[THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS IN ACUTE STRESS DISORDER (ASD)].

Acute stress disorder (ASD) is a disorder that appears after exposure to a life-threatening event and lasts between three days and a month. In this article, we review therapeutic approaches to this disorder. The information collected, to date, has not demonstrated the effectiveness of drug therapy in preventing the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and therefore, there is no recommendation for providing drug therapy as a routine treatment for ASD.

Occupational rehabilitation of Israel Defense Forces veterans with PTSD: A 5-year follow-up.

The MOD Rehabilitation Department (RD) offers three types of rehabilitation tracks (RTs): (a) education, (b) work placement, (c) economic independence. This study aimed to examine which of the offered RTs predicted a better integration into the workforce. This is an observational, prospective, case-controlled study.

[PREPARING CITIZENS RETURNING FROM CAPTIVITY TO ISRAEL AND MEETING THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS: INITIAL PROTOCOL FOR RECEPTION FROM THE RED CROSS UNTIL TRANSFER TO THE HOSPITALS IN ISRAEL].

Delivery of the returnees from captivity by the Red Cross to military mental and medical professionals until they transfer to the medical staff in the hospitals and meetings with their families is a decisive challenge for the returnees and the professionals. The absorption time places the returnees in an exposed and vulnerable situation, in an intermediate space between captivity and reintegration into reality. The feelings of terror, the helplessness, and the danger to life that accompanied the kidnapping and the stay in captivity may develop into situations related to survival and adaptation to the conditions of captivity, including life-saving strategies.

[STRATEGIES FOR COPING WITH CAPTIVITY - THE CASE OF CIVILIANS KIDNAPPED BY HAMAS].

Studies that focus on coping strategies, especially among civilian hostages, are scant. Research findings may help predict the chances of readjustment upon return from captivity. The present study aimed to examine the challenges that the civilian hostages faced during captivity and how they dealt with the conditions of captivity.

[PREGNANCY DUE TO RAPE DURING CAPTIVITY].

Pregnancy due to rape during captivity in female hostages is a complex, devastating and extremely challenging issue for victims, families and medical staff and may raise difficult ethical and clinical issues. Literature on the subject is scarce. Females who became pregnant as a result of rape in captivity in recent history, especially Yazidi women in ISIS captivity, suffered from a wide range of mental disorders including; post-traumatic stress disorder in high prevalence, anxiety, depression, severe dissociative disorder, somatoform disorder and sexual functioning disorders.

The Link Between Somatization and Dissociation and PTSD Severity in Veterans Who Sought Help From the IDF Combat Stress Reaction Unit.

Introduction: This study aimed to examine the relationships between dissociative and somatic symptoms and how they might contribute to PTSD severity among ex-soldiers who sought help from the IDF Combat Stress Reaction Unit (CSRU).

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1,305 former compulsory, career, and reserve soldiers, who filled out self-report questionnaires on admission for evaluation at the CSRU. The study's dependent variables included two posttraumatic stress disorder measures (CAPS and PCL-5).

[WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT THE TREATMENT OF PRISONERS OF WAR?].

The question of what we know about the treatment of soldiers who are prisoners of war and kidnapped civilians is more relevant today than ever. On October 7, 2023, for 239 Israelis, the transition from an independent and autonomous person to a captive was a sharp, brutal transition that interrupted the continuity of life. Taking prisoners of war (POWs) at this time included, in addition to soldiers, kidnapped civilians, older men, women, teenagers, children and toddlers.

The Psychological Impact of Exposure to Battle on Medics: A Cross-Sectional Study of Ex-Soldiers Who Sought Help From the IDF Combat Reaction Unit.

Introduction: The present study's central aim was to examine two questions: (1) Will there be differences in mental health outcomes between medics and non-medics who sought help at the Israeli Combat Reaction Unit (CRU)? (2) Will there be differences in mental health outcomes between combatants and non-combatants?

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study included files of 1,474 Israeli Defense Forces ex-service members (89% combatants, of whom 13% were medics; 11% non-combatants, of whom 6% were medics), who filled out questionnaires on admission for evaluation at the CRU.Dependent variables were mental health measures and included two PTSD measures (Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5), Beck Depression Inventory, Dissociative Experience Scale, and Brief Symptom Inventory. Military profession (medics vs.

Are intelligent people more likely to get vaccinated? The association between COVID-19 vaccine adherence and cognitive profiles.

