Application and prospects of single cell sequencing in tumors.

Cancer is an intricate disease with inherent intra-tumor heterogeneity at the cellular level because of genetic changes and environmental differences. Cellular heterogeneity exists even within the same tumor type. Small deviations in a genome or transcriptome can lead to significant differences in function.

Efficacy and safety of low-dose corticosteroids for acute respiratory distress syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: There are conflicting results regarding whether corticosteroids have better efficacy than placebo in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients. Therefore, we aim to further evaluate the efficacy and safety of corticosteroids in adult ARDS patients.

Methods: The databases, including Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in the Cochrane Library, were searched from their inception to May 2, 2020.

Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Cefprozil for Suspension and Granule Formulation in Healthy Chinese Volunteers: Two Single-Dose Crossover Studies.

Introduction: Cefprozil, an oral second-generation semi-synthetic cephalosporin, possesses a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. A granule formulation has been developed to improve medication adherence of the patients. This study was conducted to assess the bioequivalence of the granule formulation to a dry suspension in healthy Chinese volunteers and estimate the pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles of cefprozil.

Icariin treatment reduces blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetic rats and protects pancreatic function.

, a flavonoid isolated from traditional oriental herbal medicines, has been demonstrated to exhibit several health benefits in animal models and in humans. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of on hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in rats. A model of diabetes was established in 50 Sprague Dawley rats using a high-sugar and high-fat diet and peritoneal injection of streptozotocin.

Nurse-led psychological intervention reduces anxiety symptoms and improves quality of life following percutaneous coronary intervention for stable coronary artery disease.

Objective: To study the effect of nurse-led counselling on the anxiety symptoms and the quality of life following percutaneous coronary intervention for stable coronary artery disease.

Design: Randomised control trial.

Setting: Rural and remote China.

rBMSC/Cav-1 Mediates Oxidative Stress in PAH Rat by Regulating SelW/14-3-3 and CA1/Kininogen Signal Transduction.

Background/objectives: Carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1)/kininogen and selenoprotein W (SelW)/14-3-3 signal transduction orchestrate oxidative stress, which can also be regulated by nitric oxide (NO). The mutated caveolin-1 (Cav-1) gene may enhance NO production. This study explored the effect of Cav-1-modified rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSC/Cav-1) on oxidative stress regulation through CA1/kininogen and SelW/14-3-3 signal transduction in a rat model of monocrotaline- (MCT-) induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).

Generation of a nitric oxide signaling pathway in mesenchymal stem cells promotes endothelial lineage commitment.

Enhancing differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to endothelial cells may improve their ability to vascularize tissue and promote wound healing. This study describes a novel role for nitric oxide (NO) in reprogramming MSCs towards an endothelial lineage and highlights the role of Wnt signaling and epigenetic modification by NO. Rat MSCs were transduced with lentiviral vectors expressing endothelial nitric oxide synthase (pLV-eNOS) and a mutated caveolin gene (pLV-CAV-1 ) to enhance NO generation resulting in increased in vitro capillary tubule formation and endothelial marker gene expression.

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate the inflammatory reaction in CLP-induced septic acute lung injury rats via sTNFR1.

We hypothesized that the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs), which secrete high amounts of soluble molecules, such as soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNFR1), may ameliorate sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). A total of 120 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into four groups: the sham control (SC), sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), CLP-ADMSCs, and CLP-sTNFR1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) groups; CLP groups underwent CLP and then received 1 × 10 ADMSCs with or without knockdown of sTNFR1 intravenously at 1 hr after surgery. Rats were killed at 3, 6, 24, and 48 hr after the SC or CLP procedures.

Efficacy of stem cell therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.

Background: Despite significant progress in drug treatment, the prognosis of patients with advanced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains extremely poor. Many preclinical studies have reported the efficacy of stem cell (SC) therapy for PAH; however, this approach remains controversial. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the potential efficacy of SC therapy for PAH.

Early goal-directed and lactate-guided therapy in adult patients with severe sepsis and septic shock: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The ProCESS, ARISE, and ProMISe trials have failed to show that early goal-directed therapy (EGDT) reduces mortality in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. Although lactate-guided therapy (LGT) has been shown to result in significantly lower mortality, its use remains controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate EGDT vs.

Dissecting Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Pulmonary Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Dedifferentiation in Pulmonary Hypertension: Role of Mutated Caveolin-1 (Cav1)-Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterised by remodelling in vascular smooth muscles, and switching from contractile (differentiated) to synthetic (dedifferentiated) phenotype. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a mutated caveolin-1 (Cav1) gene from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) on phenotypic switching in the smooth muscle cells during PAH.

Methods: Human pulmonary smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) were treated with monocrotaline (MCT,1μM), and co-cultured with Cav1 gene modified rBMSCs (rBMSCs/Cav1).

Multivessel coronary artery ectasia and severe calcification in a patient with pheochromocytoma: a case report.

Multivessel coronary artery ectasia with severe calcification is rare among patients with coronary artery disease. A 74-year-old Chinese woman suffered from acute myocardial infarction on a background of 50 years of poorly controlled hypertension secondary to pheochromocytoma, which was surgically removed in June 2012 prior to the presentation. Coronary angiography revealed total occlusion of the proximal left anterior descending artery, and multiple ectasias with severe calcification in the left main, circumflex and right coronary artery.

