Anatomy of the optic radiations from the white matter fiber dissection perspective: A literature review applied to practical anatomical dissection.

Background: Knowledge of the anatomical course of the optic radiations and its relationship to medial temporal lobe structures is of great relevance in preoperative planning for surgery involving the temporal lobe to prevent damage that may result in postsurgical visual field deficits.

Methods: In this anatomical study, we reviewed the literature on this topic and applied the information to practical anatomical dissection. The three-dimensional relationship between the course of the optic radiations and structures accessed in the main microneurosurgical approaches to the medial temporal lobe was examined by applying Klingler's white matter fiber dissection technique to five formalin-fixed human brains.

Anatomical aspects and technical note of a modified retropharyngeal approach and reconstruction of the anterior occipitocervical junction.

Surgery to expose the anterior occiptocervical junction (OCJ) is exacting, and optimal approaches are debatable. The close proximity of vital structures and difficult surgical access present a unique challenge to treat lesions in this area. Routine access to the upper anterior cervical spine remains limited.

Petroclival Meningiomas: Factors Determining the Choice of Approach.

 To review a surgical series of petroclival meningiomas and the factors considered in the choice of approach.  Retrospective review.  The study was conducted in a university hospital in southern Brazil.

Anterior Skull Base Tumors: The Role of Transfacial Approaches in the Endoscopic Era.

The basis of craniofacial tumor surgery is complete surgical extirpation, preferably en bloc or with free borders. Craniofacial techniques are the gold standard and primary strategies in the treatment of anterior skull base tumors. In the last decade, the reports favoring results of endoscopic techniques have increased.

Maffucci's syndrome complicated by intracranial chondrosarcoma: two new illustrative cases.

Maffucci's syndrome is a rare congenital condition, sometimes misdiagnosed as Ollier's disease, characterized by multiple enchondromas combined with hemangiomas and phlebectasia. Coexisting primary malignancies have been described sporadically. We report two cases of Maffucci's syndrome associated with cranial base chondrosarcoma, emphasizing pathophysiological features and the challenging management of intracranial chondrosarcomas.