Narrative Diaries in Paediatric Palliative Care: A Scoping Review.

Aim: The aim of the study was to offer a comprehensive overview about literature on narrative diaries in paediatric palliative care.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the methods of Arksey and O'Malley.

Results: Among 83 studies, nine met the inclusion criteria.

A 15-year experience in pediatric palliative care: a retrospective hospital-based study.

Background: The current Italian scenario of pediatric palliative care (PPC) services is characterized by inadequate coverage of the territory. Therefore, it is important to improve the referral of patients to the most appropriate setting (community care, general PPC, or specialized PPC) and to improve the delivery of PPC care.

Methods: Aiming at obtaining information about the referrals to the Padua Pediatric Hospice that could help estimate the investments needed to improve the provision of care, a retrospective analysis has been carried out.

The Intervention Areas of the Psychologist in Pediatric Palliative Care: A Retrospective Analysis.

Infants, children and adolescents with life-limiting and life-threatening disease need long-term care that may change according to disease's natural history. With the primary goal of quality of life, the psychologist of pediatric palliative care (PPC) network deals with a large variety of issues. Little consideration has been given to the variety of intervention areas of psychology in PPC that concern the whole life span of the patient and family.

COVID-19 in pediatric palliative care: what can we learn from the pandemic and possible future directions.

Introduction: Patients in pediatric palliative care (PPC) live with multiple comorbidities which represent a risk factor for severe form of COVID-19.

Methods: This monocentric retrospective study was performed at the PPC Center of Padua (Italy). Testing methodology, prevention strategies and infection characteristics were documented and compared during the first and second peak of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

International Standards for Pediatric Palliative Care: From IMPaCCT to GO-PPaCS.

Context: Since the publication of the IMPaCCT project in 2007, much effort has been made to develop new approaches to pediatric palliative care (PPC). Fifteen years later, it is time to redefine the standards in PPC.

Objectives: An international group of experts in PPC has revised the standards in PPC through the GO-PPaCS project (Global Overview - PPC Standards).

An estimation of the number of children requiring pediatric palliative care in Italy.

Background: Pediatric palliative care (PPC) addresses the physical and psychological needs of children suffering from life-limiting diseases. To define prevention and educational plans and to properly allocate resources, a precise estimation of the PPC burden is required.

Objectives: To estimate the current number of children requiring PPC in Italy, useful to assist policy-makers and healthcare bodies in the organization and allocation of PPC resources.

A Tool for the Evaluation of Clinical Needs and Eligibility to Pediatric Palliative Care: The Validation of the ACCAPED Scale.

Despite their importance, pediatric palliative care (PPC) services are still scantly diffused. In addition, eligibility criteria for PPC are quite complex. Consequently, clinicians require a tool that suggests how to refer patients with life-limiting diseases to the most appropriate service and how to properly allocate health care resources.

A consensus conference report on defining the eligibility criteria for pediatric palliative care in Italy.

Background: The definition of the eligibility criteria of newborn, infant, child, or adolescent patients for palliative care (PC) is complicated by the fact that these patients generally present with very specific case histories that make it inadvisable to directly adopt existing PC protocols devised for adult patients. Thus, the goal of this paper is to define a standard set of criteria for establishing pediatric palliative care (PPC) eligibility.

Methods: The method adopted was that of the consensus conference.

Rights of the Dying Child: The Nurses' Perception.

Aim: The Charter of the Rights of the Dying Child was formulated as a professional guide for caring the child in the final stages. The study examines the nurses' degree of agreement with the Charter's principles and their perception of the implementation of those principles in hospital.

Materials And Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional study to observe the nurses' positions about the 10 rights outlined in the Charter, using an online questionnaire in 5 pediatric hospitals in northern Italy.

Parents spend an average of nine hours a day providing palliative care for children at home and need to maintain an average of five life-saving devices.

Aim: This Italian study investigated home-based palliative care for young children and how long it took parents to meet their needs.

Methods: The study population consisted of 33 families with a child under the responsibility of the Veneto Regional Center for Pediatric Palliative Care, northern Italy, who needed medical support in at least two of the following areas: respiratory, feeding, pain and seizures.

Results: The children had a mean age of 6.

Barriers to the development of pediatric palliative care in Italy.

Introduction: In recent years the emergence of new types of patient, clinical situations, technological frontiers and "health" objectives have changed considerably the needs of ill children, this also concerns pediatric palliative care (PPC). In Italy, despite the introduction of legislation (Law 38/2010) stipulating the right of children and families to access appropriate services for pain control and pediatric palliative care, the availability of these services is still limited.

