9/16 (56%) immediate successes and 2/16(12%) early recurrences. The procedure success rate for RCA obstructive lesions, 6/8 (75%) was greater than for LCA obstructions, 3/8 (38%). In six unsuccessful procedures the balloon catheter could not be advanced into the lesion, and in one unsuccessful procedure dissection of the coronary artery proximal to the lesion occurred.

Takayasu's arteritis: surgical considerations.

Takayasu's arteritis, the nonspecific occlusive disease originally believed to affect young Oriental women exclusively, was identified in a 19-year-old man who had severe involvement of the aortic arch and its branches. Successful surgical treatment was accomplished with a bypass from the ascending aorta to the supraceliac abdominal aorta using a tube graft. The right vertebral artery, as the single patent vessel reaching the head, was revascularized distal to the stenosis with a tube graft that extended from the aortic graft.

Electrocardiographic pseudo-infarction pattern: appearance with a large posterior pericardial effusion after cardiac surgery.

Two patients with a large posterior pericardial effusion after cardiac surgery presented with electrocardiographic precordial Q waves without evidence of myocardial infarction. Resolution of the pericardial fluid resulted in the disappearance of the Q waves. Changes in conductivity and orientation of the heart within the pericardial space, along with a decrease in QRS voltage, could lead to the loss of initial R waves in the precordial leads, eventually resulting in a QS complex.

Late embolization of prosthetic mitral valve occluder with survival following reoperation.

Embolization of the occluder from a prosthetic mitral valve is an extremely rare event. Previous reports in the literature have described the uniformly fatal outcome of this complication. A case in which the occluder from a Wada-Cutter mitral prosthesis embolized five years following implantation is presented.