Preventive interventions to improve older people's health outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Systematic reviews of preventive, non-disease-specific primary care trials for older people often report effects according to what is thought to be the intervention's active ingredient.

Aim: To examine the effectiveness of preventive primary care interventions for older people and to identify common components that contribute to intervention success.

Design And Setting: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published in 22 publications from 2009 to 2019.

Vascular disease and apathy symptoms in the very old: A cross-sectional and longitudinal meta-analysis of individual participant data.

Objectives: Previous findings suggest a vascular foundation underlying apathy, but transdiagnostic and prospective evidence on vascular apathy is scarce. This study examines the association between vascular disease and the presence and development of apathy symptoms in the very old.

Methods: Four cohorts of the Towards Understanding Longitudinal International older People Studies (TULIPS)-consortium were included in a two-staged, individual participant data meta-analysis using generalized linear mixed models.

The effects of single and a combination of determinants of anaemia in the very old: results from the TULIPS consortium.

Background And Objectives: Nutritional deficiencies, renal impairment and chronic inflammation are commonly mentioned determinants of anaemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of these determinants, singly and in combination, on anaemia in the very old.

Method: The TULIPS Consortium consists of four population-based studies in oldest-old individuals: Leiden 85-plus Study, LiLACS NZ, Newcastle 85+ study, and TOOTH.

Primary Care Variation in Rates of Unplanned Hospitalizations, Functional Ability, and Quality of Life of Older People.

Purpose: To investigate variability in older people's outcomes according to general practitioner (GP) and practice characteristics in New Zealand and the Netherlands.

Methods: We used data from 2 primary care-based, cluster-randomized, controlled trials to separately fit mixed models of unplanned admission rates, functional ability, and quality of life (QOL) and examine variation according to GP- and practice-level characteristics after adjusting for participant-level characteristics. For the New Zealand sample (n = 3,755 aged 75+ years in 60 practices), we modeled 36-month unplanned admission rates, Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living (NEADL) scale, and QOL domain ratings from the brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment tool.

GP- and practice-related variation in ambulatory sensitive hospitalisations of older primary care patients.

Background: Reducing ambulatory sensitive hospitalisations (ASHs) is a strategy to control spending on hospital care and to improve quality of primary health care. This research investigated whether ASH rates in older people varied by GP and practice characteristics.

Methods: We identified ASHs from the national dataset of hospital events for 3755 community-dwelling participants aged 75+ enrolled in a cluster randomised controlled trial involving 60 randomly selected general practices in three regions in New Zealand.

Anaemia and physical and mental health in the very old: An individual participant data meta-analysis of four longitudinal studies of ageing.

Objective: To determine the physical and mental health of very old people (aged 80+) with anaemia.

Methods: Individual level meta-analysis from five cohorts of octogenarians (n = 2,392): LiLACS NZ Māori, LiLACS NZ non-Māori, Leiden 85-plus Study, Newcastle 85+ Study, and TOOTH. Mixed models of change in functional ability, cognitive function, depressive symptoms, and self-rated health over time were separately fitted for each cohort.

Mixed-methods research revealed the need for dementia services and Human Resource Master Plan in an aging Philippines.

Objective: To determine the status of dementia care services and workforce in selected public and private hospitals and geriatric care facilities in the Philippines.

Study Design And Setting: Framework analysis of 54 key informant interviews, 4 focus group discussions, and survey of 167 workers in 26 purposively selected facilities.

Results: Three dementia care models emerged: (1) separate unit, seen in 2 facilities, (2) partial dementia services, 9 facilities, and (3) integrated with the general services, 15 facilities.

Usual primary care of older people in New Zealand: association between practice characteristics and practice activities.

INTRODUCTION Information on the processes used by primary care practices to help identify older patients in need of assistance are limited in New Zealand. AIM To describe the processes used to promote early problem detection in older patients in primary care and the practice characteristics associated with the use of these proactive processes. METHODS Sixty practices were randomly selected from all primary care practices in three regions (52% response rate) and surveyed in 2010 to identify characteristics of practices performing the following activities: using assessment tools; auditing the practice; conducting specific clinics; providing home visits; and providing active patient follow-up.