Community-acquired pneumonia.

Purpose Of Review: This review examines the epidemiology, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and prevention of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults.

Recent Findings: CAP is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common CAP pathogen; however, microbial cause varies by geographic location and host factors.

Microglial recruitment, activation, and proliferation in response to primary demyelination.

We have characterized the cellular response to demyelination/remyelination in the central nervous system using the toxin cuprizone, which causes reproducible demyelination in the corpus callosum. Microglia were distinguished from macrophages by relative CD45 expression (CD45(dim)) using flow cytometry. Their expansion occurred rapidly and substantially outnumbered infiltrating macrophages and T cells throughout the course of cuprizone treatment.