Lateral Meniscal Oblique Radial Tears Were Observed Concomitantly With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears in 6% of Pediatric Patients Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Purpose: To identify the incidence of lateral meniscal oblique radial tears (LMORTs) concomitant with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears in pediatric patients undergoing ACL reconstruction.

Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort design was used to analyze all patients 18 years and younger undergoing ACL reconstruction between July 2017 and February 2023. Operative notes and intraoperative arthroscopic photos were analyzed to determine the incidence of LMORTs.

Breastfeeding Support Provided by Lactation Consultants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Breast milk offers numerous health benefits, yet breastfeeding recommendations are met less than half of the time in high-income countries.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of lactation consultant (LC) interventions on breastfeeding, maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy, and infant growth compared to usual care.

Data Sources: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and the gray literature were searched for articles published between January 1985 and July 2024.

24-month prospective randomized comparison of ab externo penetrating canaloplasty versus trabeculectomy in primary angle-closure glaucoma.

Purpose: To report the 24-month efficacy and safety of ab externo penetrating canaloplasty compared with trabeculectomy in the treatment of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG).

Methods: This is a prospective, randomized, controlled trial. Patients with PACG and inadequately controlled intraocular pressure (IOP) were recruited.

Efficacy and safety of combined Kahook Dual Blade goniotomy with phacoemulsification in Chinese patients with primary open angle glaucoma.

Aim: To report the one-year surgical outcome Kahook Dual Blade goniotomy combined with phacoemulsification (KDB-Phaco) in Chinese patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).

Methods: This is a retrospective study included 43 eyes of 28 Chinese POAG patients with cataract who accepted KDB-Phaco and followed-up for 12mo. Intraocular pressure (IOP), glaucoma medications and surgical complications were recorded.

Location of Care Delivery for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the United States.

Rationale: Guidelines recommend patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) be referred to pulmonary hypertension (PH) centers, but little is known about where care is actually delivered in the United States (US).

Objectives: To use prescription patterns to estimate the proportion of PAH care delivered at US PH centers and explore factors associated with location of care.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed claims from the Komodo database in adults who received ≥1 PAH prescription between March 2021 and February 2022.

Altered 3D genome reorganization mediates precocious myeloid differentiation of aged hematopoietic stem cells in inflammation.

Inflammation is a driving force of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) aging, causing irreversible exhaustion of functional HSCs. However, the underlying mechanism of HSCs erosion by inflammatory insult remains poorly understood. Here, we find that transient LPS exposure primes aged HSCs to undergo accelerated differentiation at the expense of self-renewal, leading to depletion of HSCs.

Female Representation in Integrated Interventional Radiology Residency: Trends, Underrepresentation, and Modest Growth Over 5 Years.

Objective: Women remain a minority of trainees in interventional radiology (IR) since the residency's inception in 2014. Similar phenomena have been observed in other surgical specialties. Our study aims to quantify changes in female trainee representation in integrated IR over a 5-year period from the 2018-2019 to 2022-2023 academic years and to compare with trends in other specialties.

A semantic classification of nominal technical terms in secondary school biology textbooks.

Nominal technical terms (NTTs), as crucial builders for disciplinary knowledge, can cause difficulties for students. However, previous studies have rarely associated NTTs with disciplinary knowledge construction. Apart from that, scholars of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) have mainly focused on making wordlists for one specific discipline based on corpora rather than on meanings.

Cardiovascular Protective Properties of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: More than Just Diabetic and Weight Loss Drugs.

Owing to their potent glucose-lowering efficacy and substantial weight loss effects, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are now considered part of the frontline therapeutic options to treat both type 2 diabetes mellitus and nondiabetic overweight/obesity. Stemming from successful demonstration of their cardiometabolic modulation and reduction of major adverse cardiovascular events in clinical outcome trials, GLP-1 RAs have since been validated as agents with compelling cardiovascular protective properties. Studies spanning from the bench to preclinical and large-scale randomised controlled trials have consistently corroborated the cardiovascular benefits of this pharmacological class.

Efficacy and safety of penetrating canaloplasty versus ab externo canaloplasty for primary open-angle glaucoma: A randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To report the 2-year efficacy and safety of penetrating canaloplasty versus ab externo canaloplasty for the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Setting: A single surgical site in China.

Design: This was a prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Incretin-based therapies for the management of cardiometabolic disease in the clinic: Past, present, and future.

Among newer classes of drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are incretin-based agents that lower both blood sugar levels and promote weight loss. They do so by activating pancreatic GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1R) to promote glucose-dependent insulin release and inhibit glucagon secretion. They also act on receptors in the brain and gastrointestinal tract to suppress appetite, slow gastric emptying, and delay glucose absorption.

Interoceptive Signals Bias Decision Making in Rhesus Macaques.

