Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency: pitfalls and perils of sonographic assessment.

Objectives: Duplex sonography has been proposed as a diagnostic modality for detection of chronic cerebrovascular venous insufficiency, a recently proposed hypothesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. We reviewed potential challenges of duplex sonography for diagnosis of chronic cerebrovascular venous insufficiency and used interim pooled data from a study aimed to apply cerebrovascular venous insufficiency criteria to a group of patients with MS and control patients without MS.

Methods: Duplex sonography for chronic cerebrovascular venous insufficiency was performed in patients with MS and controls.