Discrete, recurrent, and scalable patterns in non-operant judgement underlie affective picture ratings.

Operant keypress tasks in a reinforcement-reward framework where behavior is shaped by its consequence, show lawful relationships in human preference behavior (i.e., approach/avoidance) and have been analogized to "wanting".

The outcomes of parathyroid gland autotransplantation during thyroid surgery: a systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

Purpose: Thyroidectomy is the treatment of choice for malignant thyroid diseases as well as for benign conditions who cannot be treated medically. The most common complication following thyroidectomy is hypocalcaemia and hypoparathyroidism that usually results from accidental damage or removal of one or more parathyroid glands. Parathyroid gland autotransplantation has been one of the most common intraoperative strategies applied to tackle this problem.

A novel approach to anxiety level prediction using small sets of judgment and survey variables.

Anxiety, a condition characterized by intense fear and persistent worry, affects millions each year and, when severe, is distressing and functionally impairing. Numerous machine learning frameworks have been developed and tested to predict features of anxiety and anxiety traits. This study extended these approaches by using a small set of interpretable judgment variables (n = 15) and contextual variables (demographics, perceived loneliness, COVID-19 history) to (1) understand the relationships between these variables and (2) develop a framework to predict anxiety levels [derived from the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)].

Mesh Rectopexy or Resection Rectopexy for Rectal Prolapse; Is There a Gold Standard Method: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis.

(1) Background: Rectal prolapse is a benign condition that mainly affects females and the elderly. The most common symptoms are constipation and incontinence. The treatment of choice is surgical, but so far, there has been no gold standard method.

Predicting COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake Using a Small and Interpretable Set of Judgment and Demographic Variables: Cross-Sectional Cognitive Science Study.

Background: Despite COVID-19 vaccine mandates, many chose to forgo vaccination, raising questions about the psychology underlying how judgment affects these choices. Research shows that reward and aversion judgments are important for vaccination choice; however, no studies have integrated such cognitive science with machine learning to predict COVID-19 vaccine uptake.

Objective: This study aims to determine the predictive power of a small but interpretable set of judgment variables using 3 machine learning algorithms to predict COVID-19 vaccine uptake and interpret what profile of judgment variables was important for prediction.

The Role of Carbon Nanoparticles as Lymph Node Tracers in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Colorectal malignancies are the third-most common malignancies worldwide, with a rising incidence. Surgery remains the treatment of choice and adequate lymph node dissection is required for accurate staging. The objective of this study is to assess the use of carbon nanoparticles in lymph node tracing and resection in cases of colorectal cancer.

Ultra-Processed Food vs. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Greek and Swedish Students.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted children's lifestyles, including dietary behaviors. Of particular concern among these behaviors is the heightened prevalence of ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption, which has been linked to the development of obesity and related non-communicable diseases. The present study examines the changes in (1) UPF and (2) vegetable and/or fruit consumption among school-aged children in Greece and Sweden before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Relationship Between a History of High-risk and Destructive Behaviors and COVID-19 Infection: Preliminary Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened mental health concerns, but the temporal relationship between mental health conditions and SARS-CoV-2 infection has not yet been investigated. Specifically, psychological issues, violent behaviors, and substance use were reported more during the COVID-19 pandemic than before the pandemic. However, it is unknown whether a prepandemic history of these conditions increases an individual's susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2.

The Role of Vitamin D in Kidney Transplantation Outcomes: A Systematic Review.

The aim of this systematic review is to assess the impact of vitamin D on the outcomes of kidney transplantation and investigate whether its deficiency is associated with a negative impact. We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane databases, as well as gray literature. Ultimately, 16 articles with an average of 255.

The Role of Carbon Nanoparticles in Lymph Node Dissection and Parathyroid Gland Preservation during Surgery for Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy with an increasing incidence over the past few years. Surgery is considered the primary therapeutic option, which often involves lymph node dissection. The aim of this study was to assess the role of carbon nanoparticles, a novel agent, in thyroid cancer surgery.

State-of-the-Art Deep Learning Methods on Electrocardiogram Data: Systematic Review.

Background: Electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most common noninvasive diagnostic tools that can provide useful information regarding a patient's health status. Deep learning (DL) is an area of intense exploration that leads the way in most attempts to create powerful diagnostic models based on physiological signals.

Objective: This study aimed to provide a systematic review of DL methods applied to ECG data for various clinical applications.

The Prevalence of Psychotic Symptoms, Violent Ideation, and Disruptive Behavior in a Population With SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Preliminary Study.

