Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of monkeypox in children: an experts' consensus statement.

Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease. Since the first human monkeypox case was detected in 1970, it has been prevalent in some countries in central and western Africa. Since May 2022, monkeypox cases have been reported in more than 96 non-endemic countries and regions worldwide.

Updated diagnosis, treatment and prevention of COVID-19 in children: experts' consensus statement (condensed version of the second edition).

In the early February, 2020, we called up an experts' committee with more than 30 Chinese experts from 11 national medical academic organizations to formulate the first edition of consensus statement on diagnosis, treatment and prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children, which has been published in this journal. With accumulated experiences in the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 in children, we have updated the consensus statement and released the second edition recently. The current version in English is a condensed version of the second edition of consensus statement on diagnosis, treatment and prevention of COVID-19 in children.

Massive cryptogenic hemoptysis undergoing pulmonary resection: clinical and pathological characteristics and management.

Massive cryptogenic hemoptysis is a common presenting symptom and cause of hospitalization for respiratory diseases, and represents a challenging condition in the clinical. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and pathologic data and management of patients with massive cryptogenic hemoptysis. We retrospectively reviewed 12 patients with massive cryptogenic hemotysis in our hospital between January 2003 and December 2012.

[Clinical analysis of hemolytic-uremic syndrome associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 infection in a child].

Objective: To study the clinical characteristics of Streptococcus pneumonia-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (SP-HUS) in children.

Method: Clinical and laboratory data of a pediatric case of SP-HUS were retrospectively analyzed and the key points of diagnosis and therapy were reviewed.

Result: An 18-month old girl was admitted with chief complaint of fever and cough for 5 days combined with mild labored breath.

[The role of phosphorylation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase in airway remodeling of asthmatic rats and the effect of glucocorticoids].

Objective: To study the role of phosphorylation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) in asthmatic airway remodeling and to explore the effect of glucocorticoids on IL-1beta, JNK and airway remodeling.

Methods: Forty-eight 4 - 6 week old male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 12 rats in each group: the control group, the asthma group, the budesonide (BUD) group, and the dexamethasone (DXM) group. The asthma airway remodeling models were made by intra-peritoneal injection of ovalbumin (OVA) on days 1 and 8 and inhalation of OVA every other day for 12 weeks since day 15.

[Effect of Radix Astragali on signal transducer and activator of transcription activator-4 and its mRNA expression in a rat model of asthma].

Objective: To study the effect of Radix Astragali (RA) on the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription-4 (STAT4) and its mRNA in the bronchus of a rat model of asthma.

Methods: Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: the control group, asthma group, high dosage of RA group and low dosage of RA group. In the experiment, the rat model of asthma was established by the ovalbumin (OVA) challenge methods.

[The role of external signal regulated kinase and transforming growth factor beta(1) in asthma airway remodeling and regulation of glucocorticoids].

Objective: To study role of external signal regulated kinase (ERK) and transforming growth factor beta(1) (TGF-beta1) in asthma airway remodeling and to explore the regulation of glucocorticoids on ERK, TGF-beta1, and airway remodeling.

Methods: Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: control group; asthma group, undergoing intra-peritoneal injection of ovalbumin (OVA) on days 1 and 8 and inhalation of OVA every other day for 8 weeks since day 15 to establish chronic asthma models; dexamethasone (DM) intervention group, undergoing intra-peritoneal injection of DM 30 min before every inhalation instigation; and control group, receiving normal saline instead of DM. 1 - 2 hours after the last instigation the left lungs were taken out.

[Role of external signal regulated kinase signal transduction pathway in airway remodeling of rats with asthma and regulation by glucocorticoids].

Objective: Airway remodeling in asthma makes treatment of asthma very difficult, and study of its pathogenesis becomes very important. The present study aimed to explore the role of external signal regulated kinase (ERK) signal transduction pathway in airway remodeling in rats asthma model and regulatory effects of glucocorticoids on ERK signal transduction pathway and airway remodeling.

Methods: Totally 80 male Sprague-Dawlay rats (6-8 weeks old, weighing about 120 g) were randomly divided into control groups (30 rats), asthma groups (30 rats) and treated groups [including a group intervened with dexamethasone (DM group) and budesonide (BUD group), each had 10 rats].

[Effect of achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides on signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 and its mRNA expression in a rat model of asthma].

Aim: To study the effect of achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides(ABPS) on the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 and its mRNA in bronchus of a rat model of asthma.

Methods: Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: the control group, asthma group and ABPS group. The total cell numbers, eosinophils (EOS) numbers and differentiated cell numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were counted by different count fluids.

[Expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 in rat asthma model and the modulatory effect of dexamethasone].

Objective: To study the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 and its mRNA in rat asthma model and the modulatory effect of dexamethasone (DXM).

Methods: Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: the control group, asthma group and DXM group. The rats in each group were sacrificed 24 h after the last challenge.