NAD regulates nucleotide metabolism and genomic DNA replication.

The intricate orchestration of enzymatic activities involving nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is essential for maintaining metabolic homeostasis and preserving genomic integrity. As a co-enzyme, NAD plays a key role in regulating metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis and Kreb's cycle. ADP-ribosyltransferases (PARPs) and sirtuins rely on NAD to mediate post-translational modifications of target proteins.

The Effects of Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Gut Microbiota, Metabolite Profiles and Host Mucosal Response in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Background: Human milk oligosaccharide supplementation safely modulates fecal bifidobacteria abundance and holds the potential to manage symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Here, we aimed to determine the role of a 4:1 mix of 2'-O-fucosyllactose and lacto-N-neotetraose (2'FL/LNnT) on the modulation of the gut microbiota composition and host mucosal response, as well as the link between the bifidobacteria abundance and metabolite modulation, in IBS patients.

Methods: Biological samples were collected from IBS patients ( = 58) at baseline and week 4 post-supplementation with placebo, 5 g or 10 g doses of 2'FL/LNnT.

Assessing Population Diversity of Yeast Species and Identification of Strains for Brewing Applications.

yeasts have gained popularity in many sectors of the biotechnological industry, specifically in the field of beer production, but also in wine and ethanol production. Their unique properties enable to outcompete conventional brewer's yeast in industrially relevant traits such as production of ethanol and pleasant flavors. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) and high-throughput screening techniques have facilitated large population studies allowing the selection of appropriate yeast strains with improved traits.

Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry data processing made easy.

Evaluation of GC-MS data may be challenging due to the high complexity of data including overlapped, embedded, retention time shifted and low S/N ratio peaks. In this work, we demonstrate a new approach, PARAFAC2 based Deconvolution and Identification System (PARADISe), for processing raw GC-MS data. PARADISe is a computer platform independent freely available software incorporating a number of newly developed algorithms in a coherent framework.

Removal of Polysorbate 80 by complexation prior to LC-MS analysis.

The presence of Polysorbate 80 in samples can challenge liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) analysis as it is easily ionised and detected. In this study, we demonstrate that interference from Polysorbate 80 can be reduced by complexation with a metal ion followed by precipitation by thiocyanate. The precipitation procedure was tested on a mixture of low molecular weight compounds (e.

An automated method for baseline correction, peak finding and peak grouping in chromatographic data.

An automated method (FastChrom) for baseline correction, peak detection and assignment (grouping) of similar peaks across samples has been developed. The method has been tested both on artificial data and a dataset obtained from gas chromatograph analysis of wine samples. As part of the automated approach, a new method for baseline estimation has been developed and compared with other methods.