Knockdown of immature colon carcinoma transcript 1 induces suppression of proliferation, S-phase arrest and apoptosis in leukemia cells.

Immature colon carcinoma transcript 1 (ICT1), a human mitochondrial translation release factor, is a ribosome-dependent codon-independent peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase. ICT1-deficiency has been recognized as a cell growth inhibitor of hepatoblastoma and glioblastoma multiforme. To explore the role of ICT1 in human leukemia, 2 short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) targeting ICT1 sequences were designed in leukemia U937 cells.

Integrin alpha5beta1 suppresses rBMSCs anoikis and promotes nitric oxide production.

Background: Cell based therapy has been heralded as a novel, promising therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the low survival rate after transplantation due to cell death via anoikis is a major obstacle in stem cell therapy. Cells adhesion via Integrin alpha5beta1 (ITGA5B1) has a tendency to exert higher maximum forces.

Overexpression of tumor suppressor gene ZNF750 inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma metastasis.

Zinc-finger protein 750 (ZNF750) encodes a putative C2H2 zinc finger protein and is typically mutated or deleted in squamous cell carcinoma. The role of ZNF750 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of ZNF750 overexpression in CAL-27 cells.

Effect of individualized diabetes education for type 2 diabetes mellitus: a single-center randomized clinical trial.

Background: To evaluate the effect of individualized education for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A total of 280 patients (158 males, mean age 63 ± 10 years) with T2DM were randomly divided into study and control group. Eysenck Personality questionnaire was used to assess the personality of the patients in the study group, which was provided us one-on-one counseling and individualized management plan.

Knockdown of SKA1 gene inhibits cell proliferation and metastasis in human adenoid cystic carcinoma.

The spindle and kinetochore-associated complex subunit 1(SKA1) is a newly discovered gene, which has been associated with mitosis and tumorigenesis. However, its role insalivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) is still unknown, and the invasive and metastatic mechanism in SACC is still unclear. To explore the molecular mechanism of SKA1 in the process of malignant proliferation and metastasis in adenoid cystic cancer (ACC) cells, we employed lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA to knockdown SKA1 in SACC-83 cells.

High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging of carotid atherosclerotic plaques - a correlation study with histopathology.

Background: This study aimed to utilize high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the characteristics of stable and vulnerable carotid arteriosclerotic plaques, with correlations to histopathological findings.

Patients And Methods: High-resolution MRI was performed in 817 patients, using three-dimensional magnetic resonance angiography. Plaque composition was evaluated by measuring the areas occupied by calcification, a lipid-rich necrotic core, intra-plaque haemorrhage, and fibrous cap rupture.

Molecular control of nitric oxide synthesis through eNOS and caveolin-1 interaction regulates osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells by modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

Background: Nitric oxide (NO) plays a role in a number of physiological processes including stem cell differentiation and osteogenesis. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), one of three NO-producing enzymes, is located in a close conformation with the caveolin-1 (CAV-1) membrane protein which is inhibitory to NO production. Modification of this interaction through mutation of the caveolin scaffold domain can increase NO release.

Antiviral activity of polysaccharide extract from Laminaria japonica against respiratory syncytial virus.

Unlabelled: This study was designed to investigate the inhibition activity of polysaccharide extract from Laminaria japonica against RSV. The polysaccharide from Laminaria japonica was isolated by ethanol precipitation. HEK293 cells were infected with RVS, and the antiviral activity of polysaccharide extract against RSV in host cells was tested.

Surgical Revascularization of Symptomatic Kinking of the Internal Carotid Artery.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and outcomes of surgical revascularization for patients with symptomatic kinking of the internal carotid artery (ICA).

Methods: Twenty-five consecutive patients presented with symptomatic kinking of the ICA and a history of transient ischemic attack (TIA) or stroke were prospectively enrolled in this study. All patients were treated with ICA transection and end-to-side reimplantation at the level of the carotid bulb.

Recombinant human erythropoietin improves functional recovery in patients with severe traumatic brain injury: A randomized, double blind and controlled clinical trial.

Objective: To investigate the short-term effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) on patients with severe traumatic brain injury.

Methods: One hundred and fifty-nine patients with severe traumatic brain injury were randomly divided into EPO (n=79) and control group (n=80). EPO group was treated with subcutaneous injection of EPO (100 units/kg) on day 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 following the brain injury.

Effect of total flavonoids from on dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of stem-leaf total flavonoid (SSTF) on the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD). The mouse model was established by intravenous injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). SSTF (5 mg/kg) was administered to the mice before or after MPTP injection, and the effects of SSTF on the behavior of the mice and the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra were assessed.

Degradable Chitosan-Collagen Composites Seeded with Cells as Tissue Engineered Heart Valves.

Background: Degradable collagen-chitosan composite materials have been used to fabricate tissue engineered heart valves. The aims of this study were to demonstrate that the collagen-chitosan composite scaffolds are cytocompatible, and endothelial cells can be differentiated from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) when seeded onto the scaffolds. The adhesion and biological activities of the seeded cells were also investigated.