Dual nitrogen and phosphorus reductions are needed for long-term mitigation of eutrophication and harmful cyanobacterial blooms in the hydrologically-variable San Francisco Bay Delta, CA.

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) are a major concern for water quality, public health and viability of aquatic ecosystems. Increased inputs of nutrients, i.e.

Managing a cyanobacteria harmful algae bloom "hotspot" in the Sacramento - San Joaquin Delta, California.

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHABs) have become a persistent seasonal problem in the upper San Francisco Estuary, California also known as the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (Delta). The Delta is comprised of a complex network of open water bodies, channels, and sloughs. The terminus of the Stockton Channel is an area identified as a CHAB "hotspot.

Prevention of Substance Use Disorders.

Methods to prevent substance use disorders (SUDs) act on the individual risk factors for addiction. Most adults with SUD initiated substance use during their teenage years, so preventive interventions during adolescence are critical. Antisubstance use messaging, routine screening, and pathways for referral to treatment can be extended into all settings whereby trusted adults interact with adolescents such as sports, mentoring programs, child protective services, and juvenile justice settings.

Cognitive Outcomes of Young Children After Prenatal Exposure to Medications for Opioid Use Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: The number of children with prenatal opioid exposure to medication for addiction treatment (MAT) with methadone and buprenorphine for maternal opioid use disorder is increasing, but the associations of this exposure with cognitive outcomes are not well understood.

Objective: To examine the strength and consistency of findings in the medical literature regarding the association of prenatal exposure to MAT with early childhood cognitive development, particularly when accounting for variables outside MAT exposure.

Data Sources: A search strategy obtained publications from PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Embase from January 1972 to June 2019.

Including Lifestyle Medicine in Medical Education: Rationale for American College of Preventive Medicine/American Medical Association Resolution 959.

Introduced by the American College of Preventive Medicine and released by the American Medical Association House of Delegates in 2017, Resolution 959 (I-17) supports policies and mechanisms that incentivize and/or provide funding for the inclusion of lifestyle medicine education and social determinants of health in undergraduate, graduate and continuing medical education. Resolution 959 was passed to help address the current healthcare costs of lifestyle-related, noncommunicable chronic diseases that exert a devastating economic burden on the U.S.

Influence of Crohn's disease related polymorphisms in innate immune function on ileal microbiome.

We have previously identified NOD2 genotype and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) phenotype, as associated with shifts in the ileal microbiome ("dysbiosis") in a patient cohort. Here we report an integrative analysis of an expanded number of Crohn's disease (CD) related genetic defects in innate immune function (NOD2, ATG16L1, IRGM, CARD9, XBP1, ORMDL3) and composition of the ileal microbiome by combining the initial patient cohort (Batch 1, 2005-2010, n = 165) with a second consecutive patient cohort (Batch 2, 2010-2012, n = 118). These combined patient cohorts were composed of three non-overlapping phenotypes: 1.

Determinants of the Nasal Microbiome: Pilot Study of Effects of Intranasal Medication Use.

Introduction: A role for bacteria and other microbes has long been suspected in the chronic inflammatory sinonasal diseases. Recent studies utilizing culture-independent, sequence-based identification have demonstrated aberrant shifts in the sinus microbiota of chronic rhinosinusitis subjects, compared with ostensibly healthy controls. Examining how such microbiota shifts occur and the potential for physician-prescribed interventions to influence microbiota dynamics are the topics of the current article.

Against the current: back-transfer as a mechanism for rural regionalization.

Objectives: This paper investigates back-transfer: the transfer of patients near the end of their acute hospitalization to a local community hospital for the completion of their medical care. We seek to describe factors contributing to back-transfer, with the goal of elucidating the current use of back-transfer and barriers to its more widespread adoption for rural healthcare regionalization.

Study Design: Observational unmatched case-control.

Safety of Back-Transfer to Local Hospitals During an Acute Care Hospitalization.

Purpose: This paper investigates patient outcomes including length of stay (LOS), cost of hospitalization, bounce-back rates, transition to hospice care, and mortality, following back-transfer.

Methods: This study was an observational case-control study of adults hospitalized in Iowa between 2005 and 2013 to identify back-transferred patients. Back-transfer was defined as the transfer of rural patients near the end of their acute hospitalization in a comprehensive medical center back to a local community hospital for the completion of their medical care.

Pilot study of patient perception of pharmacists as care providers based on health screening encounters with student pharmacists.

Objectives: To assess how patient perceptions of the clinical role of pharmacists may be affected by use of the AIDET communication tool during student-led health fairs, as well as how such events can help promote pharmacy practice.

Setting: 12 community health fair screenings throughout northeastern Minnesota and northwestern Wisconsin, from February to November 2012.

Practice Description: University of Minnesota-College of Pharmacy students trained in the use of AIDET employed the tool's techniques in their communication with health fair patient attendees.

Treating venomous snakebites in the United States: a guide for nurse practitioners.

This article discusses the current, evidence-based guidelines for managing venomous snakebites indigenous to the United States. A review of common varieties of venomous snakes, venom effects, risk factors for snakebites, and management strategies are presented to assist nurse practitioners in caring for snakebite victims.

Extraction of bioavailable contaminants from marine sediments: an approach to reducing toxicity using adsorbent parcels.

This paper demonstrates an approach to reducing acute toxicity in marine sediments using adsorbent parcels. Acute toxicity tests were carried using the marine amphipod Corophium volutator. Marine sediments were spiked with two know contaminants tributyltin and naphthalene and then treated with adsorbent parcels containing either amberlite XAD4 or activated carbon.

Feasibility of a navigated registration technique in FAI surgery.

Introduction: Arthroscopic femoral osteoplasties might be technically demanding, might cause prolonged operative times and restrict the intraoperative overview. An automated navigated matching process of preoperative CT-data and intraoperative fluoroscopy should allow for noninvasive registration for FAI-surgery.

Method: Six hip joints were used with a conventional navigation system.

Revisiting a hazardous waste site 25 years later.

The starting point for this research was a case study of illegal hazardous waste disposal published 25 years ago in the Journal of Environmental Health. The site, located in rural upstate New York, would eventually be managed under county, state, and national remediation programs. For this paper, the authors conducted a historical analysis of reports published about the site.