Introduction: Since vaccination adherence is crucial in reducing morbidity and mortality during a pandemic, we characterized the association between demographic, intelligence, and personal attributes and COVID-19 vaccination adherence among young adults.

Methods: Cohort study including vaccination data of 185,061 personnel, collected during 13 months of COVID-19 vaccination campaign, while a wide array of vaccination incentives were offered. The effect of demographic data (age, gender and socioeconomic status), military medical fitness - fit for combat service, administrative service, or unfit (volunteering), general intelligence score (GIS) and military social score (MSS) assessing social abilities, on vaccine adherence (allocating by IMOH guidelines) was examined.

Behavioral Self-Blame in PTSD-Etiology, Risk Factors, and Proposed Interventions.

Background: Feeling out of control during a traumatic event may evoke behavioral self-blame (BSB) to avoid feeling helpless following trauma by restoring one's sense of control. BSB is a common, persistent, and treatment-resistant post-traumatic stress symptom. The present study investigates the etiology and risk factors of BSB following a traumatic event and the reasons for its persistence over time.

Contributing Factors to Israeli Soldiers' Adaptation to Military Noncombat Positions.

Objective: Adjusting to a military environment is a complex process, with unique demands and various stressors placed on conscripts. In this study, we examined the unique and combined contribution of the independent variables that constitute an individual soldier's personal resources-the meaningfulness of the military role and the match between expectations and the job itself; cognitive flexibility; social support; and seeking help from a mental health officer (MHO)-to the adaptation (dependent variable) of noncombat soldiers to military service.

Method: The study group comprised 200 Israel Defense Forces noncombat soldiers aged 18-23 years (Meanage = 20.

Israeli soldiers' intentions and actions toward seeking mental health help: Barriers and facilitators.

Background: While military settings may increase psychological distress, soldiers frequently avoid seeking professional help. This study aimed to examine barriers and facilitators associated with intentions to seek help and actually seeking help from a mental health officer (MHO) and how these differ among soldiers who had sought help in the past and those who had not.

Method: This cross-sectional study included 263 combat and noncombat soldiers.

COVID-19 vs. terrorism: Contribution of the COR theory to the process of coping with invisible threats.

Two years have passed since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The entire world is still struggling with the virus and its mutations, and governments have been imposing various restrictions, including social distancing and quarantine. This paper leans on the Conservation of Resources (COR) theoretical model in comparing the impact of COVID-19 with that of an ongoing threat of terror attacks, allowing us to understand the similarities and differences between them.

Predicting mental burnout among Israeli Home Front Command soldiers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The present study examined personality, situational and organizational predictors of burnout during COVID-19 in a military setting, based on the salutogenic theory of health (Antonovsky, 1987).

Method: Questionnaires were completed by 116 reserve Israeli Home Front Command medical staff (71% males). Background variables (e.

Predictors of Emotional Distress in Combat Military Flight Engineers.

Objective: Exposure to distressing sights (DSs) during combat missions may cause emotional distress. The present study aimed to investigate the association between exposure to DSs involving severe injuries and fatalities during rescue missions and emotional distress, in Israeli Air Force (IAF) helicopter flight engineers (FEs).

Methods: Cross-sectional design using self-report questionnaires.

Mental Adaptation to Capsule Work During COVID-19 Outbreak: The Case of Israeli Air Force Career Personnel.

Objective: Dealing with the COVID-19 outbreak required a rapid adjustment to an unfamiliar and unique situation. The current study aimed to identify the challenges faced by Israeli Air Force (IAF) career personnel.

Method: A survey was conducted on 550 participants during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak.

[THE PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF A PANDEMIC OUTBREAK ON MEDICAL STAFF - LITERATURE REVIEW].

In January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared an international emergency due to the outbreak of COVID-19. In March 2020 the WHO announced that the epidemic could be characterized as a pandemic. Subsequently, the WHO acknowledged the importance of providing support to the medical teams, realizing the enormous burden and stress facing this group.

[THE PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MENTAL HEALTH - LITERATURE REVIEW].

The spread of epidemics resulting in many deaths has been known since the dawn of civilization, for example, the typhus and smallpox epidemics and the plague. Early in the previous century there was an outbreak of the Spanish Flue and towards the end of the 60's, the AIDS epidemic (HIV). Since the start of the current century, several epidemics broke out and spread to various places around the world, for instance, SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), the Avian Influenza and the Swine Influenza.