Aim: The aim of this study is to highlight, through a review of the existing data and published literature, the critical issues that obstacle the planning and development of PPC services in Italy.

The rights of the dying child and the duties of healthcare providers: the "Trieste Charter".

Purpose: The death of a child is a devastating and tragic event for all those involved. This charter aims to help healthcare workers and people assisting terminally ill children to recognize some important rights of the child, with some related suggestions. We consider it important to have a trace of this process, based on the skillfulness of long-lasting experts.

Bone edema of the whole vertebral body: an unusual case of spondyloarthritis.

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is usually characterized by early inflammatory involvement of the sacroiliac joints (SI), which constitutes one of the most important classification criteria according to the SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS). These criteria do not include inflammatory spine lesions which can be detected on MRI, although spine involvement is very common in axial SpA. This is because spine MRI lesion often retrieved in SpA are not very specific, and can be found in many other diseases such as malignancy and osteoarthritis.

Use of Scrambler Therapy in Acute Paediatric Pain: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

We report our clinical experience on the effect of Scrambler Therapy (ST) for a child with acute mixed pain refractory to pharmacological treatment. ST, recently proposed as an alternative treatment for chronic neuropathic pain in adults, is a noninvasive approach to relieve pain, by changing pain perception at brain level. It is safe and has no side effects.

Procedural pain in children: education and management. The approach of an Italian pediatric pain center.

Pain management should be warranted for all children in every situation. Italian legislation proposes a model for pain assistance based on specialized tertiary centers which provide direct clinical management for complex cases and assure continuous cooperation with hospitals and family pediatricians for managing painful conditions every day. The Procedural Pain Service of the University of Padua Department of Pediatrics applies such model for procedural pain management.

[Churg-Strauss syndrome presenting as polymyositis: report of a case].

We reported the case of a male patient with Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) heralding as symptoms typical of polymiositis. During high-dose cortisone therapy (1.5 mg/kg/day), he developed a severe multiplex mononeuritis, poorly responsive to immunoglobulins and methotrexate administration.

[Takayasu's arteritis. A concise review and some observations on a putative case reported by Giovanni Battista Morgagni (1761)].

The discovery of Takayasu's arteritis is likely to date back as far as 1830, owing to the first description of the Japanese Rokushu Yamamoto. Thereafter, several authors from certain geographical areas and in various historical periods described such a vascular disorder, by introducing a quantity of definitions. At present, it is defined as an eponymic disease, namely Takayasu's arteritis, since Makito Takayasu, a Japanese ophtalmologist, reported in 1908 the clinical history of a woman showing some particular retinal anastomotic shunts of arterioles and venules.

[Femoral and humeral head osteonecrosis in a patient with hypofibrinolysis and hyperhomocysteinemia. A case report and a review of the literature].

Osteonecrosis is a disease characterized by the death of marrow and bone tissues. All bones may be affected, most commonly those of the hip, knee, shoulder, ankle as well as the small bones of the hands and feet. When the disease involves a weight-bearing joint there is a significant risk that subarticular fracture may develop leading to disabling arthrosis and requiring, therefore, arthroplasty surgery.

[Assessment and measurement of pain in infants and children].

The assessment of global pain in infants and children involves the analysis of subjective, behavioural and physiological components, beyond the psychological, familiar and environmental factors that influence and modulate the manifestation of painful symptom. Therefore, researchers and clinicians need valid and reliable instruments to obtain a correct measure of pain. Although subjective indices carry out a fundamental role in the assessment of pain (instruments adjusted to the age of the child), behavioural and physiological indices should be used when intelligence deficit or serious physical handicaps exclude such possibility.

Thrombosis of the subclavian vein in SAPHO syndrome. A case-report.

The hallmark of SAPHO Syndrome (Synovitis, Acne, Pustulosis, Hyperostosis, Osteitis) is osteitis of the anterior chest wall, which can be so pronounced as to cause thoracic outlet syndrome, thrombosis of the subclavian vein, and compression of the superior vena cava. Suggestive skin manifestations, namely palmoplantar pustulosis and severe acne, generally antedate the bone and joint lesions. We report a case of SAPHO syndrome that went unrecognized for many years and eventually caused compression and thrombosis of the right subclavian vein requiring cleidectomy.