[Minimally invasive vs. open partial nephrectomy : Perioperative success and complication rates].

Background: Solid renal masses are increasingly treated with nephron-sparing surgery. As in other uro-oncological surgical techniques, minimally invasive and robotic-assisted techniques are becoming increasingly popular.

Objectives: The perioperative results from minimally invasive nephron-sparing surgery versus open surgery were retrospectively compared.

[Nation-wide questionnaire of cathether use in Germany].

Background: Despite the costs that the national health care system faces with regard to treatment of urinary incontinence and related use of urinary catheters, only limited research has been focused on the subject. In collaboration with the German Association of Urologists, we conducted an online-based survey to learn more about the use of urinary catheters and the care of patients in the outpatient setting.

Methods: A comprehensive online survey consisting of 26 questions was sent to all members of the "German Federation of Urologists" (Berufsverband der Deutschen Urologen) in an e-mail.

[Avoidance and management of complications in open surgical ureter reconstruction].

Open surgical reconstruction of the ureter is a urological procedure with a potentially high risk of complications. The correct selection of patients and time of operation are important aspects regarding the treatment strategy. Position and length of the affected ureter segment to be reconstructed determine the surgical intervention possibilities.

[Transposition of the stoma in ileal conduits: the "trouble shooting" technique for stomal complications].

Objective: To investigate stoma-related complications in ileal conduits we present a series of 4 patients in whom we performed a transposition of the conduit to the contralateral side as a surgical solution for large parastomal hernias.

Patients And Methods: 4 patients presented between 1998 and 2009 with large parastomal hernias, all in the right hemi-abdomen. A transposition to the contralateral side was carried out.

Second transurethral resection after Ta high-grade bladder tumor: a 4.5-year period at a single university center.

Purpose: We evaluated the results of second transurethral resections of the bladder (TURB) after pTa high-grade bladder cancer over a 4.5-year period.

Patients And Methods: From July 2007 to December 2011, 2,159 TURBs were performed at our institution, of which 1,143 were initial resections for primary bladder tumor or recurrence.

Urinary retention: benefit of gradual bladder decompression - myth or truth? A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Urinary retention is a common emergency requiring immediate catheterization. Gradual decompression (GD) of the extended bladder is believed to minimize the risk of complications such as bleeding or circulatory collapse, but to date it has not been compared with rapid decompression (RD) in controlled trials.

Materials And Methods: Male patients presenting with urinary retention (n = 294) were randomized to rapid or gradual catheterization.

[T1 bladder cancer: role of documentation for bladder tumor findings and targeted second resection].

Background: For control resection of T1 bladder tumors an exact relocalization of the previously infiltrating tumor spread can be complicated by postreactive alterations, multiple scar tissue or change of surgeons. In this study the results of control transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB) after T1 high grade bladder tumors with the focus on localization and importance of standardized exact documentation were analyzed.

Patients And Methods: From July to February 2012 a control resection was performed in 167 patients due to a T1 high grade bladder cancer.

[Impact of operator experience on TURB of high-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer--analysis of 254 second resections at a university teaching hospital].

Introduction: In departments with urological training of residents, part of the TURB procedures are performed as "teaching surgery". Does resection quality and early recurrence depend on the operator's experience?

Patients And Methods: From July 2007 to February 2012 254 second resections (TURB) after Ta high-grade and T1 high-grade bladder tumours were performed at our institution. The surgeons were stratified into "junior residents" (first and second year of training), "experienced residents" (3rd-5th year of training), board certified urologists, consultants and chief surgeons.

[T1 high-grade bladder cancer - value of second operation with prognostuic parameters of first operation: analysis of 167 cases].

We have evaluated the results of second transurethral resections of the bladder (TURB) after T1 high-grade bladder cancer over a 4.5-year period.From July 2007 to February 2012, 2172 TURB procedures were performed at our institution, of which 1130 were initial resections owing to primary tumour or relapse.

[Hyperbaric oxygen in the treatment of hemorrhagic radiogenic cystitis after prostate cancer].

Background: Postradiation hemorrhagic cystitis is a well known long-term complication of radiation therapy occurring in 3-6 % of patients. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) has been demonstrated to be an effective treatment for radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis not responding to conventional management. This article reviews experiences with HBO for radiogenic cystitis after prostate cancer.

