Publications by authors named "Leandro L L Freitas"

Horseshoe kidney is a rare congenital anomaly with an unusually higher frequency of neuroendocrine tumors. Symptoms are rare, and, in most of the cases, are incidentally diagnosed. The clinical behavior of these tumors is heterogeneous and can be difficult to predict based on histology alone.

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  • Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that affects B-cells in the immune system.
  • MCL can happen in different parts of the body, but finding it in the mouth is very uncommon.
  • This report describes a unique case of MCL found in the palate of a 56-year-old man, focusing on its special features that help doctors correctly identify it.
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This study assessed the safety and efficacy of OncoTherad (MRB-CFI-1) nanoimmunotherapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients unresponsive to (BCG) and explored its mechanisms of action in a bladder cancer microenvironment. A single-arm phase I/II study was conducted with 44 patients with NMIBC who were unresponsive to BCG treatment. Primary outcomes were pathological complete response (pCR) and relapse-free survival (RFS).

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  • Gastrointestinal amyloidosis is a disease that can be either primary (related to a type of blood cell problem) or secondary (from long-term illnesses or conditions like inflammatory bowel disease).
  • Sometimes, it can cause serious liver failure, which makes it harder to diagnose and treat.
  • Doctors look for specific signs in scans of the abdomen to help identify the disease and understand what’s going on.
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  • The study examines the roles of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) like ICAM-1, LFA-1, and L-selectin in thyroid cancer, investigating their potential as clinical diagnostic and prognostic markers.
  • Researchers analyzed gene and protein expression in 275 patients (173 with malignant tumors and 102 with benign nodules) using RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry.
  • Key findings show that mRNA and protein levels of certain CAMs differ significantly between benign and malignant nodules, suggesting they could help identify malignancy, but no clear link to patient outcomes was established.
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Castleman's disease (CD) is a rare and heterogeneous lymphoproliferative disorder, with limited available clinical information in Brazil. A retrospective study was carried out through information contained in the medical records of 51 patients, between July 1999 and June 2020. Seven patients were excluded, and 44 were analyzed in total.

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Background: Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a rare autoimmune disease that can develop a persistent nephrotic syndrome and end-stage kidney disease, with a recurrence rate of 30% to 40% after kidney transplant.

Methods: Retrospective case series of membranous nephropathy observed in a cohort of kidney transplant recipients with donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies and biopsy-proven antibody-mediated rejection (AMR).

Results: We report 4 cases of membranous nephropathy associated with AMR.

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We report the clinicopathological findings of the first series of 3 patients from Brazil with fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma. The clinicopathological findings disclosed a very aggressive tumor. All 3 patients had solitary tumor at the left side, metastasis and advanced stage at the time of diagnosis; were females with a median age of 40 years; had a history of uterine leiomyomas; and, at follow-up two patients are deceased and one patient alive.

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Objective: Abnormalities involving the gene and its receptors are common in several types of cancer and often related to tumor progression. We investigated the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the susceptibility to cancer, their impact on its features, as well as the role of mRNA expression of these genes in thyroid malignancy.

Methods: We genotyped , , and SNPs in 157 papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients and 200 healthy controls.

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Studies have shown that Gleason grade 4 extent as well as architectural subtypes provide prognostic information. We aimed to evaluate the influence on biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy of patients with organ-confined tumor, Gleason score 7, and negative surgical margins. Total tumor extent, Gleason grade 4 total extent and the extent of each architectural subtype (fused glands, poorly defined glands, cribriform glands, and glomeruloid glands) were evaluated by a semiquantitative point-count method using different colors to identify each subtype.

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Objective: The authors sought to evaluate clinical and laboratory data from pituitary adenoma (PA) patients with functioning PA (associated with acromegaly [n = 10] or Cushing disease [n = 10]) or nonfunctioning PA (NFPA; n = 10) that were classified according to 2017 WHO criteria (based on the expression of the transcription factors pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1 [Pit-1], a transcription factor member of the T-box family [Tpit], and steroidogenic factor 1 [SF-1]) and to assess the immunostaining results for growth hormone (GH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in the corresponding tumors.