Several influential theories have proposed that interoceptive signals, sent from the body to the brain, contribute to neural processes that coordinate complex behaviors. We altered the physiological state of the body using compounds that have minimal effect on the brain and evaluated their effect on decision-making in rhesus monkeys. We used glycopyrrolate, a non-specific muscarinic (parasympathetic) antagonist, and isoproterenol, a beta-1/2 (sympathetic) agonist, to create a sympathetic-dominated state in the periphery, that was indexed by increased heart rate.

Evaluation of a low-cost staining method for improved visualization of sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) eggs on multiple crop plant species.

Background: The sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is a globally important insect pest that damages crops through direct feeding and by transmitting viruses. Current B. tabaci management revolves around the use of insecticides, which are economically and environmentally costly.

Age-related differences in the association between financial hardship and weight change during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To examine the association of financial hardship with weight changes in the US during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We used data from the COVID-19's Unequal Racial Burden survey, a nationally representative, cross-sectional, online survey of diverse adults living in the US, 12/2020-2/2021. This study included 1000 Asian, Black, Latino (half Spanish-speaking), and White adults and 500 American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, and multiracial adults (5500 total).

Complete remission with partial hematological recovery as a palliative endpoint for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

Complete remission with partial hematological recovery (CRh) has been used as an efficacy endpoint in clinical trials of nonmyelosuppressive drugs for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We conducted a pooled analysis to characterize the clinical outcomes for patients with AML who achieved CRh after treatment with ivosidenib, olutasidenib, enasidenib, or gilteritinib monotherapy in clinical trials used to support marketing applications. The study cohort included 841 adult patients treated at the recommended drug dosage; 64.

Anterior chamber proliferative membrane interception (AC-PMI)-enhanced trabeculectomy versus trabeculectomy for treating neovascular glaucoma: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is an irreversible blinding eye disease worldwide and is classified as one of the refractory glaucoma conditions, severely impacting visual function and vision. Unfortunately, effective surgical interventions to improve the prognosis of NVG patients are currently lacking. The study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anterior chamber proliferative membrane interception (AC-PMI)-enhanced trabeculectomy compared to the traditional trabeculectomy.

TRIM2 Selectively Regulates Inflammation-Driven Pathological Angiogenesis without Affecting Physiological Hypoxia-Mediated Angiogenesis.

Angiogenesis is a critical physiological response to ischemia but becomes pathological when dysregulated and driven excessively by inflammation. We recently identified a novel angiogenic role for tripartite-motif-containing protein 2 (TRIM2) whereby lentiviral shRNA-mediated TRIM2 knockdown impaired endothelial angiogenic functions in vitro. This study sought to determine whether these effects could be translated in vivo and to determine the molecular mechanisms involved.

ISR inhibition reverses pancreatic β-cell failure in Wolfram syndrome models.

Pancreatic β-cell failure by WFS1 deficiency is manifested in individuals with wolfram syndrome (WS). The lack of a suitable human model in WS has impeded progress in the development of new treatments. Here, human pluripotent stem cell derived pancreatic islets (SC-islets) harboring WFS1 deficiency and mouse model of β cell specific Wfs1 knockout were applied to model β-cell failure in WS.

Racial and ethnic disparities in the association between financial hardship and self-reported weight change during the first year of the pandemic in the U.S.

Studies have shown that financial hardship can impact weight change; however, it is unclear what the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has had on weight change in U.S. adults, or whether racial-ethnic groups were impacted differentially.

Differential Mortality Outcomes in Real-world Patients with Lean, Nonobese, and Obese Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Background And Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is commonly associated with obesity but can develop in normal-weight people (lean NAFLD). We compared outcomes in lean, overweight, and obese NAFLD.

Methods: This retrospective chart review included patients at Stanford University Medical Center with NAFLD confirmed by imaging between March 1995 and December 2021.

Effects of light regimes and benthic fish disturbance on the foraging behavior of Vallisneria natans in heterogeneous sediments.

In shallow eutrophic lakes, submersed macrophytes are significantly influenced by two main factors: light availability and benthic fish disturbance. Plant foraging is one of the most crucial aspects of plant behavior. The present study was carried out to effects of light regimes and fish disturbance on the foraging behavior of Vallisneria natans in heterogeneous sediments.

Widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography metrics associated with neovascular glaucoma in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: To explore the association between widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (WF SS-OCTA) metrics, including nonperfusion area (NPA) and neovascularization (NV), and presence of neovascular glaucoma (NVG) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2018 to February 2020. A total of 85 eyes of 60 PDR patients without NVG and 9 eyes of 8 PDR patients with NVG were included.

Opportunities, challenges, and future directions for simulation modeling the effects of structural racism on cancer mortality in the United States: a scoping review.

Purpose: Structural racism could contribute to racial and ethnic disparities in cancer mortality via its broad effects on housing, economic opportunities, and health care. However, there has been limited focus on incorporating structural racism into simulation models designed to identify practice and policy strategies to support health equity. We reviewed studies evaluating structural racism and cancer mortality disparities to highlight opportunities, challenges, and future directions to capture this broad concept in simulation modeling research.