[Diagnostic puncture of the renal pelvis: avoidance of urinary diversion in cases of hydronephrosis and non-specific fever].

Introduction: There are individual cases especially of elderly or palliative patients with hydronephrosis and non-specific fever where a urinary diversion should be avoided in favor of quality of life. For these purposes this study presents the method and the results obtained with a diagnostic puncture of the renal pelvis.

Methods: Demographic data, indications for urinary diversion and the disease leading to hydronephrosis were retrospectively recorded from the operation reports of all percutanous nephrostomy procedures from 2007 to 2012.

[Imperative cystectomy in patients at risk. Ileal conduit or ureterocutaneostomy?].

Due to the demographic trends, the incidence of bladder cancer will rise. Based on progress in perioperative management, radical cystectomy has become feasible also in elderly patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Also caused by the increase of age-related comorbidities, the question arises as to the optimal urinary diversion in patients at risk.

Ureteral substitution with reconfigured colon: long-term followup.

Purpose: Long defects in the mid and upper ureter are not amenable to end-to-end reconstruction. Therefore, we present the long-term results of our technique with reconfigured colon segments.

Materials And Methods: Between June 1998 and July 2008, 14 patients underwent ureteral replacement at our institution with reconfigured colon.

[Non-bacterial cystitis: principles, diagnostics and etiogenic therapy options].

The therapy for non-bacterial cysitides is often based on purely symptom-oriented measures which in many cases relieve the patient's symptoms but cannot stop the chronic progression of the disease. The present article summarises the most common forms of non-bacterial cystitis (interstitial, radiogenic, chemotherapy-induced) with their common pathophysiology and then introduces the most common therapeutic procedures. With regard to radiogenic and chemotherapy-induced cystitis it must be considered that optimal preventative measures can often markedly delay or even prevent the development of the inflammatory processes.

[Ureteral realignment with the rendezvous procedure in complex ureteral injuries - aspects of technique and our experience].

Purpose: The rendezvous procedure for re-establishing ureteral continuity after complex ureteral injuries is introduced and we present our experience with this technique.

Material And Methods: Aspects of the technique are described in a detailed step-by-step instruction using intraoperative radiographs. We evaluated our patient data from 1998 until 2009 for cases in which the rendezvous procedure was attempted.

[Duplex ureteral stenting for intrinsic and extrinsic ureteral strictures: an effective and elegant alternative].

Background: Duplex or twin ureteral stenting has previously been described as a viable option for patients where single double-J ureteral stenting has failed in order to avoid nephrostomies or further surgical intervention. We assessed a series of 20 patients at our institution after unsuccessful primary single ureteral stenting where parallel ureteral stents were inserted.

Methods: Between 2003 and 2009, 20 patients underwent double-J ureteral stenting for ureteral compression or ureteral strictures.

[Ureteral reconstruction after ureterorenoscopic injuries].

Ureteral injuries are caused by iatrogenic reasons in about 75% of cases. Among urological procedures ureterorenoscopy (URS) is mainly described as the reason for ureteral injury, although complication rates of URS are generally low. Injuries of the ureter are divided into five grades by the AAST.

[Long-term follow-up of the defunctionalized bladder after urinary diversion].

Purpose: The remaining bladder is an almost forgotten entity. We analyzed the literature and present patient data from our institution.

Methods And Results: We studied patients at our institution who received a supravesical urinary diversion without concomitant cystectomy and reviewed the relevant literature to extract pros and cons for daily practice.

[Myth or truth. Cranberry juice for prophylaxis and treatment of recurrent urinary tract infection].

Recurrent urinary tract infections are a frequent problem in urological practice. Long-term antibiotic prophylaxis can cause resistance of some intestinal bacteria, and after therapy is stopped, infections often resume. In controlled studies, general recommendations for prophylaxis were shown to inhibit reinfection.

"Scrotal pouch"-scrotal herniation of bladder secondary to extensive bone resection due to chondrosarcoma: a simple and effective surgical treatment of urinary obstruction.

A patient developed a scrotal hernia of the bladder 6 years after resection of the pubic ramus for treatment of a chondrosarcoma. Because reconstruction of the pelvis was impossible, an alternative surgical solution was needed. A continent vesicocutaneous stoma with a full-thickness bladder tube was created.