Deciphering the Neural Effects of Emotional, Motivational, and Cognitive Challenges on Inhibitory Control Processes.

Converging lines of research indicate that inhibitory control is likely to be compromised in contexts that place competing demands on emotional, motivational, and cognitive systems, potentially leading to damaging impulsive behavior. The objective of this study was to identify the neural impact of three challenging contexts that typically compromise self-regulation and weaken impulse control. Participants included 66 healthy adults (M/SD = 29.

Assessing the utility of a novel cortical marker of delay discounting (C-DD) in two independent samples of early adolescents: Links with externalizing pathology.

Delay discounting is a well-established risk factor for risky behaviors and the development of externalizing spectrum disorders. Building upon recent work that developed a novel cortical marker of delay discounting (C-DD) in adult samples, the objective of this study was to test whether the C-DD relates to delay discounting and subsequently externalizing pathology in adolescent samples. The current study used two samples: 9992 early adolescents participating in the ABCD study (Mage = 9.

Intolerance of uncertainty, anxiety sensitivity, and health anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: Exploring temporal relationships using cross-lag analysis.

Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and anxiety sensitivity (AS) have been widely discussed and explored as factors that may contribute to health anxiety. We propose that IU and AS are salient issues for many during the COVID-19 pandemic, and may play a role in the development or exacerbation of health anxiety during the pandemic. Studies have examined links between IU and AS with health anxiety during the pandemic, but these relationships have not been tested together using a longitudinal study design.

Validation of the .

Given the growing number of fatalities associated with the use of multiple types of drugs, there is an urgent need for a tool that allows clinicians and researchers to quickly assess diverse reasons for substance use. Here, we sought to validate the (), a new measure that assesses motivations for use across different types of substances. Participants were 538 adults ages 18-60 (48% women) who reported substance use problems and past-year drug or alcohol use.

Longitudinal relationships between COVID-19 preventative behaviors and perceived vulnerability to disease.

Engagement in infection-preventing behaviors (e.g., mask wearing) has become crucial in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and health-related anxiety may be an important determinant of individual compliance with recommended guidelines.

Development and Initial Validation of the Neglectful Experiences and Deprivation Scale.

Socioemotional deprivation, or the absence of developmentally expected social experiences, has been linked to long-lasting health and psychological outcomes. To date, current measures of socioemotional deprivation fail to capture the cumulative impact of neglectful experiences across multiple social relationships and developmental periods. The current study developed and validated the on a sample of 547 stress-exposed adults (M/SD=27.

Alterations in reward and emotional processing differentiate among adults with a history of childhood maltreatment: Implications for substance use behaviors.

Although childhood maltreatment is a well-established risk factor for a multitude of poor psychosocial outcomes, considerably less is known about mechanisms driving this risk transmission. Recent theoretical models posit that types of childhood maltreatment (deprivation vs. threat) may lead to alterations in reward and emotional processing that confer risk for later psychosocial problems.