Methods: Clinical and laboratory data were collected retrospectively. The percentage of tumoral cells positive for Pit-1, Tpit, or SF-1 was assessed and ImageJ software was used to evaluate immunopositivity in PAs with 2 different antibodies against GH (primary antibody 1 [AbGH-1] and primary antibody 2 [AbGH-2]) and 2 different antibodies against ACTH (primary antibody 1 [AbACTH-1] and primary antibody 2 [AbACTH-2]).

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  • Prostatic xanthoma is a rare lesion that often appears unexpectedly during medical procedures, and this case focuses on a patient with new urinary issues after a kidney transplant.
  • A 62-year-old man, who had no urinary problems before receiving his transplant, developed symptoms and underwent surgery that revealed a pure xanthoma in his prostate without any signs of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
  • The findings suggest that the xanthoma could be related to the immunosuppressive treatment following his kidney transplant, rather than lipid metabolism disorders typically associated with such lesions.
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Purpose: The 8th edition of the TNM has been updated and improved in order to ensure a high degree of clinical relevance. A major change in prostate includes pathologically organ - confined disease to be considered pT2 and no longer subclassified by extent of involvement or laterality. The aim of this study was to validate this major change.

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Aims: Correlate clinical and histologic features with renal outcome in patients with biopsy-proven IgA nephropathy (IgAN).

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis of records and renal tissue of IgAN patients. Histology was revised according to MEST score of Oxford classification.

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Purpose: To find any influence on prognostic factors of index tumor according to predominant location.

Materials And Methods: Prostate surgical specimens from 499 patients submitted to radical retropubic prostatectomy were step-sectioned. Each transverse section was subdivided into 2 anterolateral and 2 posterolateral quadrants.

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We report the case of a 46,XX infant referred at 3 months of age for evaluation of ambiguous genitalia with no palpable gonads. The phallus was replaced by a homogeneous peduncular structure covered by skin, and a second peduncular structure covered by mucosa was located between the labia minora above the urethral meatus and the vaginal opening. There were no associated anomalies, and she had normal growth and neuromotor development.

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Objective: The aim of active surveillance of early prostate cancer is to individualize therapy by selecting for curative treatment only patients with significant cancer. Epstein's criteria for prediction of clinically insignificant cancer in surgical specimens are widely used. Epstein's criterion "no single core with >50% cancer has no correspondence in linear extent.

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  • In some rare cases, endometriosis can affect an area in the back of the abdomen called the retroperitoneum.
  • This report talks about a patient who had pain and swelling because of a problem with her kidney caused by suspected endometriosis, while she was receiving a certain cancer treatment called tamoxifen.
  • Doctors used special imaging tests to look inside her body and a biopsy (taking a small tissue sample) to confirm that she had endometriosis near her ureter (the tube that carries urine).
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Objective: To describe the morphology of focal prostatic atrophy and propose a comprehensive histologic classification for a proper diagnostic recognition.

Study Design: A broad immunohistochemical study was performed as an adjunct to its recognition as well as a contribution to pathogenesis.

Results: A morphologic continuum was seen on needle biopsies.

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Background. Protective factors against Gleason upgrading and its impact on outcomes after surgery warrant better definition. Patients and Methods.

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Purpose: To compare time and risk to biochemical recurrence (BR) after radical prostatectomy of two chronologically different groups of patients using the standard and the modified Gleason system (MGS).

Methods: Cohort 1 comprised biopsies of 197 patients graded according to the standard Gleason system (SGS) in the period 1997/2004, and cohort 2, 176 biopsies graded according to the modified system in the period 2005/2011. Time to BR was analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier product-limit analysis and prediction of shorter time to recurrence using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model.

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Objective: There is evidence that reactive stroma in different cancers may regulate tumor progression. The aim of this study is to establish any possible relation of reactive stroma grading on needle prostatic biopsies to biochemical recurrence.

Materials And Methods: The study group comprised 266 biopsies from consecutive patients submitted to radical prostatectomy.

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