Background: The COVID-19 disease results from infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus to produce a range of mild to severe physical, neurological, and mental health symptoms. The COVID-19 pandemic has indirectly caused significant emotional distress, triggering the emergence of mental health symptoms in individuals who were not previously affected or exacerbating symptoms in those with existing mental health conditions. Emotional distress and certain mental health conditions can lead to violent ideation and disruptive behavior, including aggression, threatening acts, deliberate harm toward other people or animals, and inattention to or noncompliance with education or workplace rules.

CoCross: An ICT Platform Enabling Monitoring Recording and Fusion of Clinical Information Chest Sounds and Imaging of COVID-19 ICU Patients.

Monitoring and treatment of severely ill COVID-19 patients in the ICU poses many challenges. The effort to understand the pathophysiology and progress of the disease requires high-quality annotated multi-parameter databases. We present CoCross, a platform that enables the monitoring and fusion of clinical information from in-ICU COVID-19 patients into an annotated database.

Automated Lung Sound Classification Using a Hybrid CNN-LSTM Network and Focal Loss Function.

Respiratory diseases constitute one of the leading causes of death worldwide and directly affect the patient's quality of life. Early diagnosis and patient monitoring, which conventionally include lung auscultation, are essential for the efficient management of respiratory diseases. Manual lung sound interpretation is a subjective and time-consuming process that requires high medical expertise.

The Role of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Diagnosis of Gallbladder Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Gallbladder cancer is the most common malignancy of the biliary tract. When diagnosed in an advanced stage it has a very poor prognosis. Therefore, early diagnosis and thorough assessment of a suspicious gallbladder polyp is essential to improve survival rate.

Association of GRACE Risk Score with Coronary Artery Disease Complexity in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome.

The GRACE score constitutes a useful tool for risk stratification in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), while the SYNTAX score determines the complexity of coronary artery disease (CAD). This study sought to correlate these scores and assess the accuracy of the GRACE score in predicting the extent of CAD. A total of 539 patients with ACS undergoing coronary angiography were included in this analysis.

Exploring Associations Between Children's Obesogenic Behaviors and the Local Environment Using Big Data: Development and Evaluation of the Obesity Prevention Dashboard.

Background: Obesity is a major public health problem globally and in Europe. The prevalence of childhood obesity is also soaring. Several parameters of the living environment are contributing to this increase, such as the density of fast food retailers, and thus, preventive health policies against childhood obesity must focus on the environment to which children are exposed.

Micro-CT-Based Quantification of Extracted Thrombus Burden Characteristics and Association With Angiographic Outcomes in Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: The QUEST-STEMI Study.

Angiographic detection of thrombus in STEMI is associated with adverse outcomes. However, routine thrombus aspiration failed to demonstrate the anticipated benefit. Hence, management of high coronary thrombus burden remains challenging.

What are the real rates of temporary hypoparathyroidism following thyroidectomy? It is a matter of definition: a systematic review.

Introduction: Post-operative hypoparathyroidism is the most encountered complication of thyroid surgery and is classified as temporary or permanent. However, its incidence varies greatly in the literature ranging from 0.5% to 65%.

Correlation of the severity of coronary artery disease with patients' metabolic profile- rationale, design and baseline patient characteristics of the CorLipid trial.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. As oxygen and nutrient supply to the myocardium significantly decrease during ischemic periods, important changes occur regarding myocardial intermediary energy metabolism. Metabolomics is an emerging field in systems biology, which quantifies metabolic changes in response to disease progression.

BigO: A public health decision support system for measuring obesogenic behaviors of children in relation to their local environment.

Obesity is a complex disease and its prevalence depends on multiple factors related to the local socioeconomic, cultural and urban context of individuals. Many obesity prevention strategies and policies, however, are horizontal measures that do not depend on context-specific evidence. In this paper we present an overview of BigO (http://bigoprogram.

Novel e-Health Applications for the Management of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents in Greece.

Obesity in childhood and adolescence represents a major health problem. Novel e-Health technologies have been developed in order to provide a comprehensive and personalized plan of action for the prevention and management of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence. We used information and communication technologies to develop a "National Registry for the Prevention and Management of Overweight and Obesity" in order to register online children and adolescents nationwide, and to guide pediatricians and general practitioners regarding the management of overweight or obese subjects.

Development/Testing of a Monitoring System Assisting MCI Patients: The European Project INLIFE.

INLIFE is a project cofounded from the European Union aiming in prolonging independent living of elderly people with cognitive impairment based on open, seamless ICT services supporting communication, daily activities, providing health services and professional care to the elderly. The main innovation stems from ICT solutions offering 19 different services adapted on specific characteristics elderly people with mild cognitive impairment, early and later stages of Dementia, cognitive impairment and co-morbid condition, as well as their formal and informal caregivers. All services have different focus areas and are incorporated into a unified system based on cloud architecture implemented in patients of 6 European countries, including Greece.