Preparing early economic evaluations for the development and management of health service interventions.

Objectives: We draw from the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) literature to propose how hospitals and local health networks can prepare the key components of early economic evaluations to support the development and management of health service interventions.

Methods: Using the case example of a proposed intervention for older people in the Emergency Department (ED), a conceptual logic model of a new health service intervention is articulated to inform the structuring and population of a decision-analytic model using observed data on the existing care comparator and structured elicitation exercise of initial stakeholder expectations of intervention effects.

Results: The elicited patient pathway probabilities and lengths of stay quantities profile which of the existing types of patients are expected to avoid the ED and how this impacts the lengths of stay across the system.

What's New in Dementia Risk Prediction Modelling? An Updated Systematic Review.

Introduction: Identifying individuals at high risk of dementia is critical to optimized clinical care, formulating effective preventative strategies, and determining eligibility for clinical trials. Since our previous systematic reviews in 2010 and 2015, there has been a surge in dementia risk prediction modelling. The aim of this study was to update our previous reviews to explore, and critically review, new developments in dementia risk modelling.

Hospital Staff Perspectives on the Drivers and Challenges in Implementing a Virtual Rehabilitation Ward: Qualitative Study.

Background: Over the past decade, the adoption of virtual wards has surged. Virtual wards aim to prevent unnecessary hospital admissions, expedite home discharge, and enhance patient satisfaction, which are particularly beneficial for the older adult population who faces risks associated with hospitalization. Consequently, substantial investments are being made in virtual rehabilitation wards (VRWs), despite evidence of varying levels of success in their implementation.

Sleep disturbance in people living with dementia or mild cognitive impairment: a realist review of general practice.

Background: Sleep disturbance is a prevalent condition among people living with dementia (PLwD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Its assessment and management within primary care is complex because of the comorbidities, older age, and cognitive impairment typical of this patient group.

Aim: To explore how primary care clinicians assess, understand, and manage sleep disturbance for PLwD or MCI; if and why such initiatives work; and how people and their carers experience sleep disturbance and its treatment.

Cardiovascular disease, associated risk factors, and risk of dementia: An umbrella review of meta-analyses.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been associated with an increased risk of dementia; yet the evidence is mixed. This review critically appraises and synthesises current evidence exploring associations between dementia risk and CVD and their risk factors, including coronary heart disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, and arterial stiffness.

Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched to identify systematic reviews with meta-analyses investigating the association between at least one of the CVDs of interest and dementia risk.

Assessing the reach and safety of an innovative urgent care service tailored to older adults.

Traditional emergency departments (EDs) are overcrowded and sometimes not suitable for older adults with complex needs. Specialised geriatric urgent care pathways for selected patients can alleviate ED demand and improve patient experience. To address urgent care needs for older adults in Southern Adelaide, the Complex And RestorativE (CARE) service was established.

Dynamic Emotion Recognition and Social Inference Ability in Traumatic Brain Injury: An Eye-Tracking Comparison Study.

Emotion recognition and social inference impairments are well-documented features of post-traumatic brain injury (TBI), yet the mechanisms underpinning these are not fully understood. We examined dynamic emotion recognition, social inference abilities, and eye fixation patterns between adults with and without TBI. Eighteen individuals with TBI and 18 matched non-TBI participants were recruited and underwent all three components of The Assessment of Social Inference Test (TASIT).

Quality improvement initiative: implementing routine vertebral fracture assessments into an Australian Fracture Liaison Service.

Osteoporosis is a global health concern and a major contributor to worldwide mortality rates. Vertebral fractures due to osteoporosis are common and often undetected. Since vertebral fractures are often missed, evidence and guidelines suggest that vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) may optimise current approaches to bone density tests.

Evaluating a new emergency department avoidance service for older people: patient and relative experiences.

Background: High emergency department (ED) usage by older individuals for non-emergencies is a global concern. ED avoidance initiatives have proven effective in addressing this issue. To specifically cater to individuals aged 65 and above, the Southern Adelaide Local Health Network introduced an innovative ED avoidance service.

Practitioners' ability to remotely develop understanding for personalised care and support planning: a thematic analysis of multiple data sources from the feasibility phase of the Dementia Personalised Care Team (D-PACT) intervention.

Practitioner understanding of patients' preferences, wishes and needs is essential for personalised health care i.e., focusing on 'what matters' to people based on their individual life situation.

A systematic review of the cost-effectiveness of community and population interventions to reduce the modifiable risk factors for dementia.

Dementia is a leading global cause of morbidity and mortality. Evidence suggests that tackling modifiable lifecourse risk factors could prevent or delay a significant proportion of cases. Population- and community-based approaches change societal conditions such that everyone across a given community is more likely to live more healthily.

Risk factors for dementia in the context of cardiovascular disease: A protocol of an overview of reviews.

Background: Dementia is a major public health priority. Although there is abundant evidence of an association between dementia and poor cardiovascular health, findings have been inconsistent and uncertain in identifying which factors increase dementia risk in those with cardiovascular disease. Indeed, multiple variables including sociodemographic, economic, health, lifestyle and education may indicate who is at higher vs.

'Do I have the capacity to make capacity judgements?' Researcher reflections from a person-centred dementia support study.

Background And Purpose: Adults lacking capacity are under-represented in research; therefore, the evidence-base surrounding their support needs is inferior compared to other populations. Involving this group in research is fraught with challenges, including researcher uncertainties about how to carry out capacity judgements. Whilst ethical guidelines and principles provide overarching guidance, there is a lack of detailed guidance and evidence-based training, incorporating practical 'on the ground' strategies and advice on communication practices.